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Kniha proroka Ezechiela

Biblia - Sväté písmo

(VUL - Latinský - Nova Vulgata)

Ez 1, 1-28

1 (VUL) Et factum est in tricesimo anno, in quarto mense, in quinta men sis, cum essem in medio captivorum iuxta fluvium Chobar, aperti sunt caeli, et vidi visiones Dei.
1 (UKJV) Now it came to pass in the thirtieth year, in the fourth month, in the fifth day of the month, as I was among the captives by the river of Chebar, that the heavens were opened, and I saw visions of God.

2 (VUL) In quinta mensis, ipse est annus quintus transmigrationis regis Ioachin,
2 (UKJV) In the fifth day of the month, which was the fifth year of king Jehoiachin's captivity,

3 (VUL) factum est verbum Domini ad Ezechielem filium Buzi, sacerdotem, in terra Chaldaeorum secus flumen Chobar, et facta est super eum ibi manus Domini.
3 (UKJV) "The word of the LORD came expressly unto Ezekiel the priest, the son of Buzi, in the land of the Chaldeans by the river Chebar; and the hand of the LORD was there upon him. "

4 (VUL) Et vidi: et ecce ventus turbinis veniebat ab aquilone et nubes magna et ignis conglobatus, et splendor in circuitu eius, et de medio eius quasi species electri, id est de medio ignis;
4 (UKJV) And I looked, and, behold, a whirlwind came out of the north, a great cloud, and a fire setting itself, and a brightness was about it, and out of the midst thereof as the colour of amber, out of the midst of the fire.

5 (VUL) et ex medio eius similitudo quattuor animalium, et hic aspectus eorum: similitudo hominis erat eis.
5 (UKJV) "Also out of the midst thereof came the likeness of four living creatures. And this was their appearance; they had the likeness of a man. "

6 (VUL) Quattuor facies uni et quattuor pennae uni;
6 (UKJV) And every one had four faces, and every one had four wings.

7 (VUL) pedes eorum pedes recti, et planta pedis eorum quasi planta pedis vituli, et scintillabant quasi aspectus aeris candentis.
7 (UKJV) "And their feet were straight feet; and the sole of their feet was like the sole of a calf's foot: and they sparkled like the colour of burnished brass. "

8 (VUL) Et manus hominis erant sub pennis eorum in quattuor partibus. Facies autem et pennae illorum quattuor:
8 (UKJV) "And they had the hands of a man under their wings on their four sides; and they four had their faces and their wings. "

9 (VUL) iunctae erant pennae eorum altera ad alteram; non revertebantur, cum incederent, sed unumquodque ante faciem suam gradiebatur.
9 (UKJV) "Their wings were joined one to another; they turned not when they went; they went every one straight forward. "

10 (VUL) Similitudo autem vultus eorum: facies hominis et facies leonis a dextris ipsorum quattuor, facies autem bovis a sinistris ipsorum quattuor et facies aquilae ipsorum quattuor.
10 (UKJV) "As for the likeness of their faces, they four had the face of a man, and the face of a lion, on the right side: and they four had the face of an ox on the left side; they four also had the face of an eagle. "

11 (VUL) Et pennae eorum extentae desuper; duae pennae singulorum iungebantur, et duae tegebant corpora eorum.
11 (UKJV) "Thus were their faces: and their wings were stretched upward; two wings of every one were joined one to another, and two covered their bodies. "

12 (VUL) Et unumquodque coram facie sua ambulabat: ubi erat impetus spiritus, illuc gradiebantur nec revertebantur, cum ambularent.
12 (UKJV) "And they went every one straight forward: where the spirit was to go, they went; and they turned not when they went. "

13 (VUL) Et in medio animalium, aspectus quasi carbonum ignis ardentium, quasi aspectus lampadarum discurrentium in medio animalium; et splendor erat ignis, et de igne fulgur egrediens.
13 (UKJV) "As for the likeness of the living creatures, their appearance was like burning coals of fire, and like the appearance of lamps: it went up and down among the living creatures; and the fire was bright, and out of the fire went forth lightning. "

14 (VUL) Et animalia ibant et revertebantur in similitudinem fulguris coruscantis.
14 (UKJV) And the living creatures ran and returned as the appearance of a flash of lightning.

15 (VUL) Cumque aspicerem animalia, apparuit rota una super terram iuxta singula animalia.
15 (UKJV) Now as I beheld the living creatures, behold one wheel upon the earth by the living creatures, with his four faces.

