Verš 2
saying: “The scribes and the Pharisees have sat down in the chair of Moses.
Neh 8:4 - Then Ezra the scribe stood upon a step of wood, which he had made for speaking. And standing beside him were Mattithiah, and Shemaiah, and Anaiah, and Uriah, and Hilkiah, and Maaseiah, on his right. And on the left were Pedaiah, Mishael, and Malchijah, and Hashum, and Hashbaddanah, Zechariah, and Meshullam.
Verš 3
Therefore, all things whatsoever that they shall say to you, observe and do. Yet truly, do not choose to act according to their works. For they say, but they do not do.
Dt 17:19 - And he shall have it with him, and he shall read it all the days of his life, so that he may learn to fear the Lord his God, and to keep his words and ceremonies, which are instructed in the law.
Mal 2:6 - The law of truth was in his mouth, and iniquity was not found on his lips. He walked with me in peace and integrity, and he turned away many from iniquity.
Rim 2:19 - you become confident within yourself that you are a guide to the blind, a light to those who are in darkness,
Verš 4
For they bind up heavy and unbearable burdens, and they impose them on men’s shoulders. But they are not willing to move them with even a finger of their own.
Iz 10:1 - Woe to those who make unfair laws, and who, when writing, write injustice:
Lk 11:46 - So he said: “And woe to you experts in the law! For you weigh men down with burdens which they are not able to bear, but you yourselves do not touch the weight with even one of your fingers.
Sk 15:10 - Now therefore, why do you tempt God to impose a yoke upon the necks of the disciples, which neither our fathers nor we have been able to bear?
Verš 5
Truly, they do all their works so that they may be seen by men. For they enlarge their phylacteries and glorify their hems.
Mt 6:5 - And when you pray, you should not be like the hypocrites, who love standing in the synagogues and at the corners of the streets to pray, so that they may be seen by men. Amen I say to you, they have received their reward.
Dt 6:8 - And you shall bind them like a sign on your hand, and they shall be placed and shall move between your eyes.
Dt 22:12 - You shall make strings along the hem, at the four corners of your cloak, which covers you.
Verš 6
And they love the first places at feasts, and the first chairs in the synagogues,
Mk 12:38 - And he said to them in his doctrine: “Beware of the scribes, who prefer to walk in long robes and to be greeted in the marketplace,
Lk 11:43 - Woe to you, Pharisees! For you love the first seats in the synagogues, and greetings in the marketplace.
Lk 20:46 - “Be cautious of the scribes, who choose to walk in long robes, and who love greetings in the marketplace, and the first chairs in the synagogues, and the first places at table during feasts,
Verš 7
and greetings in the marketplace, and to be called Master by men.
Jak 3:1 - My brothers, not many of you should choose to become teachers, knowing that you shall receive a stricter judgment.
Verš 9
And do not choose to call anyone on earth your father. For One is your Father, who is in heaven.
Mal 1:6 - The son honors the father, and the servant his master. If, therefore, I am Father, where is my honor? And if I am Master, where is my fear? says the Lord of hosts to you, O priests, who despise my name. And you have said, “In what way, have we despised your name?”
Verš 11
Whoever is greater among you shall be your minister.
Mt 20:26 - It shall not be this way among you. But whoever will want to be greater among you, let him be your minister.
Verš 12
But whoever has exalted himself, shall be humbled. And whoever has humbled himself, shall be exalted.
Jób 22:29 - For he who had been humbled, will be in glory; and he who will lower his eyes, will be the one saved.
Prís 29:23 - Humiliation follows the arrogant. And glory shall uphold the humble in spirit.
Lk 14:11 - For everyone who exalts himself shall be humbled, and whoever humbles himself shall be exalted.”
Lk 18:14 - I say to you, this one descended to his house justified, but not the other. For everyone who exalts himself will be humbled; and whoever humbles himself will be exalted.”
Jak 4:6 - But he gives a greater grace. Therefore he says: “God resists the arrogant, but he gives grace to the humble.”
Jak 4:10 - Be humbled in the sight of the Lord, and he will exalt you.
