Verš 1
I am speaking the truth in Christ; I am not lying. My conscience offers testimony to me in the Holy Spirit,
Rim 1:9 - For God is my witness, whom I serve in my spirit by the Gospel of his Son, that without ceasing I have kept a remembrance of you
2Kor 1:23 - But I call God as a witness to my soul, that I was lenient with you, in that I did not return to Corinth:
2Kor 11:31 - The God and Father of our Lord Jesus Christ, who is blessed forever, knows that I am not lying.
Gal 1:20 - Now what I am writing to you: behold, before God, I am not lying.
Flp 1:8 - For God is my witness how, within the heart of Jesus Christ, I long for all of you.
1Sol 2:5 - And neither did we, at any time, become flattering in speech, as you know, nor did we seek an opportunity for avarice, as God is witness.
1Sol 5:27 - I bind you, through the Lord, that this epistle is to be read to all the holy brothers.
Verš 3
For I was desiring that I myself might be anathemized from Christ, for the sake of my brothers, who are my kinsmen according to the flesh.
Ex 32:32 - or, if you do not, then delete me from the book that you have written.”
Rim 10:1 - Brothers, certainly the will of my heart, and my prayer to God, is for them unto salvation.
Verš 4
These are the Israelites, to whom belongs adoption as sons, and the glory and the testament, and the giving and following of the law, and the promises.
Dt 7:6 - For you are a holy people to the Lord your God. The Lord your God has chosen you so that you would be his particular people out of all the peoples who are upon the earth.
Rim 2:17 - But if you are called by name a Jew, and you rest upon the law, and you find glory in God,
Rim 3:2 - Much in every way: First of all, certainly, because the eloquence of God was entrusted to them.
Ef 2:12 - and that you were, in that time, without Christ, being foreign to the way of life of Israel, being visitors to the testament, having no hope of the promise, and being without God in this world.
Verš 5
Theirs are the fathers, and from them, according to the flesh, is the Christ, who is over all things, blessed God, for all eternity. Amen.
Jer 23:6 - In those days, Judah will be saved, and Israel will live in confidence. And this is the name that they will call him: ‘The Lord, our Just One.’
Jn 1:1 - In the beginning was the Word, and the Word was with God, and God was the Word.
Sk 20:28 - Take care of yourselves and of the entire flock, over which the Holy Spirit has stationed you as Bishops to rule the Church of God, which he has purchased by his own blood.
Rim 1:4 - the Son of God, who was predestined in virtue according to the Spirit of sanctification from the resurrection of the dead, our Lord Jesus Christ,
Heb 1:8 - But about the Son: “Your throne, O God, is forever and ever. The scepter of your kingdom is a scepter of equity.
Verš 6
But it is not that the Word of God has perished. For not all those who are Israelites are of Israel.
Nm 23:19 - God is not like a man, so that he would lie, nor is he like a son of man, so that he would be changed. Therefore, having spoken, will he not act? Has he ever spoken, and not fulfilled?
Rim 3:3 - But what if some of them have not believed? Shall their unbelief nullify the faith of God? Let it not be so!
2Tim 2:13 - If we are unfaithful, he remains faithful: he is not able to deny himself.
Jn 8:39 - They responded and said to him, “Abraham is our father.” Jesus said to them: “If you are the sons of Abraham, then do the works of Abraham.
Rim 2:28 - For a Jew is not he who seems so outwardly. Neither is circumcision that which seems so outwardly, in the flesh.
Verš 7
And not all sons are the offspring of Abraham: “For your offspring will be invoked in Isaac.”
Gal 4:23 - And he who was of the servant was born according to the flesh. But he who was of the free woman was born by the promise.
Gn 21:12 - And God said to him: “Let it not seem harsh to you concerning the boy and your woman servant. In all that Sarah has said to you, listen to her voice. For your offspring will be invoked in Isaac.
Gal 3:29 - And if you are Christ’s, then are you the offspring of Abraham, heirs according to the promise.
Heb 11:18 - To him, it was said, “Through Isaac, shall your offspring be summoned,”
Verš 8
In other words, those who are the sons of God are not those who are sons of the flesh, but those who are sons of the Promise; these are considered to be the offspring.
Gal 4:28 - Now we, brothers, like Isaac, are sons of the promise.
Verš 9
For the word of promise is this: “I will return at the proper time. And there shall be a son for Sarah.”
Gn 18:10 - And he said to him, “When returning, I will come to you at this time, with life as a companion, and your wife Sarah will have a son.” Hearing this, Sarah laughed behind the door of the tent.
Verš 10
And she was not alone. For Rebecca also, having conceived by Isaac our father, from one act,
Gn 25:21 - And Isaac beseeched the Lord on behalf of his wife, because she was barren. And he heard him, and he gave conception to Rebekah.
Verš 12
and not because of deeds, but because of a calling, it was said to her: “The elder shall serve the younger.”
Gn 25:23 - And responding, he said, “Two nations are in your womb, and two peoples will be divided out of your womb, and one people will overcome the other people, and the elder will serve the younger.”