16 (VUL) Et aspectus rotarum et opus earum quasi species chrysolithi, et una similitudo ipsarum quattuor; et aspectus earum et opera, quasi sit rota in medio rotae.
16 (UKJV) The appearance of the wheels and their work was like unto the colour of a beryl: and they four had one likeness: and their appearance and their work was as it were a wheel in the middle of a wheel.

17 (VUL) Per quattuor partes earum euntes ibant et non revertebantur, cum ambularent.
17 (UKJV) When they went, they went upon their four sides: and they turned not when they went.

18 (VUL) Canthis autem earum erat altitudo et horribilis aspectus; et canthi earum erant oculis pleni in circuitu ipsarum quattuor.
18 (UKJV) "As for their rings, they were so high that they were dreadful; and their rings were full of eyes round about them four. "

19 (VUL) Cumque ambularent animalia, ambulabant pariter et rotae iuxta ea; et cum elevarentur animalia de terra, elevabantur simul et rotae.
19 (UKJV) And when the living creatures went, the wheels went by them: and when the living creatures were lifted up from the earth, the wheels were lifted up.

20 (VUL) Quocumque impellebat spiritus ut irent, ibant, et rotae pariter levabantur sequentes eum; spiritus enim animalium erat in rotis.
20 (UKJV) "Anywhere the spirit was to go, they went, thither was their spirit to go; and the wheels were lifted up opposite to them: for the spirit of the living creature was in the wheels. "

21 (VUL) Cum euntibus ibant et cum stantibus stabant; et cum elevatis a terra pariter elevabantur, et rotae sequentes ea, quia spiritus animalium erat in rotis.
21 (UKJV) "When those went, these went; and when those stood, these stood; and when those were lifted up from the earth, the wheels were lifted up opposite to them: for the spirit of the living creature was in the wheels. "

22 (VUL) Et similitudo super capita animalium firmamenti quasi aspectus crystalli horribilis et extenti super capita eorum desuper.
22 (UKJV) And the likeness of the firmament upon the heads of the living creature was as the colour of the terrible crystal, stretched forth over their heads above.

23 (VUL) Sub firmamento autem pennae eorum rectae altera ad alteram; unumquodque duabus alis velabat corpus suum.
23 (UKJV) And under the firmament were their wings straight, the one toward the other: every one had two, which covered on this side, and every one had two, which covered on that side, their bodies.

24 (VUL) Et audiebam sonum alarum quasi sonum aquarum multarum, quasi sonum Omnipotentis: cum ambularent, erat strepitus vehemens ut sonus castrorum; cumque starent, demittebantur pennae eorum.
24 (UKJV) And when they went, I heard the noise of their wings, like the noise of great waters, as the voice of the Almighty, the voice of speech, as the noise of an host: when they stood, they let down their wings.

25 (VUL) Nam cum fieret vox supra firmamentum, quod erat super caput eorum, stabant et submittebant alas suas.
25 (UKJV) And there was a voice from the firmament that was over their heads, when they stood, and had let down their wings.

26 (VUL) Et super firmamentum, quod erat imminens capiti eorum, quasi aspectus lapidis sapphiri similitudo throni; et super similitudinem throni similitudo quasi aspectus hominis desuper.
26 (UKJV) And above the firmament that was over their heads was the likeness of a throne, as the appearance of a sapphire stone: and upon the likeness of the throne was the likeness as the appearance of a man above upon it.

27 (VUL) Et vidi quasi speciem electri, velut aspectum ignis per circuitum ab aspectu lumborum eius et desuper; et ab aspectu lumborum eius usque deorsum vidi quasi speciem ignis splendentis in circuitu.
27 (UKJV) And I saw as the colour of amber, as the appearance of fire round about within it, from the appearance of his loins even upward, and from the appearance of his loins even downward, I saw as it were the appearance of fire, and it had brightness round about.

28 (VUL) Velut aspectus arcus, cum fuerit in nube in die pluviae: sic erat aspectus splendoris per gyrum. Haec visio similitudinis gloriae Domini. Et vidi et cecidi in faciem meam et audivi vocem loquentis.
28 (UKJV) As the appearance of the bow that is in the cloud in the day of rain, so was the appearance of the brightness round about. This was the appearance of the likeness of the glory of the LORD. And when I saw it, I fell upon my face, and I heard a voice of one that spoke.


