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Kniha Sudcov

Biblia - Sväté písmo

(KJV - Anglický - King James)

Sdc 1, 1-36

1 (KJV) Now after the death of Joshua it came to pass, that the children of Israel asked the LORD, saying, Who shall go up for us against the Canaanites first, to fight against them?
1 (B21) Po Jozuově smrti se synové Izraele ptali Hospodina: "Kdo z nás má vytáhnout do boje proti Kananejcům jako první?"

2 (KJV) And the LORD said, Judah shall go up: behold, I have delivered the land into his hand.
2 (B21) Hospodin odpověděl: "Ať vytáhne Juda. Hle, dal jsem mu tu zem do rukou."

3 (KJV) And Judah said unto Simeon his brother, Come up with me into my lot, that we may fight against the Canaanites; and I likewise will go with thee into thy lot. So Simeon went with him.
3 (B21) Kmen Juda pak řekl svým bratrům ze Šimeona: "Pojďte s námi do našeho podílu bojovat proti Kananejcům. My pak zase půjdeme s vámi do vašeho podílu." Kmen Šimeon s ním tedy šel.

4 (KJV) And Judah went up; and the LORD delivered the Canaanites and the Perizzites into their hand: and they slew of them in Bezek ten thousand men.
4 (B21) Juda vytáhl a Hospodin vydal Kananejce i Perizejce do jejich rukou. Pobili jich v Bezeku 10 000.

5 (KJV) And they found Adoni-bezek in Bezek: and they fought against him, and they slew the Canaanites and the Perizzites.
5 (B21) Tam také narazili na Adoni-bezeka a bojovali s ním. Kananejce i Perizejce pobili,

6 (KJV) But Adoni-bezek fled; and they pursued after him, and caught him, and cut off his thumbs and his great toes.
6 (B21) ale Adoni-bezek uprchl. Pronásledovali ho, a když ho dopadli, usekali mu palce na rukou i na nohou.

7 (KJV) And Adoni-bezek said, Threescore and ten kings, having their thumbs and their great toes cut off, gathered their meat under my table: as I have done, so God hath requited me. And they brought him to Jerusalem, and there he died.
7 (B21) Adoni-bezek tehdy řekl: "Sedmdesát králů s usekanými palci na rukou i na nohou sbíralo drobty pod mým stolem. Jak jsem jednal, tak mi Bůh odplatil." Odvedli ho do Jeruzaléma a tam zemřel.

8 (KJV) Now the children of Judah had fought against Jerusalem, and had taken it, and smitten it with the edge of the sword, and set the city on fire.
8 (B21) Synové Judy zaútočili také na Jeruzalém a dobyli ho. Vybili město ostřím meče a vypálili.

9 (KJV) And afterward the children of Judah went down to fight against the Canaanites, that dwelt in the mountain, and in the south, and in the valley.
9 (B21) Potom sestoupili, aby bojovali proti Kananejcům bydlícím v horách, v Negevu a v podhůří.

10 (KJV) And Judah went against the Canaanites that dwelt in Hebron: (now the name of Hebron before was Kirjath-arba:) and they slew Sheshai, and Ahiman, and Talmai.
10 (B21) Vytáhli také proti Kananejcům obývajícím Hebron (dříve nazývaný Kiriat-arba), kde porazili Šešaje, Achimana a Talmaje.

11 (KJV) And from thence he went against the inhabitants of Debir: and the name of Debir before was Kirjath-sepher:
11 (B21) Odtamtud kmen Juda vytáhl proti obyvatelům Debiru (dříve nazývanému Kiriat-sefer).

12 (KJV) And Caleb said, He that smiteth Kirjath-sepher, and taketh it, to him will I give Achsah my daughter to wife.
12 (B21) Káleb tehdy řekl: "Kdo udeří na Kiriat-sefer a dobude ho, tomu dám za ženu svou dceru Aksu."

13 (KJV) And Othniel the son of Kenaz, Caleb's younger brother, took it: and he gave him Achsah his daughter to wife.
13 (B21) Dobyl ho Otniel, syn Kálebova mladšího bratra Kenaze, a tak mu dal svou dceru Aksu za ženu.

