Kniha Levitikus

Biblia - Sväté písmo

(UKJV - Anglický - Updated King James)

Lv 23, 1-44

1 And the LORD spoke unto Moses, saying, 2 Speak unto the children of Israel, and say unto them, Concerning the feasts of the LORD, which all of you shall proclaim to be holy convocations, even these are my feasts. 3 "Six days shall work be done: but the seventh day is the sabbath of rest, an holy convocation; all of you shall do no work therein: it is the sabbath of the LORD in all your dwellings. " 4 These are the feasts of the LORD, even holy convocations, which all of you shall proclaim in their seasons. 5 In the fourteenth day of the first month at even is the LORD's passover. 6 And on the fifteenth day of the same month is the feast of unleavened bread unto the LORD: seven days all of you must eat unleavened bread. 7 In the first day all of you shall have an holy convocation: all of you shall do no servile work therein. 8 But all of you shall offer an offering made by fire unto the LORD seven days: in the seventh day is an holy convocation: all of you shall do no servile work therein. 9 And the LORD spoke unto Moses, saying, 10 Speak unto the children of Israel, and say unto them, When all of you be come into the land which I give unto you, and shall reap the harvest thereof, then all of you shall bring a sheaf of the first-fruits of your harvest unto the priest: 11 And he shall wave the sheaf before the LORD, to be accepted for you: on the next day after the sabbath the priest shall wave it. 12 And all of you shall offer that day when all of you wave the sheaf an he lamb without blemish of the first year for a burnt offering unto the LORD. 13 And the food offering thereof shall be two tenth deals of fine flour mingled with oil, an offering made by fire unto the LORD for a sweet savour: and the drink offering thereof shall be of wine, the fourth part of an hin. 14 And all of you shall eat neither bread, nor parched corn, nor green ears, until the very same day that all of you have brought an offering unto your God: it shall be a statute for ever throughout your generations in all your dwellings. 15 "And all of you shall count unto you from the next day after the sabbath, from the day that all of you brought the sheaf of the wave offering; seven sabbaths shall be complete: " 16 "Even unto the next day after the seventh sabbath shall all of you number fifty days; and all of you shall offer a new food offering unto the LORD. " 17 "All of you shall bring out of your habitations two wave loaves of two tenth deals; they shall be of fine flour; they shall be baked with leaven; they are the first-fruits unto the LORD. " 18 And all of you shall offer with the bread seven lambs without blemish of the first year, and one young bullock, and two rams: they shall be for a burnt offering unto the LORD, with their food offering, and their drink offerings, even an offering made by fire, of sweet savour unto the LORD. 19 Then all of you shall sacrifice one kid of the goats for a sin offering, and two lambs of the first year for a sacrifice of peace offerings. 20 And the priest shall wave them with the bread of the first-fruits for a wave offering before the LORD, with the two lambs: they shall be holy to the LORD for the priest. 21 And all of you shall proclaim on the very same day, that it may be an holy convocation unto you: all of you shall do no servile work therein: it shall be a statute for ever in all your dwellings throughout your generations. 22 And when all of you reap the harvest of your land, you shall not make clean purging of the corners of your field when you reap, neither shall you gather any gleaning of your harvest: you shall leave them unto the poor, and to the stranger: I am the LORD your God. 23 And the LORD spoke unto Moses, saying, 24 Speak unto the children of Israel, saying, In the seventh month, in the first day of the month, shall all of you have a sabbath, a memorial of blowing of trumpets, an holy convocation. 25 All of you shall do no servile work therein: but all of you shall offer an offering made by fire unto the LORD. 26 And the LORD spoke unto Moses, saying, 27 "Also on the tenth day of this seventh month there shall be a day of atonement: it shall be an holy convocation unto you; and all of you shall afflict your souls, and offer an offering made by fire unto the LORD. " 28 And all of you shall do no work in that same day: for it is a day of atonement, to make an atonement for you before the LORD your God. 29 For whatsoever soul it be that shall not be afflicted in that same day, he shall be cut off from among his people. 30 And whatsoever soul it be that does any work in that same day, the same soul will I destroy from among his people. 31 All of you shall do no manner of work: it shall be a statute for ever throughout your generations in all your dwellings. 32 It shall be unto you a sabbath of rest, and all of you shall afflict your souls: in the ninth day of the month at even, from even unto even, shall all of you celebrate your sabbath. 33 And the LORD spoke unto Moses, saying, 34 Speak unto the children of Israel, saying, The fifteenth day of this seventh month shall be the feast of tabernacles for seven days unto the LORD. 35 On the first day shall be an holy convocation: all of you shall do no servile work therein. 36 "Seven days all of you shall offer an offering made by fire unto the LORD: on the eighth day shall be an holy convocation unto you; and all of you shall offer an offering made by fire unto the LORD: it is a solemn assembly; and all of you shall do no servile work therein. " 37 These are the feasts of the LORD, which all of you shall proclaim to be holy convocations, to offer an offering made by fire unto the LORD, a burnt offering, and a food offering, a sacrifice, and drink offerings, every thing upon his day: 38 Beside the sabbaths of the LORD, and beside your gifts, and beside all your vows, and beside all your freewill offerings, which all of you give unto the LORD. 39 Also in the fifteenth day of the seventh month, when all of you have gathered in the fruit of the land, all of you shall keep a feast unto the LORD seven days: on the first day shall be a sabbath, and on the eighth day shall be a sabbath. 40 "And all of you shall take you on the first day the boughs of goodly trees, branches of palm trees, and the boughs of thick trees, and willows of the brook; and all of you shall rejoice before the LORD your God seven days. " 41 And all of you shall keep it a feast unto the LORD seven days in the year. It shall be a statute for ever in your generations: all of you shall celebrate it in the seventh month. 42 "All of you shall dwell in booths seven days; all that are Israelites born shall dwell in booths: " 43 That your generations may know that I made the children of Israel to dwell in booths, when I brought them out of the land of Egypt: I am the LORD your God. 44 And Moses declared unto the children of Israel the feasts of the LORD.

