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Kniha Deuteronómium

Biblia - Sväté písmo

(CPDV - Anglický - Catholic PD)

Dt 32, 1-52

1 “Listen, O heavens, to what I am saying. Let the earth hear the words of my mouth. 2 Let my doctrine accumulate like the rain. Let my eloquence form like the dew, like a mist upon the plants, and like water droplets upon the grass. 3 For I will invoke the name of the Lord. Acknowledge the magnificence of our God! 4 The works of God are perfect, and all his ways are judgments. God is faithful and without any iniquity. He is just and upright. 5 They have sinned against him, and in their filth they are not his sons. They are a depraved and perverse generation. 6 How can this be the return you would offer to the Lord, O foolish and senseless people? Is he himself not your Father, who has possessed you, and made you, and created you? 7 Remember the days of antiquity. Consider each generation. Question your father, and he will declare it to you. Question your elders, and they will tell it to you. 8 When the Most High divided the nations, when he separated the sons of Adam, he appointed the limits of the peoples according to the number of the sons of Israel. 9 But the Lord’s portion is his people: Jacob, the lot of his inheritance. 10 He discovered him in a desert land, in a place of horror and a vast wilderness. He led him around and taught him, and he guarded him like the pupil of his eye, 11 just as an eagle encourages its young to fly, and, flying above them, stretches out its wings, and takes them up, and carries them on its shoulders. 12 The Lord alone was his leader, and there was no strange god with him. 13 He stood him upon an exalted land, so that he might eat the fruits of the fields, so that he might eat honey from the rock, and oil from the hardest stone, 14 butter from the herd, and milk from the sheep, with fat from the lambs, and with rams and goats from the sons of Bashan, with the kernel of the wheat, and so that he might drink the undiluted blood of the grape. 15 The beloved grew fat, and he kicked. Having grown fat and thick and wide, he abandoned God, his Maker, and he withdrew from God, his Savior. 16 They provoked him with strange gods, and they stirred him to anger by their abominations. 17 They immolated to demons and not to God, to gods whom they did not know, who were new and recent arrivals, whom their fathers did not worship. 18 You have forsaken the God who conceived you, and you have forgotten the Lord who created you. 19 The Lord saw, and he was stirred to anger. For his own sons and daughters provoked him. 20 And he said: ‘I will hide my face from them, and I will consider their very end. For this is a perverse generation, and they are unfaithful sons. 21 They have provoked me with that which was not God, and they have angered me with their emptiness. And so, I will provoke them with that which is not a people, and I will anger them with a foolish nation. 22 A fire has been kindled in my fury, and it will burn even to the deepest Hell, and it will devour the earth with its produce, and it will burn the foundations of the mountains. 23 I will heap evils upon them, and I will expend my arrows among them. 24 They will be consumed by famine, and birds with a very bitter bite will devour them. I will send forth the teeth of wild beasts among them, along with the fury of creatures that scurry across the ground, and of serpents. 25 Outside, the sword will devastate them; and inside, there will be dread, as much for the young man as for the maiden, and as much for the newborn as for the old man. 26 I said: Where are they? I will cause their memory to cease from among men. 27 But because of the wrath of the enemies, I have delayed it. Otherwise, perhaps their enemies would be arrogant and would say: “Our exalted hand, and not the Lord, has done all these things.” 28 They are a nation without counsel and without prudence. 29 I wish that they would be wise and understanding, and would provide for the very end.’ 30 How is it that one pursues a thousand, and two chases ten thousand? Is it not because their God has sold them, and because the Lord has enclosed them? 31 For our God is not like their gods. And our enemies are judges. 32 Their vines are of the vines of Sodom, but from the suburbs of Gomorrah. Their grapes are the grapes of gall, and their grape clusters are most bitter. 33 Their wine is the gall of snakes, and it is the incurable venom of asps. 34 ‘Have not these things been stored up with me, and sealed up amid my treasures? 35 Vengeance is mine, and I will repay them in due time, so that their foot may slip and fall. The day of perdition is near, and the time rushes to appear.’ 36 The Lord will judge his people, and he will take pity on his servants. He will see that their hand has been weakened, and that those who have been enclosed have likewise failed, and that those who have been left behind have been consumed. 37 And he shall say: ‘Where are their gods, in whom they had confidence? 38 They ate the fat of their victims, and they drank the wine of their libations. So let these rise up, and bring relief to you, and protect you in your distress. 39 See that I am alone, and there is no other god beside me. I will kill, and I will cause to live. I will strike, and I will heal. And there is no one who is able to rescue from my hand. 40 I will lift up my hand to heaven, and I will say: I live in eternity. 41 When I sharpen my sword like lightning, and my hand takes hold of judgment, then I will render vengeance to my enemies, and I will repay those who hate me. 42 I will inebriate my arrows with blood, and my sword will devour flesh: from the blood of the slain and from the captive, from the exposed head of the enemies.’ 43 You nations, praise his people! For he will avenge the blood of his servants. And he will distribute vengeance to their enemies. And he will be merciful to the land of his people.” 44 Therefore, Moses went and spoke all the words of this canticle to the ears of the people, both he and Joshua, the son of Nun. 45 And he completed all these words, speaking to all of Israel. 46 And he said to them: “Set your hearts upon all the words which I am testifying to you this day. So shall you command your sons, to keep, and to do, and to fulfill all the things that have been written in this law. 47 For these things have not been entrusted to you to no purpose, but so that each one would live by them, and so that, in doing these, you may continue for a long time in the land, which you will enter upon crossing the Jordan in order to possess it.” 48 And the Lord spoke to Moses on the same day, saying: 49 “Ascend this mountain, Abarim, (that is, of crossings) onto Mount Nebo, which is in the land of Moab, 115 opposite Jericho, and look upon the land of Canaan, which I will deliver to the sons of Israel to obtain it. And you shall die upon the mountain. 50 After climbing it, you will be joined to your people, just as your brother Aaron died on Mount Hor, and was placed with his people. 51 For you trespassed against me in the midst of the sons of Israel, at the Waters of Contradiction, in Kadesh, in the desert of Sin. And you did not sanctify me among the sons of Israel. 52 You shall see the land opposite you, which I will give to the sons of Israel, but you shall not enter into it.”

