Kniha Exodus

Biblia - Sväté písmo

(UKJV - Anglický - Updated King James)

Ex 21, 1-36

1 Now these are the judgments which you shall set before them. 2 If you buy an Hebrew servant, six years he shall serve: and in the seventh he shall go out free for nothing. 3 If he came in by himself, he shall go out by himself: if he were married, then his wife shall go out with him. 4 "If his master have given him a wife, and she have born him sons or daughters; the wife and her children shall be her master's, and he shall go out by himself. " 5 "And if the servant shall plainly say, I love my master, my wife, and my children; I will not go out free: " 6 "Then his master shall bring him unto the judges; he shall also bring him to the door, or unto the door post; and his master shall bore his ear through with an aul; and he shall serve him for ever. " 7 And if a man sell his daughter to be a maidservant, she shall not go out as the male servants do. 8 If she please not her master, who has betrothed her to himself, then shall he let her be redeemed: to sell her unto a strange nation he shall have no power, seeing he has dealt deceitfully with her. 9 And if he have betrothed her unto his son, he shall deal with her after the manner of daughters. 10 "If he take him another wife; her food, her raiment, and her duty of marriage, shall he not diminish. " 11 And if he do not these three unto her, then shall she go out free without money. 12 He that strikes a man, so that he die, shall be surely put to death. 13 "And if a man lie not in wait, but God deliver him into his hand; then I will appoint you a place where he shall flee. " 14 "But if a man come presumptuously upon his neighbour, to slay him with guile; you shall take him from mine altar, that he may die. " 15 And he that strikes his father, or his mother, shall be surely put to death. 16 And he that steals a man, and sells him, or if he be found in his hand, he shall surely be put to death. 17 And he that curses his father, or his mother, shall surely be put to death. 18 And if men strive together, and one strike another with a stone, or with his fist, and he die not, but keeps his bed: 19 If he rise again, and walk abroad upon his staff, then shall he that stroke him be quit: only he shall pay for the loss of his time, and shall cause him to be thoroughly healed. 20 "And if a man strike his servant, or his maid, with a rod, and he die under his hand; he shall be surely punished. " 21 Notwithstanding, if he continue a day or two, he shall not be punished: for he is his money. 22 "If men strive, and hurt a woman with child, so that her fruit depart from her, and yet no mischief follow: he shall be surely punished, according as the woman's husband will lay upon him; and he shall pay as the judges determine. " 23 And if any mischief follow, then you shall give life for life, 24 Eye for eye, tooth for tooth, hand for hand, foot for foot, 25 Burning for burning, wound for wound, stripe for stripe. 26 "And if a man strike the eye of his servant, or the eye of his maid, that it perish; he shall let him go free for his eye's sake. " 27 "And if he strike out his manservant's tooth, or his maidservant's tooth; he shall let him go free for his tooth's sake. " 28 "If an ox gore a man or a woman, that they die: then the ox shall be surely stoned, and his flesh shall not be eaten; but the owner of the ox shall be quit. " 29 "But if the ox were known to push with his horn in time past, and it has been testified to his owner, and he has not kept him in, but that he has killed a man or a woman; the ox shall be stoned, and his owner also shall be put to death. " 30 If there be laid on him a sum of money, then he shall give for the ransom of his life whatsoever is laid upon him. 31 Whether he have gored a son, or have gored a daughter, according to this judgment shall it be done unto him. 32 "If the ox shall push a manservant or a maidservant; he shall give unto their master thirty shekels of silver, and the ox shall be stoned. " 33 "And if a man shall open a pit, or if a man shall dig a pit, and not cover it, and an ox or an ass fall therein; " 34 "The owner of the pit shall make it good, and give money unto the owner of them; and the dead beast shall be his. " 35 "And if one man's ox hurt another's, that he die; then they shall sell the live ox, and divide the money of it; and the dead ox also they shall divide. " 36 "Or if it be known that the ox has used to push in time past, and his owner has not kept him in; he shall surely pay ox for ox; and the dead shall be his own. "

Verš 2

If you buy an Hebrew servant, six years he shall serve: and in the seventh he shall go out free for nothing.

