Kniha Sudcov

Biblia - Sväté písmo

(CPDV - Anglický - Catholic PD)

Sdc 2, 1-23

1 And an Angel of the Lord went up from Gilgal to the Place of Weeping, and he said: “I led you away from Egypt, and I led you into the land, about which I swore to your fathers. And I promised that I would not nullify my covenant with you, even forever: 2 but only if you would not form a pact with the inhabitants of this land. Instead, you should overturn their altars. Yet you were not willing to listen to my voice. Why have you done this? 3 For this reason, I am not willing to destroy them before your face, so that you may have enemies, and so that their gods may be your ruin.” 4 And when the Angel of the Lord spoke these words to all the sons of Israel, they lifted up their voice, and they wept. 5 And the name of that place was called, the Place of Weeping, or the Place of Tears. And they immolated victims to the Lord in that 131 place. 6 Then Joshua dismissed the people, and the sons of Israel went away, each one to his own possession, so that they might obtain it. 7 And they served the Lord, during all his days, and during all the days of the elders, who lived for a long time after him, and who knew all the works of the Lord, which he had done for Israel. 8 Then Joshua, the son of Nun, the servant of the Lord, died, being one hundred and ten years old. 9 And they buried him in the parts of his possession at Timnath-Serah, on Mount Ephraim, before the northern side of Mount Gaash. 10 And that entire generation was gathered to their fathers. And there rose up others, who had not known the Lord and the works that he had done for Israel. 11 And the sons of Israel did evil in the sight of the Lord, and they served the Baals. 12 And they abandoned the Lord, the God of their fathers, who had led them away from the land of Egypt. And they followed foreign gods and the gods of the peoples who were living around them, and they adored them. And they provoked the Lord to wrath, 13 forsaking him, and serving Baal and Ashtaroth. 14 And the Lord, having become angry against Israel, delivered them into the hands of plunderers, who seized them and sold them to the enemies that were living on all sides. Neither were they able to withstand their adversaries. 15 Instead, wherever they wanted to go, the hand of the Lord was upon them, just as he said and just as he swore to them. And they were greatly afflicted. 16 And the Lord raised up judges, who would free them from the hands of their oppressors. But they were not willing to listen to them. 17 Fornicating with foreign gods and adoring them, they quickly deserted the way along which their fathers had advanced. And having heard the commandments of the Lord, they did all things to the contrary. 18 And while the Lord was raising up the judges, in their days, he was moved to mercy, and he listened to the groaning of the afflicted, and he freed them from the slaughter of their oppressors. 19 But after a judge had died, they turned back, and they were doing much worse things than their fathers had done, following strange gods, serving them, and adoring them. They did not abandon their pursuits and their very stubborn way, by which they were accustomed to walk. 20 And the fury of the Lord was enraged against Israel, and he said: “For this people has made void my covenant, which I had formed with their fathers, and they have despised listening to my voice. 21 And so, I will not destroy the nations that Joshua left behind when he died, 22 so that, by them, I may test Israel, as to whether or not they will keep the way of the Lord, and walk in it, just as their fathers kept it.” 23 Therefore, the Lord left all these nations, and he was not willing to quickly overthrow them, nor did he deliver them into the hands of Joshua.

Verš 1

And an Angel of the Lord went up from Gilgal to the Place of Weeping, and he said: “I led you away from Egypt, and I led you into the land, about which I swore to your fathers. And I promised that I would not nullify my covenant with you, even forever:

Gn 17:7 - And I will establish my covenant between me and you, and with your offspring after you in their generations, by a perpetual covenant: to be God to you and to your offspring after you.

Dt 29:14 - And I am not forming this covenant and confirm these oaths with you alone,

Verš 2

but only if you would not form a pact with the inhabitants of this land. Instead, you should overturn their altars. Yet you were not willing to listen to my voice. Why have you done this?

Dt 7:2 - and when the Lord your God will have delivered them to you, you shall strike them down unto utter annihilation. You shall not enter into a pact with them, nor shall you show any pity to them.

Dt 12:3 - Scatter their altars and break their statues. Burn their sacred groves with fire and crush their idols. Abolish their names from those places.

Verš 3

For this reason, I am not willing to destroy them before your face, so that you may have enemies, and so that their gods may be your ruin.”

Joz 23:13 - even now, know this: that the Lord your God will not wipe them away before your face. Instead, they shall be a pit and a snare to you, and a stumbling block at your side, and stakes in your eyes, until he takes you away and scatters you from this excellent land, which he has delivered to you.

Ex 23:33 - They may not live on your land, lest perhaps they may cause you to sin against me, if you serve their gods, which certainly would be a temptation for you.”

Ex 34:12 - Beware that you do not ever join in friendship with the inhabitants of that land, which may be your ruin.

Dt 7:16 - You shall devour all the peoples, which the Lord your God will deliver to you. Your eye shall not spare them, neither shall you serve their gods, lest they be your ruin.