Dt 32, 1-52





Verš 35
Vengeance is mine, and I will repay them in due time, so that their foot may slip and fall. The day of perdition is near, and the time rushes to appear.’
Rim 12:19 - Do not defend yourselves, dearest ones. Instead, step aside from wrath. For it is written: “Vengeance is mine. I shall give retribution, says the Lord.”
Heb 10:30 - For we know that he has said: “Vengeance is mine, and I will repay,” and again, “The Lord will judge his people.”
1Pt 2:23 - And when evil was spoken against him, he did not speak evil. When he suffered, he did not threaten. Then he handed himself over to him who judged him unjustly.

Verš 39
See that I am alone, and there is no other god beside me. I will kill, and I will cause to live. I will strike, and I will heal. And there is no one who is able to rescue from my hand.
Dt 4:35 - So may you know that the Lord himself is God, and there is no other beside him.
Iz 45:5 - I am the Lord, and there is no one else. There is no god beside me. I girded you, and you have not known me.
Iz 45:18 - For thus says the Lord, who created the heavens, God himself who formed the earth and made it, the very Molder of it. He did not create it to no purpose. He formed it so that it would be inhabited. I am the Lord, and there is no other.
Iz 45:22 - All ends of the earth, be converted to me, and you will be saved. For I am God, and there is no other.
1Sam 2:6 - The Lord brings death, and he gives life. He leads away to death, and he brings back again.

