Kazateľ

Biblia - Sväté písmo

(CPDV - Anglický - Catholic PD)

Kaz 1, 1-18

1 The words of Ecclesiastes, the son of David, the king of Jerusalem. 2 Ecclesiastes said: Vanity of vanities! Vanity of vanities, and all is vanity! 3 What more does a man have from all his labor, as he labors under the sun? 4 A generation passes away, and a generation arrives. But the earth stands forever. 5 The sun rises and sets; it returns to its place, and from there, being born again, 6 it circles through the south, and arcs toward the north. The spirit continues on, illuminating everything in its circuit, and turning again in its cycle. 7 All rivers enter into the sea, and the sea does not overflow. To the place from which the rivers go out, they return, so that they may flow again. 8 Such things are difficult; man is not able to explain them with words. The eye is not satisfied by seeing, nor is the ear fulfilled by hearing. 9 What is it that has existed? The same shall exist in the future. What is it that has been done? The same shall continue to be done. 10 There is nothing new under the sun. Neither is anyone able to say: “Behold, this is new!” For it has already been brought forth in the ages that were before us. 11 There is no remembrance of the former things. Indeed, neither shall there be any record of past things in the future, for those who will exist at the very end. 12 I, Ecclesiastes, was king of Israel at Jerusalem. 13 And I was determined in my mind to seek and to investigate wisely, concerning all that is done under the sun. God has given this very difficult task to the sons of men, so that they may be occupied by it. 14 I have seen all that is done under the sun, and behold: all is emptiness and an affliction of the spirit. 15 The perverse are unwilling to be corrected, and the number of the foolish is boundless. 16 I have spoken in my heart, saying: “Behold, I have achieved greatness, and I have surpassed all the wise who were before me in Jerusalem.” And my mind has contemplated many things wisely, and I have learned. 17 And I have dedicated my heart, so that I may know prudence and doctrine, and also error and foolishness. Yet I recognize that, in these things also, there is hardship, and affliction of the spirit. 18 Because of this, with much wisdom there is also much anger. And whoever adds knowledge, also adds hardship.

Verš 9

What is it that has existed? The same shall exist in the future. What is it that has been done? The same shall continue to be done.

Kaz 3:15 - What has been made, the same continues. What is in the future, has already existed. And God restores what has passed away.

Verš 2

Ecclesiastes said: Vanity of vanities! Vanity of vanities, and all is vanity!

Ž 62:9 - My soul has clung close to you. Your right hand has supported me.

Ž 144:4 - Generation after generation will praise your works, and they will declare your power.

Verš 3

What more does a man have from all his labor, as he labors under the sun?

Kaz 2:22 - For how can a man benefit from all his labor and affliction of spirit, by which he has been tormented under the sun?

Kaz 3:9 - What more does a man have from his labor?

Verš 4

A generation passes away, and a generation arrives. But the earth stands forever.

Ž 104:5 - Remember his miracles, which he has done, his portents and the judgments of his mouth:

Verš 7

All rivers enter into the sea, and the sea does not overflow. To the place from which the rivers go out, they return, so that they may flow again.

Jób 38:8 - Who enclosed the sea with doors, when it broke forth as if issuing from the womb,

Ž 104:9 - which he assigned to Abraham, and his oath to Isaac.

Kaz 1,1 - Qohelet alebo Ecclesiastes (gr.): člen zhromaždenia (zhromaždenie – hebr. qahal, gr. ekklesía); znamená toho, kto hovorí – rečníka v zhromaždení (kazateľa), ktorý sa identifikuje s "kráľom nad Jeruzalemom". Ide tu o literárnu fikciu, ktorá za- mieňa autora so Šalamúnom, pretože sa preslávil múdrosťou (1 Kr 5,9–14).

Kaz 1,2 - "Márnosť" – hebrejsky hebel – znamená: vánok, dych, para a vôbec vec, ktorá rýchlo uniká, nemá dlhej stálosti.

Kaz 1,3 - "Pod slnkom – pod nebom", t. j. na tomto svete, v tomto časnom živote.

Kaz 1,4 - "Zem stojí naveky." Keď Sväté písmo hovorí o prírodných javoch, vyslovuje sa o nich neraz básnicky a iba podľa ľudových náhľadov, a nie teraz obvyklým vedeckým spôsobom.

Kaz 1,5 - "Ženie sa späť", podľa hebr. doslovne "túžobne sa hnať, žiadať si voľačo natoľko, že človek až dych tratí" (Jób 7,2). Možno, že v osnove pôvodne bolo "vracia sa" (podľa gr.).

Kaz 1,8 - Vg: Všetky veci unavujú človeka (ak pozoruje kolobeh mnohých prírodných javov).

Kaz 1,14 - Honba za vetrom: zhon za takou vecou, ktorú nemožno ani dohoniť, ani pevne uchytiť.

Kaz 1,16 - "Vzrástol som", podľa hebr. "rozmnožil som" (múdrosť svoju).