Kniha Levitikus

Biblia - Sväté písmo

(CPDV - Anglický - Catholic PD)

Lv 16, 1-34

1 And the Lord spoke to Moses, after the death of the two sons of Aaron, when they were destroyed for offering strange fire. 2 And he instructed him, saying: Speak to your brother Aaron, so that he may not, at any time, enter into the Sanctuary, which is within the veil, before the propitiatory by which the ark is covered, so that he may not die, (for I will appear in a cloud above the oracle) 3 unless he will have done these things beforehand. He shall offer a calf for sin, and a ram as a holocaust. 4 He shall be vested with a linen tunic. He shall conceal his nakedness with linen undergarments. He shall be wrapped with a linen belt, and he shall impose a linen headdress on his head. For these are holy vestments. All of these he shall put on, after he has been washed. 5 And he shall receive, from the entire multitude of the sons of Israel, two he-goats for sin, and one ram as a holocaust. 6 And when he has presented the calf, and has prayed for himself and for his own house, 7 he shall cause the two he-goats to stand in the sight of the Lord at the entrance to the tabernacle of the testimony. 8 And casting lots over them both, one is to be offered to the Lord, and the other is to be the emissary goat. 9 The one whose lot fell out to be offered to the Lord, he shall offer for sin. 10 But the one who is to be the emissary goat shall stand before the Lord, so that he may pour the prayers upon him, and may send him away into the wilderness. 11 After these things have been duly celebrated, he shall offer the calf, and praying for himself and for his own house, he shall immolate it. 12 And taking up the censer, which he has filled from the burning coals of the altar, and drawing up with his hands the aromatic compound for incense, he shall enter within the veil, into the holy place, 13 so that when the aromatics are placed upon the fire, its cloud and vapor may cover the oracle, which is above the testimony, and he may not die. 14 Likewise, he shall take some of the blood of the calf, and sprinkle it with his finger seven times opposite the propitiatory, toward the east. 15 And when he has slain the he-goat for the sin of the people, he shall carry its blood within the veil, just as he was instructed to do with the blood of the calf, so that he may sprinkle it away from the area of the oracle, 16 and so that he may expiate the Sanctuary from the uncleanness of the sons of Israel, and from their prevarications and every one of their sins. According to this rite, he shall act toward the tabernacle of the testimony, which is fixed among them in the midst of the filth of their habitation. 17 Let no man be in the tabernacle when the high priest enters the Sanctuary in order to pray for himself, and for his house, and for the entire assembly of Israel, until he exits. 18 And when he has exited to the altar which is before the Lord, let him pray for himself, and taking the blood of the calf, and of the he-goat, let him pour it upon its horns all around. 19 And sprinkling with his finger seven times, let him expiate and sanctify it from the uncleanness of the sons of Israel. 20 After he has cleansed the Sanctuary, and the tabernacle, and the altar, then let him offer the living goat. 21 And placing both hands upon its head, let him confess all the iniquities of the sons of Israel, and all of their offenses and sins. And calling these down upon its head, he shall send it away, by means of a man prepared to do so, into the desert. 22 And when the goat has carried all their iniquities into a solitary land, and has been released into the desert, 23 Aaron shall return into the tabernacle of the testimony. And placing aside the vestments, which he had worn before when he entered into the Sanctuary, and leaving them there, 24 he shall wash his flesh in the holy place, and he shall be clothed in his own garments. And departing afterwards, he shall present his own holocaust and that of the people: he shall pray as much for himself as for the people. 25 And the fat which is offered for sins, he shall burn upon the altar. 26 Yet truly, he who has sent away the emissary goat shall wash his clothes and his body with water, and so he shall enter into the camp. 27 But the calf and the he-goat, which were immolated for sin, and whose blood was brought into the Sanctuary to complete the expiation, these shall be carried outside the camp and be burned with fire: as with their skins, so also with their flesh and dung. 28 And whoever will have burned them shall wash his clothes and flesh with water, and so he shall enter into the camp. 29 And this shall be to you an everlasting ordinance. In the seventh month, on the tenth day of the month, you shall afflict your souls, and you shall do no work, neither someone native born, nor the newcomer who sojourns among you. 30 On this day, there shall be atonement for you, and also a cleansing from all your sins. You shall be cleansed in the sight of the Lord. 31 For it is a Sabbath of rest, and you shall afflict your souls as a perpetual observance. 32 And the priest who has been anointed, and whose hands have been consecrated to exercise the priesthood in the place of his father, shall make atonement. And he shall be clothed with the linen robe and the holy vestments. 33 And he shall expiate the Sanctuary and the tabernacle of the testimony and the altar, likewise the priest and all the people. 34 And this shall be to you a perpetual law, that you pray for the sons of 64 Israel, and for all their sins once a year. Therefore, he did just as the Lord had instructed Moses.

Verš 1

And the Lord spoke to Moses, after the death of the two sons of Aaron, when they were destroyed for offering strange fire.

