Kniha Exodus

Biblia - Sväté písmo

(KJV - Anglický - King James)

Ex 1, 1-22

1 Now these are the names of the children of Israel, which came into Egypt; every man and his household came with Jacob. 2 Reuben, Simeon, Levi, and Judah, 3 Issachar, Zebulun, and Benjamin, 4 Dan, and Naphtali, Gad, and Asher. 5 And all the souls that came out of the loins of Jacob were seventy souls: for Joseph was in Egypt already. 6 And Joseph died, and all his brethren, and all that generation. 7 And the children of Israel were fruitful, and increased abundantly, and multiplied, and waxed exceeding mighty; and the land was filled with them. 8 Now there arose up a new king over Egypt, which knew not Joseph. 9 And he said unto his people, Behold, the people of the children of Israel are more and mightier than we: 10 Come on, let us deal wisely with them; lest they multiply, and it come to pass, that, when there falleth out any war, they join also unto our enemies, and fight against us, and so get them up out of the land. 11 Therefore they did set over them taskmasters to afflict them with their burdens. And they built for Pharaoh treasure cities, Pithom and Raamses. 12 But the more they afflicted them, the more they multiplied and grew. And they were grieved because of the children of Israel. 13 And the Egyptians made the children of Israel to serve with rigour: 14 And they made their lives bitter with hard bondage, in morter, and in brick, and in all manner of service in the field: all their service, wherein they made them serve, was with rigour. 15 And the king of Egypt spake to the Hebrew midwives, of which the name of the one was Shiphrah, and the name of the other Puah: 16 And he said, When ye do the office of a midwife to the Hebrew women, and see them upon the stools; if it be a son, then ye shall kill him: but if it be a daughter, then she shall live. 17 But the midwives feared God, and did not as the king of Egypt commanded them, but saved the men children alive. 18 And the king of Egypt called for the midwives, and said unto them, Why have ye done this thing, and have saved the men children alive? 19 And the midwives said unto Pharaoh, Because the Hebrew women are not as the Egyptian women; for they are lively, and are delivered ere the midwives come in unto them. 20 Therefore God dealt well with the midwives: and the people multiplied, and waxed very mighty. 21 And it came to pass, because the midwives feared God, that he made them houses. 22 And Pharaoh charged all his people, saying, Every son that is born ye shall cast into the river, and every daughter ye shall save alive.

Verš 1

Now these are the names of the children of Israel, which came into Egypt; every man and his household came with Jacob.

Gn 46:8 - And these are the names of the children of Israel, which came into Egypt, Jacob and his sons: Reuben, Jacob's firstborn.

Ex 6:14 - These be the heads of their fathers' houses: The sons of Reuben the firstborn of Israel; Hanoch, and Pallu, Hezron, and Carmi: these be the families of Reuben.

Verš 5

And all the souls that came out of the loins of Jacob were seventy souls: for Joseph was in Egypt already.

Gn 46:27 - And the sons of Joseph, which were born him in Egypt, were two souls: all the souls of the house of Jacob, which came into Egypt, were threescore and ten.

Dt 10:22 - Thy fathers went down into Egypt with threescore and ten persons; and now the LORD thy God hath made thee as the stars of heaven for multitude.

Sk 7:14 - Then sent Joseph, and called his father Jacob to him, and all his kindred, threescore and fifteen souls.

Verš 6

And Joseph died, and all his brethren, and all that generation.

Gn 50:26 - So Joseph died, being an hundred and ten years old: and they embalmed him, and he was put in a coffin in Egypt.

Verš 7

And the children of Israel were fruitful, and increased abundantly, and multiplied, and waxed exceeding mighty; and the land was filled with them.

Dt 26:5 - And thou shalt speak and say before the LORD thy God, A Syrian ready to perish was my father, and he went down into Egypt, and sojourned there with a few, and became there a nation, great, mighty, and populous:

Sk 7:17 - But when the time of the promise drew nigh, which God had sworn to Abraham, the people grew and multiplied in Egypt,

Verš 8

Now there arose up a new king over Egypt, which knew not Joseph.

Sk 7:18 - Till another king arose, which knew not Joseph.

Verš 10

Come on, let us deal wisely with them; lest they multiply, and it come to pass, that, when there falleth out any war, they join also unto our enemies, and fight against us, and so get them up out of the land.

Sk 7:19 - The same dealt subtilly with our kindred, and evil entreated our fathers, so that they cast out their young children, to the end they might not live.

Verš 12

But the more they afflicted them, the more they multiplied and grew. And they were grieved because of the children of Israel.

Ž 105:24 - And he increased his people greatly; and made them stronger than their enemies.

Verš 22

And Pharaoh charged all his people, saying, Every son that is born ye shall cast into the river, and every daughter ye shall save alive.

Sk 7:19 - The same dealt subtilly with our kindred, and evil entreated our fathers, so that they cast out their young children, to the end they might not live.

Ex 1,1-6 - Ako je zjavné aj z Knihy Genezis, Izraeliti boli presvedčení, že v Egypte neostanú natrvalo. Ich zraky sa ustavične upierali na Kanaán. Veď Boh Abrahámovi prisľúbil, že jeho potomstvo dostane Kanaán do vlastníctva (Gn 12,7; 13,15), aj mu oznámil, že jeho potomkovia budú žiť v cudzej krajine, kde ich budú utláčať (Gn 15,13); poroba však nebude trvať dlho a oni sa vrátia do svojej krajiny (Gn 15,13.14). O návrate do kanaánskej krajiny bol presvedčený aj Jozef. Pred svojou smrťou vyslovil žiadosť, aby jeho kosti preniesli do zasľúbenej zeme (Gn 50,24). O pobyte Izraelitov v Egypte má Písmo len skromné záznamy a vonkoncom neuvádza dejiny temer za štyristo rokov. Čas od Jozefa po Mojžiša je nám celkom neznámy. Za tieto štyri storočia Jakubova rodina vzrástla v národ, prostredníctvom ktorého Boh uskutoční svoj zámer skrze Syna svojho spasiť ľudstvo. Izraeliti žili v Egypte pospolu, skoro odlúčení od pohanov a takto mohli zachovať svoje náboženstvo čisté a neporušené. Poroba Izraela má tiež svoj význam. Veď bieda učí modliť sa. V nešťastí spomínali si na svojho Boha, Pána, ktorý patriarchom preukázal takú lásku a ochranu. Obrat "mená Izraelových synov" označuje už národ, izraelský národ. Uvádzajú sa mená Jakubových synov, aby sa videlo, z akých nepatrných začiatkov vznikol vyvolený národ, ako Boh splnil svoj prísľub, ktorý dal patriarchom.

Ex 1,8 - Pravdepodobne bol ním Ramesse II. z 19. dynastie, ktorý vládol do roku 1235 pr. Kr.

Ex 1,11 - Obe mestá sú v severnom Egypte, skoro na hranici Egypta. Bolo ich treba opevniť, najmä keď hrozilo nebezpečenstvo od severovýchodu. Stavali sa v nich aj zásobárne pre obilie a zbrane, aby všetko bolo pripravené pre bojovú výpravu do Sýrie.

Ex 1,14 - Okrem stavieb Izraeliti mali na starosti aj prípravu stavebného materiálu. Robili tehly z nílskeho bahna, pomiešaného so slamou. Pracovali na poliach, zavodňovali, siali, orali a žali. Poľná práca je v Egypte veľmi ťažká, človek sa na hroznej horúčave ihneď vysilí.