Verš 13
So also it was written: “I have loved Jacob, but I have hated Esau.”
Mal 1:2 - I have loved you, says the Lord, and you have said, “In what way have you loved us?” Was not Esau brother to Jacob, says the Lord? And have I not loved Jacob,
Verš 14
What should we say next? Is there unfairness with God? Let it not be so!
Dt 32:4 - The works of God are perfect, and all his ways are judgments. God is faithful and without any iniquity. He is just and upright.
2Krn 19:7 - Let the fear of the Lord be with you, and do all things with diligence. For there is no iniquity with the Lord our God, nor respect of persons, nor desire for gifts.”
Jób 34:10 - Therefore, prudent men, hear me: impiety is far from God, and iniquity is far from the Almighty.
Verš 15
For to Moses he says: “I will pity whomever I pity. And I will offer mercy to whomever I will pity.”
Ex 33:19 - He responded: “I will show you all that is good, and I will call out with the name of the Lord before you. And I will take pity on whomever I will, and I will be lenient to whomever it will please me.”
Verš 17
For Scripture says to the Pharaoh: “I have raised you up for this purpose, so that I may reveal my power by you, and so that my name may be announced to all the earth.”
Ex 9:16 - But it was for this reason that I appointed you, so that I may reveal my strength by you, and so that my name may be described throughout all the earth.
Verš 20
O man, who are you to question God? How can the thing that has been formed say to the One who formed him: “Why have you made me this way?”
Iz 45:9 - Woe to him who contradicts his Maker, a mere shard from an earthen vessel! Should the clay say to the potter, “What are you making?” or, “Your work is not made by your hands?”
Jer 18:6 - “Am I not able to do with you, O house of Israel, just as this potter has done, says the Lord? Behold, like clay in the hand of 437 the potter, so are you in my hand, O house of Israel.
Verš 21
And does not the potter have the authority over the clay to make, from the same material, indeed, one vessel unto honor, yet truly another unto disgrace?
2Tim 2:20 - But, in a large house, there are not only vessels of gold and of silver, but also those of wood and of clay; and certainly some are held in honor, but others in dishonor.
Verš 25
just as he says in Hosea: “I will call those who were not my people, ‘my people,’ and she who was not beloved, ‘beloved,’ and she who had not obtained mercy, ‘one who has obtained mercy.’
Oz 2:23 - And I will plant her for me in the land, and I will have mercy on her, though she had been called Without Mercy.
Verš 26
And this shall be: in the place where it was said to them, ‘You are not my people,’ there they shall be called the sons of the living God.”
Oz 1:10 - And the number of the sons of Israel will be like the sand of the sea, which is without measure and cannot be numbered. And in the place where it will be said to them, ‘You are not my people,’ this will happen: it will be said to them, ‘You are the sons of the living God.’
1Pt 2:10 - Though in past times you were not a people, yet now you are the people of God. Though you had not obtained mercy, yet now you have obtained mercy.
Verš 27
And Isaiah cried out on behalf of Israel: “When the number of the sons of Israel is like the sand of the sea, a remnant shall be saved.
Iz 10:22 - For though your people, O Israel, will be like the sand of the sea, yet only a remnant of them will be converted. The consummation, having been shortened, will be inundated with justice.
Verš 29
And it is just as Isaiah predicted: “Unless the Lord of hosts had bequeathed offspring, we would have become like Sodom, and we would have been made similar to Gomorrah.”
Iz 1:9 - If the Lord of hosts had not bequeathed us offspring, we would have been like Sodom, and we would have been comparable to Gomorrah.
Gn 19:24 - Therefore, the Lord rained upon Sodom and Gomorrah sulphur and fire, from the Lord, out of heaven.
Iz 13:19 - And then Babylon, the glorious one among kingdoms, that famous pride of the Chaldeans, will be destroyed, even as the Lord destroyed Sodom and Gomorrah.
Jer 50:40 - Just as the Lord overthrew Sodom and Gomorrah, and their neighboring towns, says the Lord, no man will live there, and a son of man will not tend it.
Ez 16:46 - And your older sister is Samaria, she and her daughters are those who live to your left. But your younger sister, who lives to your right, is Sodom and her daughters.
Verš 31
Yet truly, Israel, though following the law of justice, has not arrived at the law of justice.
Rim 10:2 - For I offer testimony to them, that they have a zeal for God, but not according to knowledge.
Rim 11:7 - What is next? What Israel was seeking, he has not obtained. But the elect have obtained it. And truly, these others have been blinded,
Verš 33
just as it was written: “Behold, I am placing a stumbling block in Zion, and a rock of scandal. But whoever believes in him shall not be confounded.”
Ž 118:22 - Take me away from disgrace and contempt, for I have sought your testimonies.
Iz 8:14 - And so shall he be a sanctification to you. But he will be a stone of offense and a rock of scandal to the two houses of Israel, and a snare and a ruin to the inhabitants of Jerusalem.