Verš 34

Speak unto the children of Israel, saying, The fifteenth day of this seventh month shall be the feast of tabernacles for seven days unto the LORD.

Ex 23:16 - And the feast of harvest, the first-fruits of your labours, which you have sown in the field: and the feast of ingathering, which is in the end of the year, when you have gathered in your labours out of the field.

Nm 29:12 - "And on the fifteenth day of the seventh month all of you shall have an holy convocation; all of you shall do no servile work, and all of you shall keep a feast unto the LORD seven days: "

Dt 16:15 - Seven days shall you keep a solemn feast unto the LORD your God in the place which the LORD shall choose: because the LORD your God shall bless you in all of your increase, and in all the works of your hands, therefore you shall surely rejoice.

Verš 3

"Six days shall work be done: but the seventh day is the sabbath of rest, an holy convocation; all of you shall do no work therein: it is the sabbath of the LORD in all your dwellings. "

Ex 20:9 - Six days shall you labour, and do all your work:

Ex 23:12 - Six days you shall do your work, and on the seventh day you shall rest: that your ox and your ass may rest, and the son of your handmaid, and the stranger, may be refreshed.

Dt 5:13 - Six days you shall labour, and do all your work:

Lk 13:14 - And the ruler of the synagogue answered with indignation, because that Jesus had healed on the sabbath day, and said unto the people, There are six days in which men ought to work: in them therefore come and be healed, and not on the sabbath day.

Verš 36

"Seven days all of you shall offer an offering made by fire unto the LORD: on the eighth day shall be an holy convocation unto you; and all of you shall offer an offering made by fire unto the LORD: it is a solemn assembly; and all of you shall do no servile work therein. "

Jn 7:37 - In the last day, that great day of the feast, Jesus stood and cried, saying, If any man thirst, let him come unto me, and drink.

Verš 5

In the fourteenth day of the first month at even is the LORD's passover.

Ex 12:18 - In the first month, on the fourteenth day of the month at even, all of you shall eat unleavened bread, until the one and twentieth day of the month at even.

Ex 23:15 - "You shall keep the feast of unleavened bread: (you shall eat unleavened bread seven days, as I commanded you, in the time appointed of the month Abib; for in it you came out from Egypt: and none shall appear before me empty:) "

Nm 28:16 - And in the fourteenth day of the first month is the passover of the LORD.

Dt 16:1 - Observe the month of Abib, and keep the passover unto the LORD your God: for in the month of Abib the LORD your God brought you forth out of Egypt by night.

Verš 15

"And all of you shall count unto you from the next day after the sabbath, from the day that all of you brought the sheaf of the wave offering; seven sabbaths shall be complete: "

Dt 16:9 - Seven weeks shall you number unto you: begin to number the seven weeks from such time as you begin to put the sickle to the corn.

Verš 22

And when all of you reap the harvest of your land, you shall not make clean purging of the corners of your field when you reap, neither shall you gather any gleaning of your harvest: you shall leave them unto the poor, and to the stranger: I am the LORD your God.

Lv 19:9 - And when all of you reap the harvest of your land, you shall not wholly reap the corners of your field, neither shall you gather the gleanings of your harvest.

Dt 24:19 - When you cut down your harvest in your field, and have forgot a sheaf in the field, you shall not go again to fetch it: it shall be for the stranger, for the fatherless, and for the widow: that the LORD your God may bless you in all the work of your hands.

Verš 24

Speak unto the children of Israel, saying, In the seventh month, in the first day of the month, shall all of you have a sabbath, a memorial of blowing of trumpets, an holy convocation.

