Kniha Exodus

Biblia - Sväté písmo

(CPDV - Anglický - Catholic PD)

Ex 13, 1-22

1 And the Lord spoke to Moses, saying: 2 “Sanctify to me every firstborn which opens the womb among the sons of Israel, as much of men as of cattle. For they are all mine.” 3 And Moses said to the people: “Remember this day, on which you were taken away from Egypt and from the house of servitude. For with a strong hand the Lord has led you away from this place. Thus, you shall eat no leavened bread. 4 Today, you go forth in the month of new grain. 5 And when the Lord has brought you into the land of the Canaanite, and the Hittite, and the Amorite, and the Hivite, and the Jebusite, which he swore to your fathers that he would give to you, a land flowing with milk and honey, you will celebrate this manner of sacred rites in this month. 6 For seven days, you shall feed on unleavened bread. And on the seventh day, it will be the solemnity of the Lord. 7 You shall consume unleavened bread for seven days. There shall not be seen anything leavened with you, nor in all your parts. 8 And you will explain to your son in that day, saying: ‘This is what the Lord did for me when I was taken away from Egypt.’ 9 And it will be like a sign in your hand and like a memorial before your eyes. And so may the law of the Lord be always in your mouth. For with a strong hand, the Lord led you away from the 38 land of Egypt. 10 You will keep this observance, at the established time, from day to day. 11 And when the Lord has brought you into the land of the Canaanite, just as he swore to you and to your fathers, and when he will give it you, 12 then you shall set aside for the Lord all that opens the womb and all that is first to go forth among your cattle. Whatever you will have of the male sex, you shall consecrate to the Lord. 13 The firstborn of a donkey you will exchange for a sheep. And if you will not redeem it, you shall put it to death. But every firstborn of man among your sons, you shall redeem with a price. 14 And when your son will question you tomorrow, saying, ‘What is this?’ you will respond, ‘With a strong hand the Lord led us away from the land of Egypt, from the house of servitude. 15 For when Pharaoh had been hardened and was unwilling to release us, the Lord killed every firstborn in the land of Egypt, from the firstborn of man, even to the firstborn of beasts. For this reason, I immolate to the Lord all of the male sex that opens the womb, and all the firstborn of my sons I redeem.’ 16 Therefore, it will be like a sign in your hand and like something hanging between your eyes as a remembrance, because with a strong hand the Lord has led us away from Egypt.” 17 And so, when Pharaoh had sent the people away, God did not lead them by the way of the land of the Philistines, which is nearby, considering that perhaps they might relapse, if they saw wars rise up against them, and then they might return to Egypt. 18 But he led them around by the way of the desert, which is next to the Red Sea. And so the sons of Israel ascended, armed, out of the land of Egypt. 19 Also, Moses took the bones of Joseph with him, because he had sworn to the sons of Israel, saying: “God will visit you. Carry my bones away from here with you.” 20 And setting out from Soccoth, they encamped at Etham, in the most distant parts of the wilderness. 21 Now the Lord preceded them to show them the way, by day with a pillar of cloud, and by night with a pillar of fire, so that he might be the leader of their journey at both times. 22 These never failed: a pillar of cloud by day, and a pillar of fire by night, in the sight of the people.

Verš 2

“Sanctify to me every firstborn which opens the womb among the sons of Israel, as much of men as of cattle. For they are all mine.”

Ex 22:29 - You shall not delay in paying your tithes and your first-fruits. You shall give the firstborn of your sons to me.

Ex 34:19 - All of the male kind, which open the womb, shall be mine: from all the animals, as much of oxen as of sheep, it shall be mine.

Lv 27:26 - The 71 firstborn, which belong to the Lord, no one is able to sanctify or vow, whether it is an ox, or a sheep, they are for the Lord.

Nm 3:13 - For every firstborn is mine. From the time that I struck the firstborn in the land of Egypt, I have sanctified for myself whatever is born first in Israel. From man, even to beast, they are mine. I am the Lord.”

Nm 8:17 - For all the firstborn of the sons of Israel, as much from men as from beasts, are mine. From the day when I struck down all the firstborn in the land of Egypt, I have sanctified them to myself.

Lk 2:23 - just as it is written in the law of the Lord, “For every male opening the womb shall be called holy to the Lord,”

Verš 4

Today, you go forth in the month of new grain.