Dt 15:12 - "And if your brother, an Hebrew man, or an Hebrew woman, be sold unto you, and serve you six years; then in the seventh year you shall let him go free from you. "

Jer 34:14 - "At the end of seven years let all of you go every man his brother an Hebrew, which has been sold unto you; and when he has served you six years, you shall let him go free from you: but your fathers hearkened not unto me, neither inclined their ear. "

Verš 5

"And if the servant shall plainly say, I love my master, my wife, and my children; I will not go out free: "

Dt 15:16 - "And it shall be, if he say unto you, I will not go away from you; because he loves you and your house, because he is well with you; "

Verš 12

He that strikes a man, so that he die, shall be surely put to death.

Lv 24:17 - And he that kills any man shall surely be put to death.

Verš 15

And he that strikes his father, or his mother, shall be surely put to death.

Mt 15:4 - For God commanded, saying, Honour your father and mother: and, He that curses father or mother, let him die the death.

Verš 17

And he that curses his father, or his mother, shall surely be put to death.

Lv 20:9 - "For every one that curses his father or his mother shall be surely put to death: he has cursed his father or his mother; his blood shall be upon him. "

Prís 20:20 - Whoso curses his father or his mother, his lamp shall be put out in obscure darkness.

Mt 15:4 - For God commanded, saying, Honour your father and mother: and, He that curses father or mother, let him die the death.

Mk 7:10 - "For Moses said, Honour your father and your mother; and, Whoso curses father or mother, let him die the death: "

Verš 24

Eye for eye, tooth for tooth, hand for hand, foot for foot,

Lv 24:20 - Breach for breach, eye for eye, tooth for tooth: as he has caused a blemish in a man, so shall it be done to him again.

Dt 19:21 - "And your eye shall not pity; but life shall go for life, eye for eye, tooth for tooth, hand for hand, foot for foot. "

Mt 5:38 - All of you have heard that it has been said, An eye for an eye, and a tooth for a tooth:

Verš 28

"If an ox gore a man or a woman, that they die: then the ox shall be surely stoned, and his flesh shall not be eaten; but the owner of the ox shall be quit. "

Gn 9:5 - "And surely your blood of your lives will I require; at the hand of every beast will I require it, and at the hand of man; at the hand of every man's brother will I require the life of man. "

Ex 21,1 - Verše 20. a 21. sú dôkazom, že ani otrok–cudzinec nebol vystavený ľubovôli svojho pána.

Ex 21,2-3 - Hebrej sa mohol stať otrokom iného Hebreja alebo preto, že sa predal sám pre svoju chudobu (Lv 25,39), alebo ako zlodej, ktorý nemohol nahradiť škodu, bol predaný do otroctva (Ex 22,3). Izraelský otec mohol predať svoje deti (21,7; Neh 5,5; Iz 50,1). Aj dlžník sa mohol stať otrokom, keď nemohol splatiť svoj dlh (2 Kr 4,1 n. a Neh 5,2). Izraelita, nech sa dostal akýmkoľvek spôsobom do otroctva, neostal otrokom u svojho izraelského pána dlhšie ako sedem rokov. V siedmom roku, po šesťročnej službe, prepúšťali ho na slobodu.

Ex 21,12-14 - Len skutočný vinník mal sa potrestať smrťou. Podľa Nm 35,12; Dt 19,12 vina sa zisťovala pred súdom. Kto niekoho zabil neúmyselne alebo keď sa o jeho vine mohlo pochybovať, mohol si svoj život zachrániť útekom do jedného zo šiestich miest útočišťa. Pri nastúpení nového veľkňaza dostal úplnú slobodu. Kým Izraeliti putovali na púšti, miestom útočišťa bol zaiste oltár zápalných obetí. Tak to bolo u ostatných Semitov a iných starovekých národov.

Ex 21,23-25 - Zákon krvnej pomsty a zákon odvety, ktorými sa trestalo a odčiňovalo krvipreliatie, celkom ruší až Kristus (Mt 5,38). Telesné poranenie bolo možno odčiniť peňažitou pokutou.