Evanjelium podľa Jána

Biblia - Sväté písmo

(CPDV - Anglický - Catholic PD)

Jn 19, 1-42

1 Therefore, Pilate then took Jesus into custody and scourged him. 2 And the soldiers, plaiting a crown of thorns, imposed it on his head. And they put a purple garment around him. 3 And they were approaching him and saying, “Hail, king of the Jews!” And they struck him repeatedly. 4 Then Pilate went outside again, and he said to them: “Behold, I am bringing him out to you, so that you may realize that I find no case against him.” 5 (Then Jesus went out, bearing the crown of thorns and the purple garment.) And he said to them, “Behold the man.” 6 Therefore, when the high priests and the attendants had seen him, they cried out, saying: “Crucify him! Crucify him!” Pilate said to them: “Take him yourselves and crucify him. For I find no case against him.” 7 The Jews answered him, “We have a law, and according to the law, he ought to die, for he has made himself the Son of God.” 8 Therefore, when Pilate had heard this word, he was more fearful. 9 And he entered into the praetorium again. And he said to Jesus. “Where are you from?” But Jesus gave him no response. 10 Therefore, Pilate said to him: “Will you not speak to me? Do you not know that I have authority to crucify you, and I have authority to release you?” 11 Jesus responded, “You would not have any authority over me, unless it were given to you from above. For this reason, he who has handed me over to you has the greater sin.” 12 And from then on, Pilate was seeking to release him. But the Jews were crying out, saying: “If you release this man, you are no friend of Caesar. For anyone who makes himself a king contradicts Caesar.” 13 Now when Pilate had heard these words, he brought Jesus outside, and he sat down in the seat of judgment, in a place which is called the Pavement, but in Hebrew, it is called the Elevation. 14 Now it was the preparation day of the Passover, about the sixth hour. And he said to the Jews, “Behold your king.” 15 But they were crying out: “Take him away! Take him away! Crucify him!” Pilate said to them, “Shall I crucify your king?” The high priests responded, “We have no king except Caesar.” 16 Therefore, he then handed him over to them to be crucified. And they took Jesus and led him away. 17 And carrying his own cross, he went forth to the place which is called Calvary, but in Hebrew it is called the Place of the Skull. 18 There they crucified him, and with him two others, one on each side, with Jesus in the middle. 19 Then Pilate also wrote a title, and he set it above the cross. And it was written: JESUS THE NAZARENE, KING OF THE JEWS. 20 Therefore, many of the Jews read this title, for the place where Jesus was crucified was close to the city. And it was written in Hebrew, in Greek, and in Latin. 21 Then the high priests of the Jews said to Pilate: Do not write, ‘King of the Jews,’ but that he said, ‘I am King of the Jews.’ 22 Pilate responded, “What I have written, I have written.” 23 Then the soldiers, when they had crucified him, took his garments, and they made four parts, one part to each soldier, and the tunic. But the tunic was seamless, woven from above throughout the whole. 24 Then they said to one another, “Let us not cut it, but instead let us cast lots over it, to see whose it will be.” This was so that the Scripture would be fulfilled, saying: “They have distributed my garments among themselves, and for my vesture they have cast lots.” And indeed, the soldiers did these things. 25 And standing beside the cross of Jesus were his mother, and his mother’s sister, and Mary of Cleophas, and Mary Magdalene. 26 Therefore, when Jesus had seen his mother and the disciple whom he loved standing near, he said to his mother, “Woman, behold your son.” 27 Next, he said to the disciple, “Behold your mother.” And from that hour, the disciple accepted her as his own. 28 After this, Jesus knew that all had been accomplished, so in order that the Scripture might be completed, he said, “I thirst.” 29 And there was a container placed there, full of vinegar. Then, placing a sponge full of vinegar around hyssop, they brought it to his mouth. 30 Then Jesus, when he had received the vinegar, said: “It is consummated.” And bowing down his head, he surrendered his spirit. 31 Then the Jews, because it was the preparation day, so that the bodies would not remain upon the cross on the Sabbath (for that Sabbath was a great day), they petitioned Pilate in order that their legs might be broken, and they might be taken away. 32 Therefore, the soldiers approached, and, indeed, they broke the legs of the first one, and of the other who was crucified with him. 33 But after they had approached Jesus, when they saw that he was already dead, they did not break his legs. 34 Instead, one of the soldiers opened his side with a lance, and immediately there went out blood and water. 35 And he who saw this has offered testimony, and his testimony is true. And he knows that he speaks the truth, so that you also may 628 believe. 36 For these things happened so that the Scripture would be fulfilled: “You shall not break a bone of him.” 37 And again, another Scripture says: “They shall look upon him, whom they have pierced.” 38 Then, after these things, Joseph from Arimathea, (because he was a disciple of Jesus, but a secret one for fear of the Jews) petitioned Pilate so that he might take away the body of Jesus. And Pilate gave permission. Therefore, he went and took away the body of Jesus. 39 Now Nicodemus also arrived, (who had gone to Jesus at first by night) bringing a mixture of myrrh and aloe, weighing about seventy pounds. 40 Therefore, they took the body of Jesus, and they bound it with linen cloths and the aromatic spices, just as it is the manner of the Jews to bury. 41 Now in the place where he was crucified there was a garden, and in the garden there was a new tomb, in which no one had yet been laid. 42 Therefore, because of the preparation day of the Jews, since the tomb was nearby, they placed Jesus there.

