Kniha proroka Ezechiela

Biblia - Sväté písmo

(CPDV - Anglický - Catholic PD)

Ez 1, 1-28

1 And it happened that, in the thirtieth year, in the fourth month, on the fifth of the month, when I was in the midst of the captives beside the river Chebar, the heavens were opened, and I saw the visions of God. 2 On the fifth of the month, the same is the fifth year of the transmigration of king Joachin, 3 the word of the Lord came to Ezekiel, a priest, the son of Buzi, in the land of the Chaldeans, next to the river Chebar. And the hand of the Lord was over him there. 4 And I saw, and behold, a whirlwind arrived from the north. And a great cloud, wrapped in fire and brightness, was all around it. And from its midst, that is, from the midst of the fire, there was something with the appearance of amber. 5 And in its midst, there was the likeness of four living creatures. And this was their appearance: the likeness of a man was in them. 6 Each one had four faces, and each one had 467 four wings. 7 Their feet were straight feet, and the sole of their foot was like the sole of the foot of a calf, and they sparkled with the appearance of glowing brass. 8 And they had the hands of a man under their wings on the four sides. And they had faces with the wings on the four sides. 9 And their wings were joined to one another. They did not turn as they went. Instead, each one advanced before his face. 10 But as for the likeness of their face, there was the face of a man, and the face of a lion on the right of each of the four, then the face of an ox on the left of each of the four, and the face of an eagle above each of the four. 11 Their faces and their wings were extended above: two wings of each one were joined together, and two covered their bodies. 12 And each one of them advanced before his face. Wherever the impetus of the spirit was to go, there they went. And they did not turn as they advanced. 13 And as for the likeness of the living creatures, their appearance was like that of burning coals of fire, and like the appearance of lamps. This was the vision dashing in the midst of the living creatures, a bright fire, with lightning going forth from the fire. 14 And the living creatures went and returned like flashes of lightning. 15 And as I beheld the living creatures, there appeared above the earth, next to the living creatures, one wheel having four faces. 16 And the appearance of the wheels and their work was like the appearance of the sea. And each of the four were similar to one another. And their appearance and work was like a wheel in the center of a wheel. 17 Going forth, they went by means of their four parts. And they did not turn as they went. 18 Also, the size and height and appearance of the wheels was dreadful. And the entire body was full of eyes all around each of the four. 19 And when the living creatures advanced, the wheels advanced together with them. And when the living creatures were lifted up from the earth, the wheels, too, were lifted up at the same time. 20 Wherever the spirit went, as the spirit was going forth to that place, the wheels, too, were lifted up together, so as to follow them. For the spirit of life was in the wheels. 21 When going forth, they went forth, and when standing still, they stood still. And when they were lifted up from the earth, the wheels, too, were lifted up together, so as to follow them. For the spirit of life was in the wheels. 22 And above the heads of the living creatures was the likeness of a firmament: similar to crystal, but dreadful to behold, and extending over their heads from above. 23 And their wings were straight under the firmament, one toward the other. One of them was covered by two wings on his body, and the other was covered similarly. 24 And I heard the sound of their wings, like the sound of many waters, like the sound of the sublime God. When they walked, it was like the sound of a multitude, like the sound of an army. And when they stood still, their wings were let down. 25 For when a voice came from above the firmament, which was over their heads, they stood still, and they put down their wings. 26 And above the firmament, which was suspended over their heads, there was the likeness of a throne, with the appearance of the sapphire stone. And over the likeness of the throne, there was a likeness with the appearance of a man above it. 27 And I saw something with the appearance of amber, with the likeness of fire within it and all around it. And from his waist and upward, and from his waist downward, I saw something with the appearance of fire shining all around. 28 There was the appearance of the rainbow, as when it is in a cloud on a rainy day. This was the appearance of the splendor on every side.

Verš 1

And it happened that, in the thirtieth year, in the fourth month, on the fifth of the month, when I was in the midst of the captives beside the river Chebar, the heavens were opened, and I saw the visions of God.

Ž 137:1 - Of David himself. O Lord, I will confess to you with my whole heart, for you have heard the words of my mouth. I will sing psalms to you in the sight of the Angels.