Lv 10:1 - And the sons of Aaron, Nadab and Abihu, picking up their censers, placed fire in them and incense upon them, offering in the sight of the Lord a strange fire, such as was not instructed of them.

Verš 2

And he instructed him, saying: Speak to your brother Aaron, so that he may not, at any time, enter into the Sanctuary, which is within the veil, before the propitiatory by which the ark is covered, so that he may not die, (for I will appear in a cloud above the oracle)

Ex 30:10 - And Aaron shall pray over its horns once a year, with the blood of what was offered for sin. And he shall make atonement over it in your generations. It shall be the Holy of holies to the Lord.”

Heb 9:7 - But into the second part, once a year, the high priest alone entered, not without blood, which he offered on behalf of the neglectful offenses of himself and of the people.

Verš 6

And when he has presented the calf, and has prayed for himself and for his own house,

Heb 7:27 - And he has no need, daily, in the manner of other priests, to offer sacrifices, first for his own sins, and then for those of the people. For he has done this once, by offering himself.

Verš 34

And this shall be to you a perpetual law, that you pray for the sons of 64 Israel, and for all their sins once a year. Therefore, he did just as the Lord had instructed Moses.

Heb 9:7 - But into the second part, once a year, the high priest alone entered, not without blood, which he offered on behalf of the neglectful offenses of himself and of the people.

Verš 14

Likewise, he shall take some of the blood of the calf, and sprinkle it with his finger seven times opposite the propitiatory, toward the east.

Lv 4:6 - and having dipped his finger into the blood, he shall sprinkle it seven times in the sight of the Lord, opposite the veil of the Sanctuary.

Heb 9:25 - And he did not enter so as to offer himself repeatedly, as the high priest enters into the Holy of Holies each year, with the blood of another.

Heb 10:4 - For it is impossible for sins to be taken away by the blood of oxen and goats.

Verš 27

But the calf and the he-goat, which were immolated for sin, and whose blood was brought into the Sanctuary to complete the expiation, these shall be carried outside the camp and be burned with fire: as with their skins, so also with their flesh and dung.

Lv 6:30 - For the victim that is slain for sin, whose blood is carried into the tabernacle of the testimony, for expiation in the Sanctuary, shall not be eaten, but it shall be consumed by fire.

Heb 13:11 - For the bodies of those animals whose blood is carried into the Holy of holies by the high priest, on behalf of sin, are burned outside the camp.

Verš 29

And this shall be to you an everlasting ordinance. In the seventh month, on the tenth day of the month, you shall afflict your souls, and you shall do no work, neither someone native born, nor the newcomer who sojourns among you.

Lv 23:27 - The tenth day of this seventh month shall be the day of atonement; it shall be most honored, and it shall be called holy. And you shall afflict your souls on that day, and you shall offer a holocaust to the Lord.

Lv 16,1 - Výročný deň zmierenia slávil sa 10. dňa siedmeho mesiaca (tišri). Teda päť dní pred slávnosťou Stánkov. Nazývali ho "veľkým" alebo "dlhým" dňom, pretože v tento deň museli sa priniesť mnohé obete. Sviatok sa začínal večer deviateho tišri a končil sa desiateho večer. Nesmelo sa pracovať a všetci Izraeliti museli sa postiť. V tento deň bohoslužobné obrady konal len veľkňaz. Obetami tohto sviatku chceli odčiniť všetky hriechy, ktoré Izraeliti spáchali v minulom roku.

Lv 16,2 - Do svätyne, čo je za oponou, teda do veľsvätyne, kde bola archa zmluvy (Ex 26,33). Veľkňaz mohol do veľsvätyne vstúpiť len v tento sviatok (Hebr 9,7) a v tento deň vstupoval ta viac ráz. Sviatok zmierenia je predobrazom toho veľkého zmierenia, ktoré Kristus v deň svojej smrti na kríži vykonal za hriechy celého ľudstva.

Lv 16,4 - Deň zmierenia je dňom kajúcnosti. Veľkňaz sa vtedy oblieka len do rúcha jednoduchých kňazov.

Lv 16,8-10 - Azazel nie je ani meno zvieraťa, ani meno miesta, na ktoré bol cap vypustený, ale je to meno bytosti, ktorá je vždy proti Bohu. Azazel je teda démon, zlý duch, protivník Boží. Púšť sa považovala za miesto smrti a biedy, za sídlo zlých duchov, ktorí priniesli na zem biedu a smrť (Iz 13,21; 34,14; Bar 4,35; Mt 12,43; Zjv 18,2). Na capa, ktorý lósom pripadne Azazelovi, veľkňaz položí hriechy celého národa a capa dá vyviesť do púšte, teda na miesto, kam patrí sám i s hriechmi. Hriechy sa takto vracajú, odkiaľ boli prišli ,do ríše diabla, do púšte' (vv. 20–22).

Lv 16,12 - O zložení kadidla porov. Ex 30,34–38.

Lv 16,27 - Mäso obetných zvierat sa nesmelo jesť, nesmelo sa ani spáliť na oltári celostných žertiev, pretože zvieratá boli zaťažené hriechmi (6,30).