Verš 43
You nations, praise his people! For he will avenge the blood of his servants. And he will distribute vengeance to their enemies. And he will be merciful to the land of his people.”
Rim 15:10 - And again, he says: “Rejoice, O Gentiles, along with his people.”

Verš 49
“Ascend this mountain, Abarim, (that is, of crossings) onto Mount Nebo, which is in the land of Moab, 115 opposite Jericho, and look upon the land of Canaan, which I will deliver to the sons of Israel to obtain it. And you shall die upon the mountain.
Nm 27:12 - The Lord also said to Moses: “Ascend onto this mountain, Abarim, and contemplate from there the land, which I will give to the sons of Israel.

Verš 50
After climbing it, you will be joined to your people, just as your brother Aaron died on Mount Hor, and was placed with his people.
Nm 27:13 - And when you have seen it, you shall then go to your people, just as your brother Aaron went.
Nm 33:38 - And Aaron the priest ascended onto mount Hor, by the order of the Lord. And there he died, in the fortieth year of the departure of the sons of Israel from Egypt, in the fifth month, on the first day of the month,

Verš 51
For you trespassed against me in the midst of the sons of Israel, at the Waters of Contradiction, in Kadesh, in the desert of Sin. And you did not sanctify me among the sons of Israel.
Nm 20:12 - And the Lord said to Moses and Aaron, “Because you did not believe me, so as to sanctify me before the sons of Israel, you shall not lead this people into the land, which I will give to them.”

Verš 21
They have provoked me with that which was not God, and they have angered me with their emptiness. And so, I will provoke them with that which is not a people, and I will anger them with a foolish nation.
Rim 10:19 - But I say: Has Israel not known? First, Moses says: “I will lead you into a rivalry with those who are not a nation; in the midst of a foolish nation, I will send you into wrath.”

Verš 22
A fire has been kindled in my fury, and it will burn even to the deepest Hell, and it will devour the earth with its produce, and it will burn the foundations of the mountains.
Jer 15:14 - And I will lead in your enemies from a land that you do not know. For a fire has been kindled in my fury; it will burn upon you.”

Dt 32,1 - Mojžišova pieseň je jednou z najkrajších čiastok Starého zákona. Krása slov, hlbokosť myšlienok, vážnosť výrazov a najmä velebnosť, ktorou Mojžiš necháva hovoriť Boha, dávajú piesni silu a moc, čo priam zatrasie ľudským srdcom. V prorockom duchu Mojžiš sa prenáša do časov, keď Izraeliti žijú v zasľúbenej zemi, žijú v blahobyte a zabúdajú na svojho Dobrodincu, na Pána. Za odpad a nevďačnosť zastihne ich trest. Avšak Pán nezabudne na svoje milosrdenstvo. Boh nezničí nacelkom svoj nevďačný národ, zmiluje sa nad ním a zachráni ho.

Dt 32,1-6 - Ide o najvážnejšiu vec, preto si Mojžiš volá za svedkov celý svet, nebesá i zem. Ony budú svedkami Mojžišovej výstrahy a toho, čo Boh uskutoční v čase. Svojimi slovami chce Mojžiš obmäkčiť srdcia ľudu, chce ich zúrodniť, aby zostali verné Pánovi. Predmetom piesne je Pán, jeho skutky, preto si pieseň zasluhuje, aby ju ľud vypočul a tým vzdával Bohu česť. – Skala (v. 4), Boh je Skalou, pretože sa nemení a je verný vo svojich prísľuboch a je aj pevnou ochranou pre svoj ľud.

Dt 32,7 - Mojžiš sa prihovára k budúcim pokoleniam a preto hovorí z ich hľadiska, uvažujúc o tom všetkom, ako sa Pán staral o ľud, pokým ho nevoviedol do zasľúbenej zeme, kde ho obdaril pozemskými dobrodeniami. "Vymedzil národom hranice" (v. 8), t. j. kanaánskym kmeňom, ktorých územie v budúcnosti mali zaujať Izraeliti.