Iz 28:16 - For this reason, thus says the Lord God: Behold, I will set a stone within the foundations of Zion, a tested stone, a cornerstone, a precious stone, which has been established in the foundation: whoever trusts in him need not hurry.
Mt 21:42 - Jesus said to them: “Have you never read in the Scriptures: ‘The stone that the builders have rejected has become the cornerstone. By the Lord has this been done, and it is wonderful in our eyes?’
1Pt 2:6 - Because of this, Scripture asserts: “Behold, I am setting in Zion a chief cornerstone, elect, precious. And whoever will have believed in him will not be confounded.”
Ž 2:12 - Embrace discipline, lest at any time the Lord might become angry, and you would perish from the way of the just.
Prís 16:20 - The learned in word shall find good things. And whoever hopes in the Lord is blessed.
Iz 28:16 - For this reason, thus says the Lord God: Behold, I will set a stone within the foundations of Zion, a tested stone, a cornerstone, a precious stone, which has been established in the foundation: whoever trusts in him need not hurry.
Jer 17:7 - Blessed is the man who trusts in the Lord, for the Lord will be his confidence.
Rim 9,1-5 - V úvode tejto časti Apoštol vyjadruje veľkú bolesť nad neverou Židov a vrúcnu túžbu po ich spáse, pričom uznáva ich prednosti a výsady.
Rim 9,3 - Paradoxné vyjadrenie, ktoré zvýrazňuje bezhraničnú lásku Apoštola k svojim súkmeňovcom Izraelitom.
Rim 9,4-5 - "Sú Izraeliti," t. j. majú meno, ktoré dal Boh praotcovi Jakubovi, a z toho pochádzajúce ďalšie privilégiá: adoptívne synovstvo, ktorým sa vyvolený národ stal "prvorodeným" Božím synom (Ex 4, 22); "slávu", ktorou Boh prebýval uprostred svojho ľudu; "zmluvy" s Abrahámom (Gn 15, 1; 15, 17; 17, 1), s Jakubom, Izraelom (Gn 32, 23), s Mojžišom (Ex 24, 7–8), s Dávidom (2 Sam 7, 11–16; Ž 89, 29); zákonodarstvo, ktoré je výrazom Božej vôle; pravú bohoslužbu; mesiášske prisľúbenia; patriarchov, ktorým sa zjavil Boh, a najmä privilégium, že z ich rodu pochádza Kristus.
Rim 9,7 - Pozri Gn 21, 12. Vyvoleným ľudom sú tí, čo sa vierou podobajú Abrahámovi, to je Abrahámovo pokolenie (Gal 3, 7).
Rim 9,8 - Porov. Gal 4, 23. 28.
Rim 9,9 - Gn 18, 10.
Rim 9,12-13 - Pozri Gn 25, 23; Mal 1, 2–3. Prorokovo slovo treba chápať v duchu biblickej hebrejskej reči, kde tento zvrat znamená menej milovať, nedávať prednosť, teda "viac som miloval Jakuba ako Ezaua".
Rim 9,14-18 - Boh je vo svojich rozhodnutiach zvrchovane slobodný. Preto nik nemôže povedať, že je nespravodlivý, keď si vyvolí, koho chce.
Rim 9,15 - Ex 33, 19.
Rim 9,16 - "Beží", t. j. kto sa namáha.
Rim 9,17 - Ex 9, 16.
Rim 9,18 - "Zatvrdzuje, koho chce." V duchu semitizmu Pavol tu pripisuje skutky ľudí predovšetkým Bohu ako prvej príčine. Tým však nemieni pripisovať zlobu skutkov Bohu, ale iba zdôrazniť, že Boh uskutočňuje svoj plán spásy nezávisle od úmyslu ľudí pri ich konaní.
Rim 9,19-21 - Boh je zvrchovaný Pán všetkých bytostí. Pavol tu voľne cituje Iz 29, 16; 45, 9; Múd 12, 12; Jer 18, 6; Sir 33, 13.
Rim 9,22-24 - Nemožno teda nič namietať, ak sa Boh rozhodol, že spravodlivo potresce zaťatých Židov, voči ktorým bol doteraz zhovievavý. A práve tak spravodlivo si počína, keď sa zmilúva nad tými Židmi a pohanmi, ktorí sa otvárajú Kristovmu evanjeliu a ktorých pripravuje na večnú spásu.
Rim 9,22 - "Nádoby hnevu", t. j. hriešnici.
Rim 9,23 - "Nádoby milosrdenstva", t. j. tí, ktorým chce preukázať milosrdenstvo.
Rim 9,25-29 - Pavol citátmi z prorokov dokazuje, že povolanie pohanov je úplne zdarma daným Božím darom, ako aj to, že zvyšok Izraela, verný Pánovi, bude zachránený.
Rim 9,25 - Oz 2, 23–24; 1 Pt 2, 10.
Rim 9,26 - Oz 2, 1.
Rim 9,27 - Oz 2, 1; Iz 10, 22–23.
Rim 9,32 - Porov. Iz 28, 16.
Rim 9,33 - Iz 8, 14.