Ez 1, 1-28





Verš 1
Et factum est in tricesimo anno, in quarto mense, in quinta men sis, cum essem in medio captivorum iuxta fluvium Chobar, aperti sunt caeli, et vidi visiones Dei.
Ž 137:1 - Super flumina Babylonis, illic sedimus et flevimus, cum recordaremur Sion.

Verš 6
Quattuor facies uni et quattuor pennae uni;
Ez 10:14 - Quattuor autem facies habebat unumquodque: facies prima facies cherub, et facies secunda facies hominis, et tertia facies leonis, et quarta facies aquilae.

Verš 8
Et manus hominis erant sub pennis eorum in quattuor partibus. Facies autem et pennae illorum quattuor:
Ez 10:8 - Et apparuit in cherubim similitudo manus hominis subtus pennas eorum,

Verš 10
Similitudo autem vultus eorum: facies hominis et facies leonis a dextris ipsorum quattuor, facies autem bovis a sinistris ipsorum quattuor et facies aquilae ipsorum quattuor.
Ez 10:14 - Quattuor autem facies habebat unumquodque: facies prima facies cherub, et facies secunda facies hominis, et tertia facies leonis, et quarta facies aquilae.
Zjv 4:7 - et animal primum simile leoni, et secundum animal simile vitulo, et tertium animal habens faciem quasi hominis, et quartum animal simile aquilae volanti.

Verš 16
Et aspectus rotarum et opus earum quasi species chrysolithi, et una similitudo ipsarum quattuor; et aspectus earum et opera, quasi sit rota in medio rotae.
Ez 10:9 - et vidi: et ecce quattuor rotae iuxta cherubim; rota una iuxta cherub unum, et rota alia iuxta cherub unum, species autem rotarum erat quasi species lapidis chrysolithi,

Verš 18
Canthis autem earum erat altitudo et horribilis aspectus; et canthi earum erant oculis pleni in circuitu ipsarum quattuor.
Ez 10:12 - Et omne corpus eorum et terga et manus et pennae et rotae plena erant oculis in circuitu illis quattuor;

Verš 19
Cumque ambularent animalia, ambulabant pariter et rotae iuxta ea; et cum elevarentur animalia de terra, elevabantur simul et rotae.
Ez 10:16 - Cumque ambularent, cherubim ibant pariter, et rotae iuxta ea; et cum elevarent cherubim alas suas, ut exaltarentur de terra, non convertebantur rotae, sed et ipsae iuxta erant.

Verš 28
Velut aspectus arcus, cum fuerit in nube in die pluviae: sic erat aspectus splendoris per gyrum. Haec visio similitudinis gloriae Domini. Et vidi et cecidi in faciem meam et audivi vocem loquentis.
Dan 10:9 - Et audivi vocem sermonum eius; et audiens vocem sermonum eius iacebam consternatus super faciem meam, et vultus meus haerebat terrae.

Ez 1,1-3 - Tieto verše udávajú čas, v ktorom Ezechiel mal videnie. Je isté, že verše sú porušené, čo dosvedčuje aj striedanie osôb: raz hovorí prorok o sebe v osobe prvej, inokedy zase v osobe tretej. Vo verši 1 sa neudáva, odkedy treba počítať 30 rokov, a rozličné výklady učencov nevedú k cieľu. Vo verši 2 chýba zas mesiac, v ktorom mal Ezechiel videnie. Bolo to však v piatom roku zajatia kráľa Joachina (Jechoniáša, pozri úvod), ktorého odviedli do zajatia r. 597 pr. Kr. Rok videnia bol teda asi rok 593. Štvrtý mesiac vtedajšieho kalendára (tamúz-tammúz) je približne náš mesiac júl. Sám Ezechiel bol tiež v zajatí, dostal sa ta spolu s Joachinom. Rieka Chobar, pri ktorej býval Ezechiel spolu s mnohými inými zajatcami z Júdska, bol niektorý kanál Eufratu v Babylonsku. Pri tomto videní oznámil Boh prorokovi svoju vôľu a vzniesol nad neho svoju ruku, to jest svojou pomocou ho uspôsobil, aby videnie pochopil.Zjav, ktorý videl Ezechiel, bol nadprirodzený. Sám prorok si je vedomý toho, že tento zjav je ťažko opísať, keďže pojmy známe ľuďom na to nestačia. Preto prorok, keď opisuje zjav, hovorí len o podobnosti so známymi pojmami, nie o totožnosti: zjav uprostred ohňa je len podobný lesklému kovu, ale nie je to kov atď. Keď k tomu uvážime, že aj osnova je na viacerých miestach porušená, porozumieme, prečo je ťažké dopodrobna si predstaviť alebo vysvetliť zjav, ktorý videl Ezechiel. Celkový zmysel však ostáva istý: Ezechiel videl Pána, ktorý tróni nad cherubmi.