Ex 23:15 - You shall keep the solemnity of unleavened bread. For seven days you shall eat unleavened bread, just as I instructed you, at the time of the month of new grain, when you departed from Egypt. You shall not appear empty-handed in my sight,

Verš 12

then you shall set aside for the Lord all that opens the womb and all that is first to go forth among your cattle. Whatever you will have of the male sex, you shall consecrate to the Lord.

Ex 22:30 - You shall do likewise with those of the oxen and the sheep. For seven days, let it be with its mother; on the eighth day you shall repay it to me.

Ex 34:19 - All of the male kind, which open the womb, shall be mine: from all the animals, as much of oxen as of sheep, it shall be mine.

Lv 27:26 - The 71 firstborn, which belong to the Lord, no one is able to sanctify or vow, whether it is an ox, or a sheep, they are for the Lord.

Ez 44:30 - And the first-fruits of all the firstborn, and all the libations out of all that is offered, shall belong to the priests. And you shall give the first-fruits of your foods to the priest, so that he may return a blessing to your house.

Verš 19

Also, Moses took the bones of Joseph with him, because he had sworn to the sons of Israel, saying: “God will visit you. Carry my bones away from here with you.”

Gn 50:25 - he died, having completed one hundred and ten years of his life. And having been embalmed with aromatics, he was laid to rest in a coffin in Egypt.

Joz 24:32 - And the bones of Joseph, which the sons of Israel had brought from Egypt, they buried at Shechem, in a portion of the field that Jacob had purchased from the sons of Hamor, the father of Shechem, for one hundred young female sheep, and so it was in the possession of the sons of Joseph.

Verš 20

And setting out from Soccoth, they encamped at Etham, in the most distant parts of the wilderness.

Nm 33:6 - And from Soccoth they went to Etham, which is at the furthest limits of the wilderness.

Verš 21

Now the Lord preceded them to show them the way, by day with a pillar of cloud, and by night with a pillar of fire, so that he might be the leader of their journey at both times.

Ex 40:38 -

Nm 14:14 - and the inhabitants of this land, who have heard that you, O Lord, are among this people, and that you are seen face to face, and that your cloud protects them, and that you go before them with a column of cloud by day, and a column of fire by night,

Dt 1:33 - who went before you on the way, and who marked out the place where you should pitch your tents, showing you the way by fire in the night, and by a pillar of cloud in the day.

Neh 9:12 - And in the pillar of cloud, you were their leader by day, and in the pillar of fire, by night, so that they might see the way along which they might advance.

Neh 9:19 - even so, in the multitude of your mercies, you did not send them away in the desert. The pillar of cloud did not withdraw from them by day, so that it might lead them on the way, nor the pillar of fire by night, so that it might show them the way along which they might advance.

Ž 78:14 -

Ž 105:39 - and was contaminated with their works. And they fornicated according to their own inventions.

1Kor 10:1 - For I do not want you to be ignorant, brothers, that our fathers were all under the cloud, and they all went across the sea.

Ex 13,2 - Zasväťte mi, oddeľte mi, pre mňa určite ako vec posvätnú všetko prvorodené, čo u Izraelitov otvára materské lono. Prvorodení z ľudí (mužského pohlavia) mali slúžiť Bohu ako kňazi, neskoršie však na túto hodnosť bol určený kmeň Léviho. Predpis nesúvisí s Paschou, ale so smrťou egyptských prvorodených.

Ex 13,13 - Osol bol zvieraťom nečistým; nebolo dovolené obetovať nečisté zvieratá.

Ex 13,16 - Porov. v. 9. Po návrate z babylonského zajatia Židia vkladali slová v. 1–10 a 11–16 ako i Dt 6,4–9 a Dt 11,13–21 do kožených schránok a priväzovali si ich na čelo a na ľavú ruku remienkami. Tieto modlitebné remienky, zvané tefillín, spomínajú sa v Mt 23,5.

Ex 13,17 - Tu sa začína vlastný exodus, cesta Božieho ľudu z egyptského otroctva po púšti do zasľúbenej zeme. Kresťanská tradícia v ňom vidí predobraz cesty, ktorou sa uberá Cirkev (alebo veriaca duša) púšťou života k blaženej večnosti.

Ex 13,19 - Pozri Gn 50,24.

Ex 13,21-22 - Oblačný stĺp a ohňový stĺp je jedným a tým istým javom (14, 24). Cez deň bol tmavý a v noci svietil. Prostredníctvom tohto stĺpa Boh ukazuje, že je prítomný medzi svojím ľudom a že ich aj vedie a určuje im cestu.