Verš 1

Therefore, Pilate then took Jesus into custody and scourged him.

Mt 27:26 - Then he released Barabbas to them. But Jesus, having been scourged, he handed over to them, so that he would be crucified.

Mk 15:15 - Then Pilate, wishing to satisfy the people, released Barabbas to them, and he delivered Jesus, having severely scourged him, to be crucified.

Verš 34

Instead, one of the soldiers opened his side with a lance, and immediately there went out blood and water.

1Jn 5:6 - This is the One who came by water and blood: Jesus Christ. Not by water only, but by water and blood. And the Spirit is the One who testifies that the Christ is the Truth.

Verš 36

For these things happened so that the Scripture would be fulfilled: “You shall not break a bone of him.”

Ex 12:46 - In one house it shall be eaten; you shall not carry its flesh outside, nor shall you break its bone.

Nm 9:12 - They shall not leave behind any of it until morning, and they shall not break a bone of it; they shall observe all the rituals of the Passover.

Verš 37

And again, another Scripture says: “They shall look upon him, whom they have pierced.”

Za 12:10 - And I will pour out upon the house of David and upon the inhabitants of Jerusalem, the spirit of grace and of prayers. And they will look upon me, whom they have pierced, and they will mourn for him as one mourns for an only son, and they will feel sorrow over him, as one would be sorrowful at the death of a firstborn.

Verš 38

Then, after these things, Joseph from Arimathea, (because he was a disciple of Jesus, but a secret one for fear of the Jews) petitioned Pilate so that he might take away the body of Jesus. And Pilate gave permission. Therefore, he went and took away the body of Jesus.

Mt 27:57 - Then, when evening had arrived, a certain wealthy man from Arimathea, named Joseph, arrived, who himself was also a disciple of Jesus.

Mk 15:42 - And when evening had now arrived (because it was the Preparation Day, which is before the Sabbath)

Lk 23:50 - And behold, there was a man named Joseph, who was a councilman, a good and just man,

Jn 12:42 - Yet truly, many of the leaders also believed in him. But because of the Pharisees, they did not confess him, so that they would not be cast out of the synagogue.

Verš 7

The Jews answered him, “We have a law, and according to the law, he ought to die, for he has made himself the Son of God.”

Lv 24:16 - and whoever will have blasphemed the name of the Lord shall be put to death. The entire multitude shall overwhelm him with stones, whether he be a citizen or a sojourner. Whoever blasphemes the name of the Lord shall be put to death.

Jn 5:18 - And so, because of this, the Jews were seeking to kill him even more so. For not only did he break the Sabbath, but he even said that God was his Father, making himself equal to God.

Jn 10:33 - The Jews answered him: “We do not stone you for a good work, but for blasphemy and because, though you are a man, you make yourself God.”