Verš 6

Then Joshua dismissed the people, and the sons of Israel went away, each one to his own possession, so that they might obtain it.

Joz 24:28 - And he dismissed the people, each one to their own possession.

Verš 14

And the Lord, having become angry against Israel, delivered them into the hands of plunderers, who seized them and sold them to the enemies that were living on all sides. Neither were they able to withstand their adversaries.

Ž 44:12 - And the king will desire your beauty. For he is the Lord your God, and they will adore him.

Iz 50:1 - Thus says the Lord: What is this bill of divorce for your mother, by which I have dismissed her? Or who is my creditor, to whom I have sold you? Behold, you were sold by your iniquities, and I have dismissed your mother for your wickedness.

Verš 15

Instead, wherever they wanted to go, the hand of the Lord was upon them, just as he said and just as he swore to them. And they were greatly afflicted.

Lv 26:1 - I am the Lord your God. You shall not make for yourselves an idol or a graven image. Neither shall you erect a monument, or set up a conspicuous stone in your land, in order that you may adore it. For I am the Lord your God.

Dt 28:1 - “So then, if you will listen to the voice of the Lord your God, so as to keep and do all of his commandments, which I instruct to you this day, the Lord your God will cause you to be more exalted than all the nations which exist upon the earth.

Verš 19

But after a judge had died, they turned back, and they were doing much worse things than their fathers had done, following strange gods, serving them, and adoring them. They did not abandon their pursuits and their very stubborn way, by which they were accustomed to walk.

Sdc 3:12 - Then the sons of Israel resumed doing evil in the sight of the Lord, who strengthened Eglon, the king of Moab, against them because they did evil in his sight.

Verš 21

And so, I will not destroy the nations that Joshua left behind when he died,

Sdc 2,1-5 - O "Pánovom anjelovi" pozri Joz 5,14.16. – Anjel prichádza z Galgaly, izraelského to táborišťa, do Bochima. – Ku "zmluve, ktorú nezruší Pán naveky", porov. Ex 34,10 n. Izraeliti nesplnili podmienky vzájomnej zmluvy, preto ani Jahve nie je povinný splniť svoje prísľuby. Porov. Ex 23, 29–32; Dt 7,1–5; 12,3.

Sdc 2,6-9 - V. 6 je len málo rozšírený Joz 24,28. – V. 7 – Joz 24,31; v. 8 – Joz 24,29; v. 9 – Joz 24,30.

Sdc 2,11 - "Čo je zlé v Pánových očiach" – úcta cudzích bohov, modlárstvo. Porov. Dt 4,25; 17,2; 31,18.29; Sdc 3,7; 4,1; 6,1; 10,6; 13,1. – "Ba’al" pôvodne znamená ,pán', potom meno boha kanaánskych národov. Pod množným číslom sa rozumejú viacerí takíto miestni bohovia, ktorí mávali svoje zvláštne označenie, ako: Ba’al Sidón – Pán Sidona, Ba’al sidonský; Ba’al Sór – Ba’al týrsky. – "… národy, ktoré boli okolo nich", národy, s ktorými sa miešali. Porov. 1,21–35.

Sdc 2,13 - "'Aštóreth", Aštarta (množ. čís. "'aštaróth"), kanaánska bohyňa plodnosti, uctievaná aj u iných Semitov (napr. asýrska Ištar). Ako uctievali viacerých bálov, tak boli známe rôzne aštarty. K jej úcte stavali na výšinách alebo pod košatými stromami drevené stĺpy, koly ("ašery" alebo kamenné ihlany "maseby"), ktoré sa ukončievali znázornením bohyne. Niekedy zámenou Aštarta býva nazývaná Ašerou. Porov. 3,7.

Sdc 2,16 - V núdzi vzbudzoval Jahve sudcov Izraelitom. Sloveso "šáfat", od ktorého je odvodené meno šofét – sudca, znamená nielen súdiť, ale predovšetkým vysluhovať spravodlivosť, dopomáhať niekomu ku spravodlivosti a potom: vyslobodiť (1 Sam 24,16; 2 Sam 18,19.31). Izraelskí "sudcovia" boli pomstitelia krívd popáchaných na ľude, potom jeho vodcovia a osloboditelia a konečne vládcovia (nie však dediční). Porov. 2,18; 3,9.15.31.

Sdc 2,17 - Smilstvo – modlárstvo. Porov. Ex 34,15 n.; Lv 17,7; 20,6; Dt 31,16. – Cesta – spôsob života, mravy.

Sdc 2,21 - Jahve sa zaviazal, že vydá kanaánske národy do rúk Izraelitov (Ex 23,31). Tento Boží prísľub bol však viazaný na podmienku, že Izraeliti budú ctiť len jediného, pravého svojho Boha. Keďže nesplnili podmienku, nemôžu čakať ani splnenie prísľubu, ba naopak trest. Trest aj došiel, ktorý je zároveň skúškou Izraela (v. 22).