  | Kniha ExodusBiblia - Sväté písmo(KJV - Anglický - King James) | Ex 20, 1-26 |
1 Ex 20, 1 And God spake all these words, saying, 2 Ex 20, 2 I am the LORD thy God, which have brought thee out of the land of Egypt, out of the house of bondage. 3 Ex 20, 3 Thou shalt have no other gods before me. 4 Ex 20, 4 Thou shalt not make unto thee any graven image, or any likeness of any thing that is in heaven above, or that is in the earth beneath, or that is in the water under the earth: 5 Ex 20, 5 Thou shalt not bow down thyself to them, nor serve them: for I the LORD thy God am a jealous God, visiting the iniquity of the fathers upon the children unto the third and fourth generation of them that hate me; 6 Ex 20, 6 And shewing mercy unto thousands of them that love me, and keep my commandments. 7 Ex 20, 7 Thou shalt not take the name of the LORD thy God in vain; for the LORD will not hold him guiltless that taketh his name in vain. 8 Ex 20, 8 Remember the sabbath day, to keep it holy. 9 Ex 20, 9 Six days shalt thou labour, and do all thy work: 10 Ex 20, 10 But the seventh day is the sabbath of the LORD thy God: in it thou shalt not do any work, thou, nor thy son, nor thy daughter, thy manservant, nor thy maidservant, nor thy cattle, nor thy stranger that is within thy gates: 11 Ex 20, 11 For in six days the LORD made heaven and earth, the sea, and all that in them is, and rested the seventh day: wherefore the LORD blessed the sabbath day, and hallowed it. 12 Ex 20, 12 Honour thy father and thy mother: that thy days may be long upon the land which the LORD thy God giveth thee. 13 Ex 20, 13 Thou shalt not kill. 14 Ex 20, 14 Thou shalt not commit adultery. 15 Ex 20, 15 Thou shalt not steal. 16 Ex 20, 16 Thou shalt not bear false witness against thy neighbour. 17 Ex 20, 17 Thou shalt not covet thy neighbour's house, thou shalt not covet thy neighbour's wife, nor his manservant, nor his maidservant, nor his ox, nor his ass, nor any thing that is thy neighbour's. 18 Ex 20, 18 And all the people saw the thunderings, and the lightnings, and the noise of the trumpet, and the mountain smoking: and when the people saw it, they removed, and stood afar off. 19 Ex 20, 19 And they said unto Moses, Speak thou with us, and we will hear: but let not God speak with us, lest we die. 20 Ex 20, 20 And Moses said unto the people, Fear not: for God is come to prove you, and that his fear may be before your faces, that ye sin not. 21 Ex 20, 21 And the people stood afar off, and Moses drew near unto the thick darkness where God was. 22 Ex 20, 22 And the LORD said unto Moses, Thus thou shalt say unto the children of Israel, Ye have seen that I have talked with you from heaven. 23 Ex 20, 23 Ye shall not make with me gods of silver, neither shall ye make unto you gods of gold. 24 Ex 20, 24 An altar of earth thou shalt make unto me, and shalt sacrifice thereon thy burnt offerings, and thy peace offerings, thy sheep, and thine oxen: in all places where I record my name I will come unto thee, and I will bless thee. 25 Ex 20, 25 And if thou wilt make me an altar of stone, thou shalt not build it of hewn stone: for if thou lift up thy tool upon it, thou hast polluted it. 26 Ex 20, 26 Neither shalt thou go up by steps unto mine altar, that thy nakedness be not discovered thereon.
| | | Ex 20, 1-26 |
Verš 2
I am the LORD thy God, which have brought thee out of the land of Egypt, out of the house of bondage.
Ex 13:3 - And Moses said unto the people, Remember this day, in which ye came out from Egypt, out of the house of bondage; for by strength of hand the LORD brought you out from this place: there shall no leavened bread be eaten.
Dt 5:6 - I am the LORD thy God, which brought thee out of the land of Egypt, from the house of bondage.
Ž 81:10 - I am the LORD thy God, which brought thee out of the land of Egypt: open thy mouth wide, and I will fill it.