Ez 1,4-14 - Bytosti, ktoré videl Ezechiel, mali postavu ľudskú, ale okrem ľudskej tváre mali ešte tri tváre zvieracie a boli okrídlené štyrmi krídlami. Chodili vzpriamené ako človek, len chodidlo nôh mali podobné chodidlu teľaťa. Z videnia nevysvitá, koľko rúk mal každý. Stáli asi tak, že ľudskou tvárou hľadel každý na inú stranu sveta a ich dve rozprestreté krídla tvorili štvorec, na uhloch ktorého sa im krídla vzájomne dotýkali. Ľudskou tvárou hľadel každý von zo štvorca, tvárou orlou opačne, do štvorca. Napravo od ľudskej každá bytosť mala tvár leva, naľavo tvár vola. Celý štvorec, utvorený týmito zázračnými bytosťami, sa pohyboval naraz, a to podľa vôle ducha Božieho, ktorý nad nimi sídlil. Keďže na všetky štyri strany mali tváre, nemuseli sa obrátiť, keď chceli zmeniť smer. Vedenia sa ujala vždy tá bytosť, ktorá mala ľudskú tvár obrátenú ta, kde mal ísť štvorec. Bytosti žiarili ako žeravé uhlie a ako oheň, ktorý horí kmitavým plameňom ako fakľa. Takýto oheň bol aj medzi bytosťami vo vnútri štvorca. Pri pohybe štvorca to vyzeralo tak, akoby z ohňa šľahali blesky.

Ez 1,15-21 - Pri každej bytosti, asi na uhloch nimi utvoreného štvorca, bolo koleso, každé vyzeralo ako oko z drahokamu, azda chryzolitu. Do každého kolesa bolo zapustené iné koleso, na každom uhle štvorca boli teda vlastne dve kolesá, ktoré boli do seba vklinené krížom tak, aby sa jedno pohybovalo smerom severo-južným, druhé východo-západným. Krútili sa teda na štyri strany bez toho, žeby ich bolo treba obrátiť.

Ez 1,22-28 - Nad hlavami živých bytostí bolo podnožie trónu Pánovho. Vyzeralo ako obloha z veľkého kryštálu. Na podnoží bol modrý zafírový trón, vlastne len čosi, čo sa takému trónu podobalo. Na tróne bol Pán v podobe človeka.Význam videnia. Pre Ezechiela a pre tých, ku ktorým ho Boh posiela, malo toto videnie ďalekosiahly symbolický význam. Veľká časť národa bola už v zajatí, videla nádhernú modloslužbu Babyloncov. Zajatci si mohli myslieť, že babylonskí bohovia zvíťazili nad Pánom, ktorý nezamedzil porážku svojho národa. Ba na zajatcov čakali ďalšie skúšky. V krátkom čase mal padnúť Jeruzalem, zahynúť chrám Pánov a do zajatia sa mal dostať celý národ. Preto bolo treba zajatcov ubezpečiť, že Pán nestratil svoju moc. Od severu prichádzali najväčší nepriatelia národa, Asýri, Skýti, Babylonci. Odtiaľ prichádza vo videní aj Pán, aby dokázal, že aj tam je on Pánom, čo dokázal aj tým, že v Babylone dáva svojmu prorokovi videnie. Pán je samá žiara, aby sa zdôraznilo, že je duchovná bytosť. Cherubíni sú obrátení na všetky štyri strany sveta, lebo Pán je vládcom celého sveta, ktorý všetko vidí, preto je na kolesách toľko očí. Ľudská tvár Cherubov zvýrazňuje ich rozumnosť, lev ich velebnosť, vôl, vlastne býk, ich silu a orol ich rýchlosť. Združujú v sebe všetky vlastnosti, ktoré pohania rozdeľujú medzi rozličné svoje božstvá. Anjeli, služobníci Pánovi, sú teda mocnejší než pohanské božstvá; ako by sa teda tieto pohanské božstvá mohli merať s Pánom samým. Videnie malo uistiť zajatcov, že on je Pánom aj v Babylone. Dúha však (verš 28) je odznakom nádeje (Gn 9,12–13). I keď je položenie národa smutné, nie je beznádejné; Pán neprestal byť jeho Bohom.