1Pt 5:5 - Similarly, young persons, be subject to the elders. And infuse all humility among one another, for God resists the arrogant, but to the humble he gives grace.
Verš 13
So then: Woe to you, scribes and Pharisees, you hypocrites! For you close the kingdom of heaven before men. For you yourselves do not enter, and those who are entering, you would not permit to enter.
Lk 11:52 - Woe to you, experts in the law! For you have taken away the key of knowledge. You yourselves do not enter, and those who were entering, you would have prohibited.”
Verš 14
Woe to you scribes and Pharisees, you hypocrites! For you consume the houses of widows, praying long prayers. Because of this, you shall receive the greater judgment.
Mk 12:40 - who devour the houses of widows under the pretense of long prayers. These shall receive the more extensive judgment.”
Lk 20:47 - who devour the houses of widows, feigning long prayers. These will receive the greater damnation.”
2Tim 3:6 - For among these are ones who penetrate houses and lead away, like captives, foolish women burdened with sins, who are led away by means of various desires,
Tít 1:11 - These must be reproved, for they subvert entire houses, teaching things which should not be taught, for the favor of shameful gain.
Verš 19
How blind you are! For which is greater: the gift, or the altar that sanctifies the gift?
Ex 29:37 - For seven days, you shall expiate and sanctify the altar, and it shall be the Holy of holies. All those who will touch it must be sanctified.
Verš 21
And whoever will have sworn by the temple, swears by it, and by him who dwells in it.
1Kr 8:13 - Building, I have built a house as your dwelling place, your most firm throne forever.”
2Krn 6:1 - Then Solomon said: “The Lord has promised that he would dwell in a cloud.
Verš 22
And whoever swears by heaven, swears by the throne of God, and by him who sits upon it.
2Krn 6:33 - you will heed him from heaven, your most firm habitation, and you will accomplish all the things about which this sojourner will have called out to you, so that all the people of the earth may know your name, and may fear you, just as your people Israel do, and so that they may know that your name is invoked over this house, which I have built.
Iz 66:1 - Thus says the Lord: Heaven is my throne, and the earth is my footstool. What is this house that you would build for me? And what is this place of my rest?
Mt 5:34 - But I say to you, do not swear an oath at all, neither by heaven, for it is the throne of God,
Sk 7:49 - ‘Heaven is my throne, and the earth is my footstool. What kind of house would you build for me? says the Lord. And which is my resting place?
Verš 23
Woe to you, scribes and Pharisees, you hypocrites! For you collect tithes on mint and dill and cumin, but you have abandoned the weightier things of the law: judgment and mercy and faith. These you ought to have done, while not omitting the others.
Lk 11:42 - But woe to you, Pharisees! For you tithe mint and rue and every herb, but you ignore judgment and the charity of God. But these things you ought to have done, without omitting the others.
1Sam 15:22 - And Samuel said: “Does the Lord want holocausts and victims, and not instead that the voice of the Lord should be obeyed? For obedience is better than sacrifice. And to heed is greater than to offer the fat of rams.
Oz 6:6 - For I desired mercy and not sacrifice, and knowledge of God more than holocausts.
Mi 6:8 - I will reveal to you, O man, what is good, and what the Lord requires from you, and how to act with judgment, and to love mercy, and to walk carefully with your God.
Mt 9:13 - So then, go out and learn what this means: ‘I desire mercy and not sacrifice.’ For I have not come to call the just, but sinners.”
Mt 12:7 - And if you knew what this means, ‘I desire mercy, and not sacrifice,’ you would never have condemned the innocent.
Verš 25
Woe to you, scribes and Pharisees, you hypocrites! For you clean what is outside the cup and the dish, but on the inside you are full of avarice and impurity.
Lk 11:39 - And the Lord said to him: “You Pharisees today clean what is outside the cup and the plate, but what is inside of you is full of plunder and iniquity.
Verš 26
You blind Pharisee! First clean the inside of the cup and the dish, and then what 578 is outside becomes clean.
