  | Kniha DeuteronómiumBiblia - Sväté písmo(KJV - Anglický - King James) | Dt 25, 1-19 |
1 Dt 25, 1 If there be a controversy between men, and they come unto judgment, that the judges may judge them; then they shall justify the righteous, and condemn the wicked. 2 Dt 25, 2 And it shall be, if the wicked man be worthy to be beaten, that the judge shall cause him to lie down, and to be beaten before his face, according to his fault, by a certain number. 3 Dt 25, 3 Forty stripes he may give him, and not exceed: lest, if he should exceed, and beat him above these with many stripes, then thy brother should seem vile unto thee. 4 Dt 25, 4 Thou shalt not muzzle the ox when he treadeth out the corn. 5 Dt 25, 5 If brethren dwell together, and one of them die, and have no child, the wife of the dead shall not marry without unto a stranger: her husband's brother shall go in unto her, and take her to him to wife, and perform the duty of an husband's brother unto her. 6 Dt 25, 6 And it shall be, that the firstborn which she beareth shall succeed in the name of his brother which is dead, that his name be not put out of Israel. 7 Dt 25, 7 And if the man like not to take his brother's wife, then let his brother's wife go up to the gate unto the elders, and say, My husband's brother refuseth to raise up unto his brother a name in Israel, he will not perform the duty of my husband's brother. 8 Dt 25, 8 Then the elders of his city shall call him, and speak unto him: and if he stand to it, and say, I like not to take her; 9 Dt 25, 9 Then shall his brother's wife come unto him in the presence of the elders, and loose his shoe from off his foot, and spit in his face, and shall answer and say, So shall it be done unto that man that will not build up his brother's house. 10 Dt 25, 10 And his name shall be called in Israel, The house of him that hath his shoe loosed. 11 Dt 25, 11 When men strive together one with another, and the wife of the one draweth near for to deliver her husband out of the hand of him that smiteth him, and putteth forth her hand, and taketh him by the secrets: 12 Dt 25, 12 Then thou shalt cut off her hand, thine eye shall not pity her. 13 Dt 25, 13 Thou shalt not have in thy bag divers weights, a great and a small. 14 Dt 25, 14 Thou shalt not have in thine house divers measures, a great and a small. 15 Dt 25, 15 But thou shalt have a perfect and just weight, a perfect and just measure shalt thou have: that thy days may be lengthened in the land which the LORD thy God giveth thee. 16 Dt 25, 16 For all that do such things, and all that do unrighteously, are an abomination unto the LORD thy God. 17 Dt 25, 17 Remember what Amalek did unto thee by the way, when ye were come forth out of Egypt; 18 Dt 25, 18 How he met thee by the way, and smote the hindmost of thee, even all that were feeble behind thee, when thou wast faint and weary; and he feared not God. 19 Dt 25, 19 Therefore it shall be, when the LORD thy God hath given thee rest from all thine enemies round about, in the land which the LORD thy God giveth thee for an inheritance to possess it, that thou shalt blot out the remembrance of Amalek from under heaven; thou shalt not forget it.
| | | Dt 25, 1-19 |
Verš 3
Forty stripes he may give him, and not exceed: lest, if he should exceed, and beat him above these with many stripes, then thy brother should seem vile unto thee.
2Kor 11:24 - Of the Jews five times received I forty stripes save one.
Verš 4
Thou shalt not muzzle the ox when he treadeth out the corn.
1Kor 9:9 - For it is written in the law of Moses, Thou shalt not muzzle the mouth of the ox that treadeth out the corn. Doth God take care for oxen?
1Tim 5:18 - For the scripture saith, Thou shalt not muzzle the ox that treadeth out the corn. And, The labourer is worthy of his reward.
Verš 5
If brethren dwell together, and one of them die, and have no child, the wife of the dead shall not marry without unto a stranger: her husband's brother shall go in unto her, and take her to him to wife, and perform the duty of an husband's brother unto her.
Mt 22:24 - Saying, Master, Moses said, If a man die, having no children, his brother shall marry his wife, and raise up seed unto his brother.