Verš 39

Now Nicodemus also arrived, (who had gone to Jesus at first by night) bringing a mixture of myrrh and aloe, weighing about seventy pounds.

Jn 3:1 - Now there was a man among the Pharisees, named Nicodemus, a leader of the Jews.

Jn 7:50 - Nicodemus, the one who came to him by night and who was one of them, said to them,

Verš 12

And from then on, Pilate was seeking to release him. But the Jews were crying out, saying: “If you release this man, you are no friend of Caesar. For anyone who makes himself a king contradicts Caesar.”

Sk 17:7 - and Jason has received them. And all these men act contrary to the decrees of Caesar, saying that there is another king, Jesus.”

Verš 15

But they were crying out: “Take him away! Take him away! Crucify him!” Pilate said to them, “Shall I crucify your king?” The high priests responded, “We have no king except Caesar.”

Gn 49:10 - The scepter from Judah and the leader from his thigh will not be taken away, until he who will be sent arrives, and he will be the expectation of Gentiles.

Verš 16

Therefore, he then handed him over to them to be crucified. And they took Jesus and led him away.

Mt 27:26 - Then he released Barabbas to them. But Jesus, having been scourged, he handed over to them, so that he would be crucified.

Mk 15:22 - And they led him through to the place called Golgotha, which means, ‘the Place of Calvary.’

Lk 23:24 - And so Pilate issued a judgment granting their petition.

Verš 17

And carrying his own cross, he went forth to the place which is called Calvary, but in Hebrew it is called the Place of the Skull.

Mt 27:31 - And after they had mocked him, they stripped him of the cloak, and clothed him with his own garments, and they led him away to crucify him.

Mt 27:33 - And they arrived at the place which is called Golgotha, which is the place of Calvary.

Mk 15:22 - And they led him through to the place called Golgotha, which means, ‘the Place of Calvary.’

Lk 23:26 - And as they were leading him away, they apprehended a certain one, Simon of Cyrene, as he was returning from the countryside. And they imposed the cross on him to carry after Jesus.

Lk 23:33 - And when they arrived at the place that is called Calvary, they crucified him there, with the robbers, one to the right and the other to the left.

Verš 19

Then Pilate also wrote a title, and he set it above the cross. And it was written: JESUS THE NAZARENE, KING OF THE JEWS.

Mt 27:37 - And they set his accusation above his head, written as: THIS IS JESUS, KING OF THE JEWS.

Mk 15:26 - And the title of his case was written as: THE KING OF THE JEWS.

Lk 23:38 - Now there was also an inscription written over him in letters of Greek, and Latin, and Hebrew: THIS IS THE KING OF THE JEWS.

Verš 23

Then the soldiers, when they had crucified him, took his garments, and they made four parts, one part to each soldier, and the tunic. But the tunic was seamless, woven from above throughout the whole.

Mt 27:35 - Then, after they had crucified him, they divided his garments, casting lots, in order to fulfill what was spoken by the prophet, saying: “They divided my garments among them, and over my vestment they cast lots.”

Mk 15:24 - And while crucifying him, they divided his garments, casting lots over them, to see who would take what.

Lk 23:34 - Then Jesus said, “Father, forgive them. For they know not what they do.” And truly, dividing his garments, they cast lots.

Verš 24

Then they said to one another, “Let us not cut it, but instead let us cast lots over it, to see whose it will be.” This was so that the Scripture would be fulfilled, saying: “They have distributed my garments among themselves, and for my vesture they have cast lots.” And indeed, the soldiers did these things.

Ž 22:18 -

Verš 25

And standing beside the cross of Jesus were his mother, and his mother’s sister, and Mary of Cleophas, and Mary Magdalene.

Mt 27:55 - And in that place, there were many women, at a distance, who had followed Jesus from Galilee, ministering to him.

Mk 15:40 - Now there were also women watching from a distance, among whom were Mary Magdalene, and Mary the mother of James the younger and of Joseph, and Salome,

Lk 23:49 - Now all those who knew him, and the women who had followed him from Galilee, were standing at a distance, watching these things.

Verš 28

After this, Jesus knew that all had been accomplished, so in order that the Scripture might be completed, he said, “I thirst.”