Tít 1:15 - All things are clean to those who are clean. But to those who are defiled, and to unbelievers, nothing is clean; for both their mind and their conscience have been polluted.
Verš 27
Woe to you, scribes and Pharisees, you hypocrites! For you are like whitewashed sepulchers, which outwardly appear brilliant to men, yet truly, inside, they are filled with the bones of the dead and with all filth.
Sk 23:3 - Then Paul said to him: “God shall strike you, you whitewashed wall! For would you sit and judge me according to the law, when, contrary to the law, you order me to be struck?”
Verš 29
Woe to you, scribes and Pharisees, you hypocrites, who build the sepulchers of the prophets and adorn the monuments of the just.
Lk 11:47 - Woe to you, who build the tombs of the prophets, while it is your fathers who killed them!
Verš 31
And so you are witnesses against yourselves, that you are the sons of those who killed the prophets.
Sk 7:51 - Stiff-necked and uncircumcised in heart and ears, you ever resist the Holy Spirit. Just as your fathers did, so also do you do.
1Sol 2:15 - who also killed both the Lord Jesus, and the Prophets, and who have persecuted us. But they do not please God, and so they are adversaries to all men.
Verš 33
You serpents, you brood of vipers! How will you escape from the judgment of Hell?
Mt 3:7 - Then, seeing many of the Pharisees and Sadducees arriving for his baptism, he said to them: “Progeny of vipers, who warned to you to flee from the approaching wrath?
Verš 34
For this reason, behold, I send to you prophets and wisemen, and scribes. And some of these you will put to death and crucify; and some you will scourge in your synagogues and persecute from city to city,
Lk 11:49 - Because of this also, the wisdom of God said: I will send to them Prophets and Apostles, and some of these they will kill or persecute,
Mt 10:16 - Behold, I am sending you like sheep in the midst of wolves. Therefore, be as prudent as serpents and as simple as doves.
Lk 10:3 - Go forth. Behold, I send you out like lambs among wolves.
Jn 16:2 - They will put you out of the synagogues. But the hour is coming when everyone who puts you to death will consider that he is offering an excellent service to God.
Sk 7:52 - Which of the Prophets have your fathers not persecuted? And they killed those who foretold the advent of the Just One. And you have now become the betrayers and murderers of him.
Mt 10:17 - But beware of men. For they will hand you over to councils, and they will scourge you in their synagogues.
Sk 5:40 - And calling in the Apostles, having beaten them, they warned them not to speak at all in the name of Jesus. And they dismissed them.
Verš 35
so that upon you may fall all the blood of the just, which has been shed upon the earth, from the blood of Abel the just, even to the blood of Zechariah the son of Barachiah, whom you killed between the temple and the altar.
Gn 4:8 - And Cain said to his brother Abel, “Let us go outside.” And when they were in the field, Cain rose up against his brother Abel, and he put him to death.
Heb 11:4 - By faith, Abel offered to God a much better sacrifice than that of Cain, through which he obtained testimony that he was just, in that God offered testimony to his gifts. And through that sacrifice, he still speaks to us, though he is dead.
2Krn 24:21 - And gathering together against him, they stoned him, beside the place of the king, in the atrium of the house of the Lord.
Verš 37
Jerusalem, Jerusalem! You kill the prophets and stone those who have been sent to you. How often I have wanted to gather your children together, in the way that a hen gathers her young under her wings. But you were not willing!
Lk 13:34 - Jerusalem, Jerusalem! You kill the prophets, and you stone those who are sent to you. Daily, I wanted to gather together your children, in the manner of a bird with her nest under her wings, but you were not willing!
Mt 21:35 - And the farmers apprehended his servants; they struck one, and killed another, and stoned yet another.
Ž 17:8 - The earth was shaken, and it trembled. The foundations of the mountains were disturbed, and they were shaken, because he was angry with them.
Ž 91:4 - upon the ten strings, upon the psaltery, with a canticle, upon stringed instruments.
Verš 38
Behold, your house shall be abandoned to you, having been deserted.