14 (KJV) And it came to pass, when she came to him, that she moved him to ask of her father a field: and she lighted from off her ass; and Caleb said unto her, What wilt thou?
14 (B21) Jednou za ním přišla a nabádala ho, ať jejího otce žádá o pole. Když sesedla z osla, Káleb se jí zeptal: "Co bys ráda?"

15 (KJV) And she said unto him, Give me a blessing: for thou hast given me a south land; give me also springs of water. And Caleb gave her the upper springs and the nether springs.
15 (B21) "Dej mi, prosím, dárek," odpověděla. "Vždyť jsi mi dal zem v negevské poušti. Kéž bys mi dal studánky s vodou." A tak jí dal studánky - Horní i Dolní Gulot.

16 (KJV) And the children of the Kenite, Moses' father in law, went up out of the city of palm trees with the children of Judah into the wilderness of Judah, which lieth in the south of Arad; and they went and dwelt among the people.
16 (B21) S Judovými syny vytáhli z Palmového města do judské pouště na jih od Aradu také potomci Mojžíšova tchána, Kenijce. Když tam dorazili, usídlili se mezi místními.

17 (KJV) And Judah went with Simeon his brother, and they slew the Canaanites that inhabited Zephath, and utterly destroyed it. And the name of the city was called Hormah.
17 (B21) Juda ale táhl se svým bratrem Šimeonem dál, vybili Kananejce bydlící v Cefatu a vyhubili je jako proklaté. To město proto dostalo jméno Chorma, Klatba.

18 (KJV) Also Judah took Gaza with the coast thereof, and Askelon with the coast thereof, and Ekron with the coast thereof.
18 (B21) Juda dobýval také Gazu, Aškelon, Ekron a jejich okolí,

19 (KJV) And the LORD was with Judah; and he drave out the inhabitants of the mountain; but could not drive out the inhabitants of the valley, because they had chariots of iron.
19 (B21) ale nedokázal obyvatele nížiny vyhnat, protože měli železné vozy. Hospodin však byl s Judou, a tak se mu podařilo zabrat pohoří.

20 (KJV) And they gave Hebron unto Caleb, as Moses said: and he expelled thence the three sons of Anak.
20 (B21) Hebron dali podle Mojžíšova slova Kálebovi a ten odsud vyhnal trojici Anakových synů.

21 (KJV) And the children of Benjamin did not drive out the Jebusites that inhabited Jerusalem; but the Jebusites dwell with the children of Benjamin in Jerusalem unto this day.
21 (B21) Synové Benjamínovi ale nevyhnali Jebusejce bydlící v Jeruzalémě, a tak Jebusejci žijí v Jeruzalémě spolu s Benjamínci až dodnes.

22 (KJV) And the house of Joseph, they also went up against Bethel: and the LORD was with them.
22 (B21) Také Josefovi potomci vytáhli, a to na Bet-el, a Hospodin byl s nimi.

23 (KJV) And the house of Joseph sent to descry Bethel. (Now the name of the city before was Luz.)
23 (B21) Když vyslali muže, aby prozkoumali Bet-el (dříve nazývaný Luz),

24 (KJV) And the spies saw a man come forth out of the city, and they said unto him, Shew us, we pray thee, the entrance into the city, and we will shew thee mercy.
24 (B21) uviděli zvědové z města vycházet nějakého muže. "Ukaž nám, prosím, kudy do města," řekli mu, "a zachováme se k tobě milosrdně."

25 (KJV) And when he shewed them the entrance into the city, they smote the city with the edge of the sword; but they let go the man and all his family.
25 (B21) Ukázal jim tedy, kudy do města, a oni to město vybili ostřím meče. Toho muže ale i s celou rodinou propustili.

26 (KJV) And the man went into the land of the Hittites, and built a city, and called the name thereof Luz: which is the name thereof unto this day.
26 (B21) Odešel pak do země Chetitů, vystavěl město, nazval je Luz a tak se jmenuje až dodnes.

27 (KJV) Neither did Manasseh drive out the inhabitants of Beth-shean and her towns, nor Taanach and her towns, nor the inhabitants of Dor and her towns, nor the inhabitants of Ibleam and her towns, nor the inhabitants of Megiddo and her towns: but the Canaanites would dwell in that land.
27 (B21) Kmen Manases ale nebyl s to dobýt Bet-šean ani Taanach s jejich vesnicemi. Nevyhnali ani obyvatele Doru, Jibleamu a Megida s jejich vesnicemi. Kananejci totiž byli rozhodnuti v té zemi zůstat.