Verš 6

Each one had four faces, and each one had 467 four wings.

Ez 10:14 - Now each one had four faces. One face was the face of a cherub, and the second face was the face of a man, and in the third was the face of a lion, and in the fourth was the face of an eagle.

Verš 8

And they had the hands of a man under their wings on the four sides. And they had faces with the wings on the four sides.

Ez 10:8 - And there appeared amid the cherubim the likeness of the hand of a man, under their wings.

Verš 10

But as for the likeness of their face, there was the face of a man, and the face of a lion on the right of each of the four, then the face of an ox on the left of each of the four, and the face of an eagle above each of the four.

Zjv 4:7 - And the first living creature resembled a lion, and the second living creature resembled a calf, and the third living creature had a face like a man, and the fourth living creature resembled a flying eagle.

Verš 16

And the appearance of the wheels and their work was like the appearance of the sea. And each of the four were similar to one another. And their appearance and work was like a wheel in the center of a wheel.

Ez 10:9 - And I saw, and behold, there were four wheels beside the cherubim. One wheel was next to one cherub, and another wheel was next to another cherub. And the appearance of the wheels was like the sight of the chrysolite stone.

Verš 18

Also, the size and height and appearance of the wheels was dreadful. And the entire body was full of eyes all around each of the four.

Ez 10:12 - And their entire body, with their necks and their hands and their wings and the circles, were full of eyes all around the four wheels.

Verš 19

And when the living creatures advanced, the wheels advanced together with them. And when the living creatures were lifted up from the earth, the wheels, too, were lifted up at the same time.

Ez 10:16 - And when the cherubim advanced, the wheels also went beside them. And when the cherubim lifted up their wings in order to be raised up from the earth, the wheels did not remain behind, but they also were beside them.

Verš 28

There was the appearance of the rainbow, as when it is in a cloud on a rainy day. This was the appearance of the splendor on every side.

Dan 10:9 - And I heard the voice of his words, and when I heard, I lay down in confusion on my face, and my face was close to the ground.

Ez 1,1-3 - Tieto verše udávajú čas, v ktorom Ezechiel mal videnie. Je isté, že verše sú porušené, čo dosvedčuje aj striedanie osôb: raz hovorí prorok o sebe v osobe prvej, inokedy zase v osobe tretej. Vo verši 1 sa neudáva, odkedy treba počítať 30 rokov, a rozličné výklady učencov nevedú k cieľu. Vo verši 2 chýba zas mesiac, v ktorom mal Ezechiel videnie. Bolo to však v piatom roku zajatia kráľa Joachina (Jechoniáša, pozri úvod), ktorého odviedli do zajatia r. 597 pr. Kr. Rok videnia bol teda asi rok 593. Štvrtý mesiac vtedajšieho kalendára (tamúz-tammúz) je približne náš mesiac júl. Sám Ezechiel bol tiež v zajatí, dostal sa ta spolu s Joachinom. Rieka Chobar, pri ktorej býval Ezechiel spolu s mnohými inými zajatcami z Júdska, bol niektorý kanál Eufratu v Babylonsku. Pri tomto videní oznámil Boh prorokovi svoju vôľu a vzniesol nad neho svoju ruku, to jest svojou pomocou ho uspôsobil, aby videnie pochopil.Zjav, ktorý videl Ezechiel, bol nadprirodzený. Sám prorok si je vedomý toho, že tento zjav je ťažko opísať, keďže pojmy známe ľuďom na to nestačia. Preto prorok, keď opisuje zjav, hovorí len o podobnosti so známymi pojmami, nie o totožnosti: zjav uprostred ohňa je len podobný lesklému kovu, ale nie je to kov atď. Keď k tomu uvážime, že aj osnova je na viacerých miestach porušená, porozumieme, prečo je ťažké dopodrobna si predstaviť alebo vysvetliť zjav, ktorý videl Ezechiel. Celkový zmysel však ostáva istý: Ezechiel videl Pána, ktorý tróni nad cherubmi.