Verš 4
Thou shalt not make unto thee any graven image, or any likeness of any thing that is in heaven above, or that is in the earth beneath, or that is in the water under the earth:
Lv 26:1 - Ye shall make you no idols nor graven image, neither rear you up a standing image, neither shall ye set up any image of stone in your land, to bow down unto it: for I am the LORD your God.
Ž 97:7 - Confounded be all they that serve graven images, that boast themselves of idols: worship him, all ye gods.
Verš 7
Thou shalt not take the name of the LORD thy God in vain; for the LORD will not hold him guiltless that taketh his name in vain.
Lv 9:12 - And he slew the burnt offering; and Aaron's sons presented unto him the blood, which he sprinkled round about upon the altar.
Mt 5:33 - Again, ye have heard that it hath been said by them of old time, Thou shalt not forswear thyself, but shalt perform unto the Lord thine oaths:
Verš 8
Remember the sabbath day, to keep it holy.
Ez 20:12 - Moreover also I gave them my sabbaths, to be a sign between me and them, that they might know that I am the LORD that sanctify them.
Verš 9
Six days shalt thou labour, and do all thy work:
Ex 23:12 - Six days thou shalt do thy work, and on the seventh day thou shalt rest: that thine ox and thine ass may rest, and the son of thy handmaid, and the stranger, may be refreshed.
Ex 34:21 - Six days thou shalt work, but on the seventh day thou shalt rest: in earing time and in harvest thou shalt rest.
Lk 13:14 - And the ruler of the synagogue answered with indignation, because that Jesus had healed on the sabbath day, and said unto the people, There are six days in which men ought to work: in them therefore come and be healed, and not on the sabbath day.
Verš 11
For in six days the LORD made heaven and earth, the sea, and all that in them is, and rested the seventh day: wherefore the LORD blessed the sabbath day, and hallowed it.
Gn 2:2 - And on the seventh day God ended his work which he had made; and he rested on the seventh day from all his work which he had made.
Verš 12
Honour thy father and thy mother: that thy days may be long upon the land which the LORD thy God giveth thee.
Mt 15:4 - For God commanded, saying, Honour thy father and mother: and, He that curseth father or mother, let him die the death.
Ef 6:2 - Honour thy father and mother; (which is the first commandment with promise;)
Verš 13
Thou shalt not kill.
Mt 5:21 - Ye have heard that it was said by them of old time, Thou shalt not kill; and whosoever shall kill shall be in danger of the judgment:
Verš 14
Thou shalt not commit adultery.
Mt 5:27 - Ye have heard that it was said by them of old time, Thou shalt not commit adultery:
Verš 17
Thou shalt not covet thy neighbour's house, thou shalt not covet thy neighbour's wife, nor his manservant, nor his maidservant, nor his ox, nor his ass, nor any thing that is thy neighbour's.
Rim 7:7 - What shall we say then? Is the law sin? God forbid. Nay, I had not known sin, but by the law: for I had not known lust, except the law had said, Thou shalt not covet.
Verš 19
And they said unto Moses, Speak thou with us, and we will hear: but let not God speak with us, lest we die.
Dt 5:25 - Now therefore why should we die? for this great fire will consume us: if we hear the voice of the LORD our God any more, then we shall die.
Heb 12:19 - And the sound of a trumpet, and the voice of words; which voice they that heard intreated that the word should not be spoken to them any more:
Verš 21
And the people stood afar off, and Moses drew near unto the thick darkness where God was.
Ex 19:17 - And Moses brought forth the people out of the camp to meet with God; and they stood at the nether part of the mount.
Heb 12:18 - For ye are not come unto the mount that might be touched, and that burned with fire, nor unto blackness, and darkness, and tempest,
Verš 24
An altar of earth thou shalt make unto me, and shalt sacrifice thereon thy burnt offerings, and thy peace offerings, thy sheep, and thine oxen: in all places where I record my name I will come unto thee, and I will bless thee.
Ex 27:1 - And thou shalt make an altar of shittim wood, five cubits long, and five cubits broad; the altar shall be foursquare: and the height thereof shall be three cubits.
Ex 38:1 - And he made the altar of burnt offering of shittim wood: five cubits was the length thereof, and five cubits the breadth thereof; it was foursquare; and three cubits the height thereof.
Verš 25
And if thou wilt make me an altar of stone, thou shalt not build it of hewn stone: for if thou lift up thy tool upon it, thou hast polluted it.