28 (KJV) And it came to pass, when Israel was strong, that they put the Canaanites to tribute, and did not utterly drive them out.
28 (B21) Když Izrael později zesílil, podrobil Kananejce nuceným pracím, ale úplně se jich nezbavil.

29 (KJV) Neither did Ephraim drive out the Canaanites that dwelt in Gezer; but the Canaanites dwelt in Gezer among them.
29 (B21) Efraim nebyl s to vyhnat Kananejce bydlící v Gezeru, a tak zůstali Kananejci bydlet mezi nimi.

30 (KJV) Neither did Zebulun drive out the inhabitants of Kitron, nor the inhabitants of Nahalol; but the Canaanites dwelt among them, and became tributaries.
30 (B21) Zabulon nebyl s to vyhnat obyvatele Kitronu ani Nahalolu, a tak zůstali Kananejci bydlet mezi nimi; byli však podrobeni nuceným pracím.

31 (KJV) Neither did Asher drive out the inhabitants of Accho, nor the inhabitants of Zidon, nor of Ahlab, nor of Achzib, nor of Helbah, nor of Aphik, nor of Rehob:
31 (B21) Ašer nebyl s to vyhnat obyvatele Akka, Sidonu, Achlabu, Achzibu, Chelby, Afeku ani Rechobu.

32 (KJV) But the Asherites dwelt among the Canaanites, the inhabitants of the land: for they did not drive them out.
32 (B21) Ašerovci se tedy usídlili uprostřed kananejských obyvatel země, protože je nedokázali vyhnat.

33 (KJV) Neither did Naphtali drive out the inhabitants of Beth-shemesh, nor the inhabitants of Beth-anath; but he dwelt among the Canaanites, the inhabitants of the land: nevertheless the inhabitants of Beth-shemesh and of Beth-anath became tributaries unto them.
33 (B21) Neftalí nevyhnal obyvatele Bet-šemeše ani Bet-anatu, a tak se usídlil uprostřed kananejských obyvatel země. Později však podrobili obyvatele Bet-šemeše a Bet-anatu nuceným pracím.

34 (KJV) And the Amorites forced the children of Dan into the mountain: for they would not suffer them to come down to the valley:
34 (B21) Syny Danovy zatlačili Emorejci do hor; vůbec je nenechali sestoupit do nížiny.

35 (KJV) But the Amorites would dwell in mount Heres in Aijalon, and in Shaalbim: yet the hand of the house of Joseph prevailed, so that they became tributaries.
35 (B21) Emorejci byli rozhodnuti zůstat v Har-cheresu, v Ajalonu i v Šaalbimu. Teprve když vzrostla moc domu Josefova, byli podrobeni nuceným pracím.

36 (KJV) And the coast of the Amorites was from the going up to Akrabbim, from the rock, and upward.
36 (B21) Emorejská hranice vedla od průsmyku Akrabim, od Sely výše.


Sdc 1, 1-36





Verš 1
Now after the death of Joshua it came to pass, that the children of Israel asked the LORD, saying, Who shall go up for us against the Canaanites first, to fight against them?
Sdc 20:18 - And the children of Israel arose, and went up to the house of God, and asked counsel of God, and said, Which of us shall go up first to the battle against the children of Benjamin? And the LORD said, Judah shall go up first.

Verš 9
And afterward the children of Judah went down to fight against the Canaanites, that dwelt in the mountain, and in the south, and in the valley.
Joz 10:36 - And Joshua went up from Eglon, and all Israel with him, unto Hebron; and they fought against it:
Joz 11:21 - And at that time came Joshua, and cut off the Anakims from the mountains, from Hebron, from Debir, from Anab, and from all the mountains of Judah, and from all the mountains of Israel: Joshua destroyed them utterly with their cities.
Joz 15:13 - And unto Caleb the son of Jephunneh he gave a part among the children of Judah, according to the commandment of the LORD to Joshua, even the city of Arba the father of Anak, which city is Hebron.

Verš 10
And Judah went against the Canaanites that dwelt in Hebron: (now the name of Hebron before was Kirjath-arba:) and they slew Sheshai, and Ahiman, and Talmai.
Joz 15:14 - And Caleb drove thence the three sons of Anak, Sheshai, and Ahiman, and Talmai, the children of Anak.