Ž 69:25 -
Iz 1:7 - Your land is desolate. Your cities have been set ablaze. Foreigners devour your countryside in your sight, and it will become desolate, as if devastated by enemies.
Jer 7:34 - And from the cities of Judah and the streets of Jerusalem, I will cause the cessation of the voice of gladness and the voice of rejoicing, the voice of the groom and the voice of the bride. For the land will be in utter desolation.”
Mi 3:12 - For this reason, because of you, Zion will be plowed under like a field, and Jerusalem will become like a pile of stones, and the mountain of the temple like the high places of the forests.
Sk 1:20 - For it has been written in the book of Psalms: ‘Let their dwelling place be desolate and may there be no one who dwells within it,’ and ‘Let another take his episcopate.’
Verš 39
For I say to you, you shall not see me again, until you say: ‘Blessed is he who comes in the name of the Lord.’ ”
Ž 118:26 - I have declared my ways, and you have heeded me. Teach me your justifications.
Mt 23,1-12 - Mk 12, 38–40; Lk 20, 45–47.
Mt 23,4 - Židovskí zákonníci patrili väčšinou do strany farizejov. Keďže sa vydávali za opatrovníkov ústneho podania (porov. Mt 15, 2), vymýšľali rozličné predpisy, ktoré sa vzťahovali na všetky životné situácie až do najmenších podrobností. Množstvo podrobných predpisov znamenalo temer neznesiteľné a nesplniteľné bremeno, ktoré ustavične prekážalo ľuďom povzniesť sa k Bohu.
Mt 23,5 - Modlitebné remienky (tefillín, gr. fylaktéria) mali na konci pripevnené malé kožené schránky v tvare kocky, v ktorých boli pergamenové prúžky, popísané výrokmi Písma. Pri rannej modlitbe viazali si ich na čelo a na ľavé rameno naproti srdcu, čo malo naznačovať, že pamätajú na Zákon, a preto srdce i myseľ majú obrátené k Bohu (Ex 13, 9. 16; Dt 6, 4–9; 11, 13–21). Zákonníci a farizeji nosili veľmi široké modlitebné remienky, aby každému bolo na prvý pohľad zrejmé, že práve oni si veľmi vážia Zákon.Podľa iného predpisu (Nm 15, 38–39 a Dt 22, 12) zasa nosili strapce na štyroch rohoch plášťa, aby si pri pohľade na ne spomenuli, že sú príslušníkmi vyvoleného národa, ktorý dostal od Boha Zákon. Všetko to farizeji a zákonníci využívali, aby dali svetu najavo svoju veľkú horlivosť za Zákon.
Mt 23,13-36 - Lk 11, 39–52.
Mt 23,14 - Tento verš je interpolácia z Mk 12, 40 a Lk 20, 47. V niektorých rukopisoch sa nachádza v tomto znení: "Beda vám, zákonníci a farizeji, pokrytci! Vyjedáte domy vdovám a modlíte sa dlhé modlitby. Preto vás postihne prísnejší súd." Neovulgáta ho vynecháva.
Mt 23,23 - Zákon žiadal dávať desiatky len z obilia, vína a ovocia (Lv 27, 30; Dt 14, 22). Oni však dávali aj z iných rastlín, aby sa zdali zbožnejšími.
Mt 23,25 - Všetko, čím napĺňajú svoje misy, nadobudli väčšinou svojou hrabivosťou, ba aj lúpežou.
Mt 23,27 - Podľa Nm 19, 16 uvalil na seba poškvrnu, kto sa dotkol hrobu alebo mŕtvoly. Aby teda boli hroby každému zjavné, bielili ich vápnom pred veľkonočnými sviatkami.
Mt 23,37-39 - Lk 13, 34–35.Židia odmietli Ježiša a jeho učenie, preto neujdú trestu. Ich hlavné mesto, ktoré bolo oporou ich pýchy a namyslenosti, bude kruto zničené. Ani Ježiš sa im viac neukáže. Príde, až keď sa Židia obrátia (Rim 11, 25–32) a budú ho vítať slovami: "Požehnaný…" (Ž 118, 26).
