Kniha Deuteronómium

Biblia - Sväté písmo

(KJV - Anglický - King James)

Dt 19, 1-21

1 When the LORD thy God hath cut off the nations, whose land the LORD thy God giveth thee, and thou succeedest them, and dwellest in their cities, and in their houses; 2 Thou shalt separate three cities for thee in the midst of thy land, which the LORD thy God giveth thee to possess it. 3 Thou shalt prepare thee a way, and divide the coasts of thy land, which the LORD thy God giveth thee to inherit, into three parts, that every slayer may flee thither. 4 And this is the case of the slayer, which shall flee thither, that he may live: Whoso killeth his neighbour ignorantly, whom he hated not in time past; 5 As when a man goeth into the wood with his neighbour to hew wood, and his hand fetcheth a stroke with the axe to cut down the tree, and the head slippeth from the helve, and lighteth upon his neighbour, that he die; he shall flee unto one of those cities, and live: 6 Lest the avenger of the blood pursue the slayer, while his heart is hot, and overtake him, because the way is long, and slay him; whereas he was not worthy of death, inasmuch as he hated him not in time past. 7 Wherefore I command thee, saying, Thou shalt separate three cities for thee. 8 And if the LORD thy God enlarge thy coast, as he hath sworn unto thy fathers, and give thee all the land which he promised to give unto thy fathers; 9 If thou shalt keep all these commandments to do them, which I command thee this day, to love the LORD thy God, and to walk ever in his ways; then shalt thou add three cities more for thee, beside these three: 10 That innocent blood be not shed in thy land, which the LORD thy God giveth thee for an inheritance, and so blood be upon thee. 11 But if any man hate his neighbour, and lie in wait for him, and rise up against him, and smite him mortally that he die, and fleeth into one of these cities: 12 Then the elders of his city shall send and fetch him thence, and deliver him into the hand of the avenger of blood, that he may die. 13 Thine eye shall not pity him, but thou shalt put away the guilt of innocent blood from Israel, that it may go well with thee. 14 Thou shalt not remove thy neighbour's landmark, which they of old time have set in thine inheritance, which thou shalt inherit in the land that the LORD thy God giveth thee to possess it. 15 One witness shall not rise up against a man for any iniquity, or for any sin, in any sin that he sinneth: at the mouth of two witnesses, or at the mouth of three witnesses, shall the matter be established. 16 If a false witness rise up against any man to testify against him that which is wrong; 17 Then both the men, between whom the controversy is, shall stand before the LORD, before the priests and the judges, which shall be in those days; 18 And the judges shall make diligent inquisition: and, behold, if the witness be a false witness, and hath testified falsely against his brother; 19 Then shall ye do unto him, as he had thought to have done unto his brother: so shalt thou put the evil away from among you. 20 And those which remain shall hear, and fear, and shall henceforth commit no more any such evil among you. 21 And thine eye shall not pity; but life shall go for life, eye for eye, tooth for tooth, hand for hand, foot for foot.

Verš 2

Thou shalt separate three cities for thee in the midst of thy land, which the LORD thy God giveth thee to possess it.

Ex 21:13 - And if a man lie not in wait, but God deliver him into his hand; then I will appoint thee a place whither he shall flee.

Nm 35:9 - And the LORD spake unto Moses, saying,

Joz 20:2 - Speak to the children of Israel, saying, Appoint out for you cities of refuge, whereof I spake unto you by the hand of Moses:

Verš 4

And this is the case of the slayer, which shall flee thither, that he may live: Whoso killeth his neighbour ignorantly, whom he hated not in time past;

Ex 21:13 - And if a man lie not in wait, but God deliver him into his hand; then I will appoint thee a place whither he shall flee.

Dt 4:41 - Then Moses severed three cities on this side Jordan toward the sunrising;

Verš 8

And if the LORD thy God enlarge thy coast, as he hath sworn unto thy fathers, and give thee all the land which he promised to give unto thy fathers;

Gn 28:13 - And, behold, the LORD stood above it, and said, I am the LORD God of Abraham thy father, and the God of Isaac: the land whereon thou liest, to thee will I give it, and to thy seed;

Dt 12:20 - When the LORD thy God shall enlarge thy border, as he hath promised thee, and thou shalt say, I will eat flesh, because thy soul longeth to eat flesh; thou mayest eat flesh, whatsoever thy soul lusteth after.