Verš 11
And from thence he went against the inhabitants of Debir: and the name of Debir before was Kirjath-sepher:
Joz 15:15 - And he went up thence to the inhabitants of Debir: and the name of Debir before was Kirjath-sepher.

Verš 20
And they gave Hebron unto Caleb, as Moses said: and he expelled thence the three sons of Anak.
Nm 14:24 - But my servant Caleb, because he had another spirit with him, and hath followed me fully, him will I bring into the land whereinto he went; and his seed shall possess it.
Joz 14:13 - And Joshua blessed him, and gave unto Caleb the son of Jephunneh Hebron for an inheritance.

Verš 23
And the house of Joseph sent to descry Bethel. (Now the name of the city before was Luz.)
Gn 28:19 - And he called the name of that place Bethel: but the name of that city was called Luz at the first.

Verš 27
Neither did Manasseh drive out the inhabitants of Beth-shean and her towns, nor Taanach and her towns, nor the inhabitants of Dor and her towns, nor the inhabitants of Ibleam and her towns, nor the inhabitants of Megiddo and her towns: but the Canaanites would dwell in that land.
Joz 17:11 - And Manasseh had in Issachar and in Asher Beth-shean and her towns, and Ibleam and her towns, and the inhabitants of Dor and her towns, and the inhabitants of Endor and her towns, and the inhabitants of Taanach and her towns, and the inhabitants of Megiddo and her towns, even three countries.

Verš 29
Neither did Ephraim drive out the Canaanites that dwelt in Gezer; but the Canaanites dwelt in Gezer among them.
Joz 16:10 - And they drave not out the Canaanites that dwelt in Gezer: but the Canaanites dwell among the Ephraimites unto this day, and serve under tribute.

Sdc 1,1 - Začiatok porov. s Joz 1,1. Poznámka o smrti Jozueho (Joz 24,29) by vhodne zapadla pred 2,11; tam vlastne začína popis udalostí, ktoré sa stali po smrti Jozueho. 1,1 – 2,10 je výťah z Joz, čiže prehľad o dobytí krajiny, ktorý oboznamuje čitateľa Sdc o politickom stave Izraela po smrti Jozueho. Tento dosť suchý úvod je spestrený troma živými obrazmi (v. 5–7, 12–15, 24–26). Spomína tu všetky izraelské kmene – ako Joz 14 n. pri delení krajiny –, okrem Isachara. – Dotaz na Pána sa stal posvätnými lósmi "ur im" a "tumim" (porov. Ex 28,30; Nm 27,21; Joz 7,16 nn.) v Galgale, kde mali Izraeliti prvé táborište po prechode Jordána (Joz 4,19; 5,9).

Sdc 1,3 - Simeon a Júda pochádzali od tej istej matky, Lie (Gn 29,33.35). Aj preto si pomáhajú tieto dva kmene, lebo podiel Simeonov bol v území Júdovom. Pozri Joz 19,1 nn.

Sdc 1,4 - Ferezejci, okrem Kanaánčanov, bývali na území Júdovom a Simeonovom. – Azda "Bezek" je porušený názov mesta Azeky (Joz 10,10 n.). Iný je Bezek v podiele Manassesa, južne od pohoria Gelboe (1 Sam 11,8).

Sdc 1,5 - Pôvodne sa kráľ menoval asi Adoni-Sedek, ale vzhľadom na meno mesta Bezek bolo zmenené na Adoni-Bezek (t. j. pán Bezeka). Treba však robiť rozdiel medzi Adonibezekom, ktorý zomrel v Jeruzaleme (v. 7), a jeruzalemským kráľom Adonisedekom, ktorý zomrel v Makede (Joz 10,26).

Sdc 1,6 - Vg hovorí, že Adonibezekovi uťali "končatiny na rukách a na nohách". Mrzačenie porazených nepriateľov, aby neboli schopní ďalšieho boja, bolo častým zjavom v starom Oriente. Že takáto ukrutnosť nevyplýva z ducha zjaveného náboženstva, vidieť z Dt 20. Izraeliti zaobchádzali s porazeným nepriateľom tak, ako by bol on zaobchodil s nimi. Vtedy platila zásada: Oko za oko, zub za zub. Pritom ani zďaleka neboli Izraeliti takí ukrutní ako iné národy.