Dt 27:5 - And there shalt thou build an altar unto the LORD thy God, an altar of stones: thou shalt not lift up any iron tool upon them.
Joz 8:30 - Then Joshua built an altar unto the LORD God of Israel in mount Ebal,
Ex 20,1 - Desatoro prikázaní obsahuje v krátkosti povinnosti k Bohu a blížnemu. Desať príkazov predstavuje základ a podmienky zmluvy, ktorú Pán uzavrel s Izraelom, a tak je aj podkladom pre dejinné poslanie vyvoleného národa.
Ex 20,5 - Pán je Boh žiarlivý, nestrpí nijakého súpera. Zmluva Pána s ľudom prirovnáva sa k manželstvu a nevera ľudu voči Bohu bude sa volať cudzoložstvom (Iz 1, 21; Jer 2,2; Ez 16,8 atď.).
Ex 20,7 - Nevyslovíš, doslova nevezmeš. Nadarmo – zbytočne; zakazuje sa vyslovovať meno Božie neúctivo, zneužívať ho na falošnú prísahu, kliať a rúhať sa.
Ex 20,8-11 - Zasvätenie soboty prikazuje sa slovami: Spomni … To prezrádza, že zasvätenie soboty už jestvovalo. Aj pri zázraku s mannou sa pripomína zasvätenie siedmeho dňa (16,22), čo je znakom, že zasvätenie soboty je staršieho dáta (Gn 2,3). V sobotu sa zakazovalo zbierať mannu (16,23 n.), zakazovalo sa variť a piecť, zapaľovať oheň (35,3), zbierať dre vo (Nm 15,32), orať a žať (34,21), nosiť bremená (Jer 17,21), obchodovať atď. Sobota sa začínala v piatok večer a končila sa v sobotu večer (Lv 23,32).
Ex 20,14 - Nescudzoložíš – prikazuje sa predovšetkým zachovávanie manželskej vernosti, lež spolu zakazujú sa všetky skutky, ktoré sa priečia čnosti čistoty, teda všetky hriechy nehanebnosti (Lv 20,10; Dt 22,22–24; Mt 5,21–32).
Ex 20,16 - Keďže svedok v hebrejčine označuje aj žalobcu, týmto príkazom sa zakazuje aj krivá obžaloba, falošné obvinenie. Tento príkaz chráni česť človeka.
Ex 20,17 - Deviaty a desiaty príkaz vzťahuje sa na hriešne žiadosti. Zakazuje sa nielen vonkajšie zlo, skutok, ale potláča sa ním priam koreň zla, žiadostivosť (Jak 1,14 n.). Desatoro je prirodzeným zákonom, a preto je také staré ako samo ľudstvo. Aj Izraeliti poznali tieto prirodzené zákony tak, ako ostatní Semiti. Na Sinaji sa tieto prirodzené zákony znova zdôrazňujú, vyhlasuje sa ich všeobecná záväznosť a platnosť, a tak Desatoro sa stáva pozitívnym zákonom Božím. Skutočnosť, že Desatoro je prirodzeným zákonom, vysvetľuje aj tú podobnosť, ktorá je medzi Desatorom a Kódexom Hamurapiho, aspoň o päťsto rokov starším ako vyhlásenie Desatora na Sinaji.
Ex 20,20 - U starých národov bolo presvedčenie, že človek, ktorý vidí Boha, nemôže ďalej ostať nažive. Ale Boh sa nezjavil, aby usmrtil ľud, naopak, zjavil sa, aby ľudí presvedčil o svojej velebe a takto v nich rozhojnil bázeň Božiu, ktorá ich uspôsobí a privedie k poslušnosti voči príkazom Božím a k odporu voči hriechu.
Ex 20,22 - Úryvok 20,22 –23,33 je najstaršou zbierkou izraelského zákonodarstva a podľa 24,4.7 napísal ho sám Mojžiš. Jeho obsahom sú rozličné doplňujúce zákony, týkajúce sa Desatora.
Ex 20,25 - Oltár mal byť bez okrasy. Dôvodom bolo, aby im nepripomínal dajakú podobu, aby sa tak Izraeliti chránili pred modloslužbou.