Ž 69:21 -

Verš 29

And there was a container placed there, full of vinegar. Then, placing a sponge full of vinegar around hyssop, they brought it to his mouth.

Mt 27:48 - And one of them, running quickly, took a sponge and filled it with vinegar, and he set it on a reed and he gave it to him to drink.

Verš 30

Then Jesus, when he had received the vinegar, said: “It is consummated.” And bowing down his head, he surrendered his spirit.

Jn 17:4 - I have glorified you on earth. I have completed the work that you gave me to accomplish.

Jn 19,1-16 - Mt 27, 22-31; Mk 15, 15-20; Lk 23, 24-25.

Jn 19,7 - Porov. Lv 24, 15 a n.

Jn 19,11 - Každý, kto je poverený zodpovedným úradom, musí Bohu účtovať, či verne a svedomite vykonával svoje povinnosti a či nezneužil svoje práva. - Židia, najmä ich predstavitelia, majú väčšiu vinu než Pilát, lebo mohli a mali vedieť, kto je Ježiš. - Pilát už predtým cítil akýsi vnútorný nepokoj alebo obavu, že napriek presvedčeniu o jeho nevine dal Krista stýrať ako zločinca. Teraz však, keď počul, že sa robí Božím Synom, bál sa ešte viac. Možno ho znepokojovala myšlienka, že by to azda predsa mohol byť nejaký boh v ľudskej podobe, alebo nejaký poloboh, takže keby ho odsúdil, zvolal by na seba trest a božskú pomstu.

Jn 19,16-30 - Mt 27, 31-50; Mk 15, 20-37; Lk 23, 26-46.Ján neopisuje krížovú cestu. Uvádza iba dva základné a isté body: vládnu budovu, odkiaľ sa sprievod pohol, a Golgotu, kde Ježiša ukrižovali; no pritom zaznamenáva veci celkom nové, prípadne podrobnejšie opisuje už známe.

Jn 19,24 - Ž 22, 19.

Jn 19,25 - Nevie sa, či ide o tri, alebo štyri ženy. Ak sa za sestru "jeho matky" berie Mária Kleopasova, tak sú tri.

Jn 19,28 - Ž 22, 16.

Jn 19,29 - Porov. Ž 69, 22. - Ocot (vlastne kyslé víno) zmiešaný s myrhou dávali piť odsúdeným na trest smrti, aby sa omámili a aby sa im tak zmiernili bolesti.

Jn 19,31-37 - "Prípravný deň" rozumej prípravný deň na sobotu, ale súčasne aj na Veľkú noc. Polámanie kostí malo urýchliť smrť.

Jn 19,34 - Vojak prebodol srdce naozaj odborne. Úder šiel z pravej strany cez pľúca do srdca. Šlo rozhodne o smrteľnú ranu. Svätopisec tvrdí, že z prebodnutého boku vyšla krv a voda. Dôkladnejšie lekárske výskumy dokázali nielen možnosť, ale priamo potvrdili pravdivosť tohto úkazu: u ľudí, ktorí sa dlho trápia v prudkých smrteľných mukách, sa v osrdcovníku tvorí sérum naoko podobné vode.

Jn 19,36 - Ex 12, 46; Nm 9, 12; Ž 34, 21.V Ex 12, 46 a v Nm 9, 12 je reč o veľkonočnom baránkovi, ktorý je predobrazom Krista.

Jn 19,37 - Zach 12, 10.Krv potvrdzuje skutočnosť obety baránka, obetovaného za život sveta (6, 51), a voda, symbol Ducha, jej duchovnú plodnosť. Mnohí otcovia, nie bez dôvodu, videli vo vode symbol krstu a v krvi symbol Eucharistie, a v obidvoch týchto sviatostiach znamenie Cirkvi, novú Evu zrodenú z nového Adama (porov. Ef 5, 23-32).

Jn 19,38-42 - Mt 27, 57-61; Mk 15, 42-47; Lk 23, 50-56.

Jn 19,42 - Museli sa ponáhľať, aby ešte pred začiatkom veľkonočných sviatkov (sviatočný deň sa začínal už večer) boli s pochovávaním hotoví.