Sdc 1,7 - Porov. Lk 16,21 o žobrákovi Lazárovi. – "Sedemdesiat" je zaokrúhlená číslica, ktorá značí veľmi mnoho.

Sdc 1,10-15 - Vv. 10–15 je skoro doslovné znenie Joz 15,14–19. Rozdiel je len v tom, že v Joz sa pripisuje spomenutá výprava Kalebovi, tu zas kmeňu Júdovmu. Keďže Kaleb bol z kmeňa Júdovho (Nm 13,7; 34,19), vecného rozporu medzi oboma správami niet; len Joz 15,14 nn. sa tu zovšeobecňuje. Vidieť, že spisovatelia Kníh Joz a Sdc čerpali z jedného prameňa. Táto udalosť stala sa teda ešte za Jozueho. – "Karjatsefer, to je Mesto písem" (či Knižné mesto), ako vysvetľuje Vg.

Sdc 1,16 - Mojžišov svokor bol Jetro (Ex 3,1), ako výslovne uvádza LXX. Zdá sa, že časť Jetrových potomkov, Kenejcov, sa pridala pod vedením Hobaba (porov. Nm 10,29–32) k Izraelitom ešte na púšti, kde im preukazovali dobré služby. O Kenejcoch pozri tiež Nm 24,21 n. Po príchode do Kanaánu osadili sa asi v dobytom Jerichu. Teraz sa pridali k výprave Júdovcov, aby si vydobyli kraje, ktoré im boli sľúbené (Nm 10,32). Pozri tiež 4,11; 1 Sam 15,6. – Mesto paliem je Jericho, Dt 34,3; 2 Krn 28,15. – Arad (Joz 12,14), dnes Tell 'Arad, 25 km južne od Hebrona. Južne odtiaľ sa potulovali Amalekiti; porov. 1 Sam 15,6. – Júdska púšť sa rozkladá od júdskych hôr na východ k Mŕtvemu moru. Sídla Kenejcov boli teda v juhozápadnej časti Júdskej púšte.

Sdc 1,17 - Horma (Chorma – Kliatba, porov. "chérem"), pozri Nm 14,45; 21,3; Dt 1,44; Joz 12,14; 15,30; 19,4. O kliatbe pozri Joz 6,21; 8,24; 10,28; 11,11.

Sdc 1,20 - K v. 20 pozri Joz 14,13; 15,13. – K v. 21 pozri Joz 15,63. V Joz je miesto Benjamína Júda. Jeruzalem bol bezprostredne na hranici medzi územím Júdovým a Benjamínovým (Joz 18,15–17), ale patril Benjamínovcom (Joz 18,28). Podľa v. 8 podarilo sa Júdovcom raz Jeruzalem vydobyť, ale nepodarilo sa to druhý raz Benjamínovcom. Porov. Joz 15,63.

Sdc 1,21 - Až dodnes – do dôb spisovateľa, čím chce potvrdiť pravdivosť svojho údaja.

Sdc 1,22-24 - Doteraz opisoval pomery u Júdovcov, Simeonovcov a Benjamínovcov. Ďalej sa dotýka, ale celkom stručne, pomerov ostatných kmeňov. – Dom Jozefov – Efraim a Manasses Joz 17,17. – Betel (Joz 7,2) podľa Joz 16,2 bol na južných hraniciach Efraimcov, ktorým vždy patril, hoci podľa Joz 18,13 bol daný Benjamínovcom. – O Beteli-Luze pozri Gn 28,19–22; Joz 16,2; 18,13. – "Dáme ti milosť" – nezabijeme ťa. Porov. (v. 25): Joz 2,14 o Rachabe.

Sdc 1,26 - Luza, asi kde je dnes Chirbet el-Luvézije pri Al-Gražare, 1 hod. severozápadne od Tell el-Kádi.

Sdc 1,27-29 - K v. 27 pozri Joz 17,12 n. – V. 29 je obdobou Joz 16,10.

Sdc 1,30-33 - O mestách Zabulonových pozri Joz 19,15 n., Aserových Joz 19,24 nn., o mestách Neftaliho Joz 19,35 nn.