Verš 9

If thou shalt keep all these commandments to do them, which I command thee this day, to love the LORD thy God, and to walk ever in his ways; then shalt thou add three cities more for thee, beside these three:

Joz 20:7 - And they appointed Kedesh in Galilee in mount Naphtali, and Shechem in mount Ephraim, and Kirjath-arba, which is Hebron, in the mountain of Judah.

Verš 11

But if any man hate his neighbour, and lie in wait for him, and rise up against him, and smite him mortally that he die, and fleeth into one of these cities:

Gn 9:6 - Whoso sheddeth man's blood, by man shall his blood be shed: for in the image of God made he man.

Ex 21:12 - He that smiteth a man, so that he die, shall be surely put to death.

Ex 21:14 - But if a man come presumptuously upon his neighbour, to slay him with guile; thou shalt take him from mine altar, that he may die.

Lv 24:17 - And he that killeth any man shall surely be put to death.

Nm 35:16 - And if he smite him with an instrument of iron, so that he die, he is a murderer: the murderer shall surely be put to death.

Verš 14

Thou shalt not remove thy neighbour's landmark, which they of old time have set in thine inheritance, which thou shalt inherit in the land that the LORD thy God giveth thee to possess it.

Prís 22:28 - Remove not the ancient landmark, which thy fathers have set.

Verš 15

One witness shall not rise up against a man for any iniquity, or for any sin, in any sin that he sinneth: at the mouth of two witnesses, or at the mouth of three witnesses, shall the matter be established.

Nm 35:30 - Whoso killeth any person, the murderer shall be put to death by the mouth of witnesses: but one witness shall not testify against any person to cause him to die.

Dt 17:6 - At the mouth of two witnesses, or three witnesses, shall he that is worthy of death be put to death; but at the mouth of one witness he shall not be put to death.

Mt 18:16 - But if he will not hear thee, then take with thee one or two more, that in the mouth of two or three witnesses every word may be established.

Dt 17:6 - At the mouth of two witnesses, or three witnesses, shall he that is worthy of death be put to death; but at the mouth of one witness he shall not be put to death.

Jn 8:17 - It is also written in your law, that the testimony of two men is true.

2Kor 13:1 - This is the third time I am coming to you. In the mouth of two or three witnesses shall every word be established.

Heb 10:28 - He that despised Moses' law died without mercy under two or three witnesses:

Verš 19

Then shall ye do unto him, as he had thought to have done unto his brother: so shalt thou put the evil away from among you.

Prís 19:5 - A false witness shall not be unpunished, and he that speaketh lies shall not escape.

Verš 21

And thine eye shall not pity; but life shall go for life, eye for eye, tooth for tooth, hand for hand, foot for foot.

Ex 21:23 - And if any mischief follow, then thou shalt give life for life,

Lv 24:20 - Breach for breach, eye for eye, tooth for tooth: as he hath caused a blemish in a man, so shall it be done to him again.

Mt 5:38 - Ye have heard that it hath been said, An eye for an eye, and a tooth for a tooth:

Dt 19,1-3 - Mojžiš doplňuje zákon z Nm 35,9 n. Porov. aj Ex 21,13; Dt 4,41–43 a Joz 20,1 n.

Dt 19,6-12 - Príbuzný toho, ktorého krv sa vyliala, volal sa góél=krvipomstiteľ (Nm 35,19.25.27).

Dt 19,15 - Na dokázanie nejakého zločinu vyžadujú sa aspoň dvaja svedkovia. Toto sa predtým vzťahovalo len na dokazovanie vraždy (17,6; Nm 35,30), teraz sa to rozširuje na všetky zločiny. Zákon odvety v tom čase stále platí!

Dt 19,16-21 - Porov. Ex 23,1–9; Lv 19,15 n. Krivý svedok značí aj falošného žalobcu, aj krivého svedka. Obidvoch trestali podľa zákona odvety (Ex 21,23; Lv 24,20). Takto sa skrivodlivosť trestala už dávno predtým aj v Babylonsku (Codex Hamurapiho § 3 a 4).