Dt 32,10-12 - Našiel – v zmysle, že Pán našiel Izraela ako zatúlanú ovcu na nebezpečnom mieste. Potom sa staral s otcovskou láskou o svoj ľud za celý čas putovania po púšti, kým ho nedoviedol na bezpečné miesto, do zasľúbenej zeme.

Dt 32,13 - Výšiny zeme sú palestínske vrchy. Na nich rastú stromy, z ktorých ovocia sa dá pripraviť sladká šťava a olej (palmy a olivy). V Palestíne v tých časoch žili včely nadivoko. Zdržiavali sa v skalných dierach, v jaskyniach, v dutých stromoch a v hustých kriakoch (1 Sam 14,24–27). Oliva sa najlepšie drží v kamenistej pôde, preto možno povedať, že olej je z tvrdého kremeňa.

Dt 32,14 - Bášanský kraj bol známy chovom dobytka (Nm 21,33). Mastné jadro pšenice, čiže najlepšiu pšeničnú múku. Krv viniča – víno, mušt.

Dt 32,15 - V hojnosti životných darov Izrael zabudol na Pána. Namiesto toho, aby sa poďakoval za dary svojmu Pánovi, opustil ho a oddal sa modlárstvu. Miláčik, hebr. ješurún, označuje Izrael. V slovách však badať trpkú iróniu.

Dt 32,17 - O ktorých nemali tušenia, t. j. Pána mohli poznať z jeho skutkov a zo starostlivosti, ktorú im preukazoval. O bohoch pohanských, čo uctievali kanaánske národy, nevedeli však Izraeliti mnoho. Boli to teda noví bohovia pre Židov. Mala to byť prísna výstraha pre Židov, aby sa chránili modloslužby.

Dt 32,22 - Hnev Boží sa prirovnáva k ohňu, ktorý páli a ničí všetko na zemi i pod zemou (Iz 1,31; 30,27 atď.).

Dt 32,23 - Šípy sú Božie tresty a navštívenia.

Dt 32,25 - Na bojiskách popadajú a doma pohynú od strachu a násilia, čo bude páchať nepriateľ.

Dt 32,26-27 - Boh by nacelkom vyhubil izraelský národ, keby nebral ohľad na svoju česť. Neurobí to, lebo nechce, aby sa nepriatelia vo svojej nevedomosti pýšili, že oni premohli a zničili Izrael (9,28; Ex 32,12; Nm 14,13–16; Iz 10,5 atď.).

Dt 32,28-31 - Národ, ktorý chce žiť a usiluje sa o svoj pokojamilovný a šťastný život, ten zničiť nemožno. A tak sa to stávalo v mnohom prípade aj s národom židovským, ktorý nepriatelia nezničili proti jeho a Božej vôli.

Dt 32,35 - Nepriatelia Izraela pohynú, lebo ich skutky sú skutky sodomských nešťastníkov, ich mravná skaza chystá im blízky koniec, pretože Pán o všetkom vie a na všetko pamätá (v. 34).

Dt 32,36 - Keď ľudu bude najhoršie, keď bude blízko záhuby, vtedy ho Pán vyslobodí a zachráni.

Dt 32,40 - Boh uskutoční svoje hrozby, potresce pohanov za preliatu izraelskú krv. Autor tu obraznými výrazmi chce vypuklejšie zdôrazniť več nú priazeň Božiu k svojim verným a zbožným, ktorých v Starom zákone reprezentuje národ židovský.

Dt 32,43 - Napokon aj pohania uznajú, keď Pán vyslobodí Izrael z ich rúk, že len Pán je pravým Bohom. Prostredníctvom Izraela poznajú ostatné národy pravého Boha, ktorého budú oslavovať (Ž 47,2; 66,8; 67,4 atď.).

Dt 32,48-52 - Porov. Nm 27,12–14 a 20,12.