Nm 29:1 - "And in the seventh month, on the first day of the month, all of you shall have an holy convocation; all of you shall do no servile work: it is a day of blowing the trumpets unto you. "

Verš 27

"Also on the tenth day of this seventh month there shall be a day of atonement: it shall be an holy convocation unto you; and all of you shall afflict your souls, and offer an offering made by fire unto the LORD. "

Lv 16:29 - And this shall be a statute for ever unto you: that in the seventh month, on the tenth day of the month, all of you shall afflict your souls, and do no work at all, whether it be one of your own country, or a stranger that sojourns among you:

Lv 16:31 - It shall be a sabbath of rest unto you, and all of you shall afflict your souls, by a statute for ever.

Nm 29:7 - "And all of you shall have on the tenth day of this seventh month an holy convocation; and all of you shall afflict your souls: all of you shall not do any work therein: "

Lv 23,1-3 - Tri razy do roka bol povinný každý Izraelita zúčastniť sa na bohoslužbách, "na slávnostnom zhromaždení". Tieto sviatky boli: Veľká noc, Letnice a sviatok Stánkov. V tieto dni všetci dospelí Izraeliti (v dvanástom roku sa stával Izraelita synom zákona) mali sa zhromaždiť pri svätostánku, neskoršie v chráme. Zákon nariaďoval, aby priniesli Bohu nejaký dar a aby sa pred Pánom tešili. Za túto prítomnosť Boh prisľúbil, že v tento čas nijaký nepriateľ nenapadne ich krajinu.

Lv 23,4-14 - Veľká noc sa vlastne skladala z dvoch sviatkov: z Paschy a zo sviatku Nekvasených chlebov. Pascha, hebr. pesach, pripomínala prechod trestajúceho anjela popri izraelských domoch, keď hubil všetkých prvorodených v Egypte (Ex 12,11.23.27). Sviatok Nekvasených chlebov slávil sa na pamiatku zázračného vyslobodenia Izraelitov z egyptského otroctva. Paschou sa teda menoval len prvý veľkonočný deň. Pascha značí aj veľkonočného baránka, potom celý veľkonočný týždeň a aj mäso z dobrovoľných obetí (Dt 16,2–6). – V druhý veľkonočný deň, teda 16. nisana, obetoval sa zväzoček klasov z novej úrody. Týmto úkonom sa vlastne začínala aj žatva. Predtým nebolo možno z novej úrody jesť. K veršu 13. porov. Gn 18,6; Ex 29,2; o efe pozri Ex 29,40; o hine Ex 29,40.

Lv 23,15-22 - Od Veľkej noci, čiže od 16. nisana, rátalo sa sedem týždňov a v päťdesiaty deň bol sviatok Letníc, Pentecostes, hebr. slávnosť Týždňov, slávnosť Žatvy alebo Deň prvotín. Sviatok trval len jeden deň. Pôvodne sa oslavovala týmto sviatkom sinajská zmluva, ktorú Pán uzavrel 50. dňa po odchode z Egypta. Aj Letnice boli ďakovným sviatkom za poľnú úrodu. Žatva sa začínala po Veľkej noci a Letnicami sa končila (Ex 23,16).

Lv 23,23-25 - Prvý deň každého mesiaca sa oslavoval slávnosťou, pri ktorej sa obetovalo viac obiet ako v obyčajný deň (Nm 28,11–15). Prvý deň siedmeho mesiaca bol ešte slávnostnejší. Niektorí autori sa domnievajú, že vtedy Izraeliti slávili občiansky Nový rok. Mienka je však nepravdepodobná. Prvým dňom mesiaca tišri začínal sa hospodársky rok. Nový rok náboženský i občiansky začínal sa 1. nisana, aspoň po odchode z Egypta (pozri pozn. Ex 12,1).

Lv 23,27-32 - Porov. poznámky k hl. 16.

Lv 23,33-44 - Sviatok Stánkov slávil sa o päť dní po sviatku Zmierenia, teda 15. tišri, a trval celý týždeň. Meno dostal od stanov, pod ktorými mali Izraeliti bývať celý týždeň. Zvyk stavať stánky zostal u nábožných Židov dodnes. Stánky stavali zo zelených ratolestí. Bývať v stánkoch mali len Izraeliti, cudzinci nie. Sviatok sa slávil na pamiatku pobytu na púšti, keď Izraeliti bývali pod stanmi. V prvý a ostatný deň nesmelo sa pracovať (Nm 29,12.35). Cieľom sviatku bolo tiež poďakovať sa za ovocie, olej a víno, preto sa sviatok nazýval aj slávnosťou Oberačiek. Na slávnosti v prvý deň nosili v rukách ovocie (pomaranče) a kytice zo zelených palmových, myrtových a vŕbových ratoliestok, tzv. lúláb, na znak úrody svojej zeme. Dary (v. 38) sú prvotiny úrody a desiatky.