Ez 1,4-14 - Bytosti, ktoré videl Ezechiel, mali postavu ľudskú, ale okrem ľudskej tváre mali ešte tri tváre zvieracie a boli okrídlené štyrmi krídlami. Chodili vzpriamené ako človek, len chodidlo nôh mali podobné chodidlu teľaťa. Z videnia nevysvitá, koľko rúk mal každý. Stáli asi tak, že ľudskou tvárou hľadel každý na inú stranu sveta a ich dve rozprestreté krídla tvorili štvorec, na uhloch ktorého sa im krídla vzájomne dotýkali. Ľudskou tvárou hľadel každý von zo štvorca, tvárou orlou opačne, do štvorca. Napravo od ľudskej každá bytosť mala tvár leva, naľavo tvár vola. Celý štvorec, utvorený týmito zázračnými bytosťami, sa pohyboval naraz, a to podľa vôle ducha Božieho, ktorý nad nimi sídlil. Keďže na všetky štyri strany mali tváre, nemuseli sa obrátiť, keď chceli zmeniť smer. Vedenia sa ujala vždy tá bytosť, ktorá mala ľudskú tvár obrátenú ta, kde mal ísť štvorec. Bytosti žiarili ako žeravé uhlie a ako oheň, ktorý horí kmitavým plameňom ako fakľa. Takýto oheň bol aj medzi bytosťami vo vnútri štvorca. Pri pohybe štvorca to vyzeralo tak, akoby z ohňa šľahali blesky.

Ez 1,15-21 - Pri každej bytosti, asi na uhloch nimi utvoreného štvorca, bolo koleso, každé vyzeralo ako oko z drahokamu, azda chryzolitu. Do každého kolesa bolo zapustené iné koleso, na každom uhle štvorca boli teda vlastne dve kolesá, ktoré boli do seba vklinené krížom tak, aby sa jedno pohybovalo smerom severo-južným, druhé východo-západným. Krútili sa teda na štyri strany bez toho, žeby ich bolo treba obrátiť.

Ez 1,22-28 - Nad hlavami živých bytostí bolo podnožie trónu Pánovho. Vyzeralo ako obloha z veľkého kryštálu. Na podnoží bol modrý zafírový trón, vlastne len čosi, čo sa takému trónu podobalo. Na tróne bol Pán v podobe človeka.Význam videnia. Pre Ezechiela a pre tých, ku ktorým ho Boh posiela, malo toto videnie ďalekosiahly symbolický význam. Veľká časť národa bola už v zajatí, videla nádhernú modloslužbu Babyloncov. Zajatci si mohli myslieť, že babylonskí bohovia zvíťazili nad Pánom, ktorý nezamedzil porážku svojho národa. Ba na zajatcov čakali ďalšie skúšky. V krátkom čase mal padnúť Jeruzalem, zahynúť chrám Pánov a do zajatia sa mal dostať celý národ. Preto bolo treba zajatcov ubezpečiť, že Pán nestratil svoju moc. Od severu prichádzali najväčší nepriatelia národa, Asýri, Skýti, Babylonci. Odtiaľ prichádza vo videní aj Pán, aby dokázal, že aj tam je on Pánom, čo dokázal aj tým, že v Babylone dáva svojmu prorokovi videnie. Pán je samá žiara, aby sa zdôraznilo, že je duchovná bytosť. Cherubíni sú obrátení na všetky štyri strany sveta, lebo Pán je vládcom celého sveta, ktorý všetko vidí, preto je na kolesách toľko očí. Ľudská tvár Cherubov zvýrazňuje ich rozumnosť, lev ich velebnosť, vôl, vlastne býk, ich silu a orol ich rýchlosť. Združujú v sebe všetky vlastnosti, ktoré pohania rozdeľujú medzi rozličné svoje božstvá. Anjeli, služobníci Pánovi, sú teda mocnejší než pohanské božstvá; ako by sa teda tieto pohanské božstvá mohli merať s Pánom samým. Videnie malo uistiť zajatcov, že on je Pánom aj v Babylone. Dúha však (verš 28) je odznakom nádeje (Gn 9,12–13). I keď je položenie národa smutné, nie je beznádejné; Pán neprestal byť jeho Bohom.