Mk 12:19 - Master, Moses wrote unto us, If a man's brother die, and leave his wife behind him, and leave no children, that his brother should take his wife, and raise up seed unto his brother.
Lk 20:28 - Saying, Master, Moses wrote unto us, If any man's brother die, having a wife, and he die without children, that his brother should take his wife, and raise up seed unto his brother.
Verš 7
And if the man like not to take his brother's wife, then let his brother's wife go up to the gate unto the elders, and say, My husband's brother refuseth to raise up unto his brother a name in Israel, he will not perform the duty of my husband's brother.
Rút 4:7 - Now this was the manner in former time in Israel concerning redeeming and concerning changing, for to confirm all things; a man plucked off his shoe, and gave it to his neighbour: and this was a testimony in Israel.
Verš 16
For all that do such things, and all that do unrighteously, are an abomination unto the LORD thy God.
Prís 11:1 - A false balance is abomination to the LORD: but a just weight is his delight.
Verš 17
Remember what Amalek did unto thee by the way, when ye were come forth out of Egypt;
Ex 17:8 - Then came Amalek, and fought with Israel in Rephidim.
Dt 25,1-3 - Predpis sa dotýka menších previnení. Sudcovia mohli pokarhať a mohli odsúdiť podľa previnenia na trest bitím. Počet úderov sa nameral podľa viny. Bilo sa v prítomnosti sudcu. Počet úderov nesmel prestúpiť 40. Neskoršie najväčší telesný trest bol 39 úderov. Umenšili to preto, aby sa pri rátaní nepomýlili a neudreli viac ráz.
Dt 25,4 - Mlátilo sa obyčajne na poli, na vyvýšenejšom mieste. Na rozloženom obilí vodili statok dookola a ťažké šľapy dobytka vymŕvali zrno. Aby dobytok nežral z obilia, dávali mu náhubok. Mojžiš to zakazuje a chce, aby aj zvieratá mali akúsi odmenu za svoju robotu (1 Kor 9,9; 1 Tim 5,18).
Dt 25,5-10 - Bratia, t. j. tí, čo majú spoločného otca, pretože ide o dedičstvo (Gn 38,8). Zdá sa, že zákon viazal len slobodných bratov, a to tiež len vtedy, keď švagriná bola v takom veku, že mohla mať nádej na potomka. Ak bola v pokročilom veku, tento zákon (manželstvo levirátne) nezaväzoval bratov zomrelého. – Nanútené manželstvo však spravidla nebýva šťastné, preto brat (neskoršie aj ďalší príbuzný) mohol sa tejto povinnosti vyhnúť. Vtedy ho žena obžalovala pred staršími mesta, zobula mu obuv a hodila mu ju do tváre. Tým sa znázorňovalo jednak potupenie, jednak to, že brat zomrelého pozbavuje sa akéhokoľvek práva, ktoré mu dával zákon na majetok jeho brata. Jeden z aspektov tohto manželstva a s ním spojenej praxe nachádzame v Knihe Rút 4. hl. Narážku na to nachádzame aj neskôr v Novom zákone u Jána 1,24–34. Zmienka Jána Krstiteľa o remienkoch na "sandáloch" a o práve Ježiša Krista, ktorý bol "prv ako ja", je pochopiteľná aj na pozadí tohto židovského práva. Ježiš je Mesiáš a má právo na Cirkev preto, že bol "prv" ako Ján Krstiteľ (Jn 1,24–34). Stiahnuť si obuv z nohy znamenalo v tejto súvislosti vzdať sa svojho práva (porov. pozn. k Rút 4,7).
Dt 25,13-16 - Porov. Lv 19,35 n. Toto nie je vlastne zákon, pretože nemá pripojenú nijakú sankciu. Je to mravná požiadavka, zakladajúca sa na poukaze, že Boh je strážcom poriadku a že tresce každú nespravodlivosť. – Merica, čiže efa, merala 36,44 l. Bola to miera na pevné sypké veci.
Dt 25,17-19 - Pozri Ex 17,8 n. a 1 Sam 15,2–33; 30,1–18. O udalosti v. 18 Sväté písmo na inom mieste nehovorí.
