Verš 2
I will open my mouth in a parable: I will utter dark sayings of old:
Ž 49:4 - I will incline mine ear to a parable: I will open my dark saying upon the harp.
Mt 13:35 - That it might be fulfilled which was spoken by the prophet, saying, I will open my mouth in parables; I will utter things which have been kept secret from the foundation of the world.
Verš 5
For he established a testimony in Jacob, and appointed a law in Israel, which he commanded our fathers, that they should make them known to their children:
Dt 4:9 - Only take heed to thyself, and keep thy soul diligently, lest thou forget the things which thine eyes have seen, and lest they depart from thy heart all the days of thy life: but teach them thy sons, and thy sons' sons;
Dt 6:7 - And thou shalt teach them diligently unto thy children, and shalt talk of them when thou sittest in thine house, and when thou walkest by the way, and when thou liest down, and when thou risest up.
Verš 8
And might not be as their fathers, a stubborn and rebellious generation; a generation that set not their heart aright, and whose spirit was not stedfast with God.
Ex 32:9 - And the LORD said unto Moses, I have seen this people, and, behold, it is a stiffnecked people:
Ex 33:3 - Unto a land flowing with milk and honey: for I will not go up in the midst of thee; for thou art a stiffnecked people: lest I consume thee in the way.
Ex 33:5 - For the LORD had said unto Moses, Say unto the children of Israel, Ye are a stiffnecked people: I will come up into the midst of thee in a moment, and consume thee: therefore now put off thy ornaments from thee, that I may know what to do unto thee.
Ex 34:9 - And he said, If now I have found grace in thy sight, O Lord, let my Lord, I pray thee, go among us; for it is a stiffnecked people; and pardon our iniquity and our sin, and take us for thine inheritance.
Dt 9:6 - Understand therefore, that the LORD thy God giveth thee not this good land to possess it for thy righteousness; for thou art a stiffnecked people.
Dt 9:13 - Furthermore the LORD spake unto me, saying, I have seen this people, and, behold, it is a stiffnecked people:
Dt 31:27 - For I know thy rebellion, and thy stiff neck: behold, while I am yet alive with you this day, ye have been rebellious against the LORD; and how much more after my death?
Verš 13
He divided the sea, and caused them to pass through; and he made the waters to stand as an heap.
Ex 14:21 - And Moses stretched out his hand over the sea; and the LORD caused the sea to go back by a strong east wind all that night, and made the sea dry land, and the waters were divided.
Verš 14
In the daytime also he led them with a cloud, and all the night with a light of fire.
Ex 13:21 - And the LORD went before them by day in a pillar of a cloud, to lead them the way; and by night in a pillar of fire, to give them light; to go by day and night:
Ž 105:39 - He spread a cloud for a covering; and fire to give light in the night.
Verš 15
He clave the rocks in the wilderness, and gave them drink as out of the great depths.
Ex 17:6 - Behold, I will stand before thee there upon the rock in Horeb; and thou shalt smite the rock, and there shall come water out of it, that the people may drink. And Moses did so in the sight of the elders of Israel.
Nm 20:11 - And Moses lifted up his hand, and with his rod he smote the rock twice: and the water came out abundantly, and the congregation drank, and their beasts also.
Ž 105:41 - He opened the rock, and the waters gushed out; they ran in the dry places like a river.
1Kor 10:4 - And did all drink the same spiritual drink: for they drank of that spiritual Rock that followed them: and that Rock was Christ.
Verš 19
Yea, they spake against God; they said, Can God furnish a table in the wilderness?
Nm 11:1 - And when the people complained, it displeased the LORD: and the LORD heard it; and his anger was kindled; and the fire of the LORD burnt among them, and consumed them that were in the uttermost parts of the camp.
Nm 11:4 - And the mixt multitude that was among them fell a lusting: and the children of Israel also wept again, and said, Who shall give us flesh to eat?
Verš 20
Behold, he smote the rock, that the waters gushed out, and the streams overflowed; can he give bread also? can he provide flesh for his people?
Ex 17:6 - Behold, I will stand before thee there upon the rock in Horeb; and thou shalt smite the rock, and there shall come water out of it, that the people may drink. And Moses did so in the sight of the elders of Israel.
Nm 20:11 - And Moses lifted up his hand, and with his rod he smote the rock twice: and the water came out abundantly, and the congregation drank, and their beasts also.
Verš 21
Therefore the LORD heard this, and was wroth: so a fire was kindled against Jacob, and anger also came up against Israel;
Nm 11:1 - And when the people complained, it displeased the LORD: and the LORD heard it; and his anger was kindled; and the fire of the LORD burnt among them, and consumed them that were in the uttermost parts of the camp.
Verš 24
And had rained down manna upon them to eat, and had given them of the corn of heaven.
Ex 16:14 - And when the dew that lay was gone up, behold, upon the face of the wilderness there lay a small round thing, as small as the hoar frost on the ground.
Verš 25
Man did eat angels' food: he sent them meat to the full.
Jn 6:31 - Our fathers did eat manna in the desert; as it is written, He gave them bread from heaven to eat.
1Kor 10:3 - And did all eat the same spiritual meat;
Verš 26
He caused an east wind to blow in the heaven: and by his power he brought in the south wind.
Nm 11:31 - And there went forth a wind from the LORD, and brought quails from the sea, and let them fall by the camp, as it were a day's journey on this side, and as it were a day's journey on the other side, round about the camp, and as it were two cubits high upon the face of the earth.
Verš 31
The wrath of God came upon them, and slew the fattest of them, and smote down the chosen men of Israel.
Nm 11:33 - And while the flesh was yet between their teeth, ere it was chewed, the wrath of the LORD was kindled against the people, and the LORD smote the people with a very great plague.
1Kor 10:5 - But with many of them God was not well pleased: for they were overthrown in the wilderness.
Verš 44
And had turned their rivers into blood; and their floods, that they could not drink.
Ex 7:20 - And Moses and Aaron did so, as the LORD commanded; and he lifted up the rod, and smote the waters that were in the river, in the sight of Pharaoh, and in the sight of his servants; and all the waters that were in the river were turned to blood.
Verš 45
He sent divers sorts of flies among them, which devoured them; and frogs, which destroyed them.
Ex 8:24 - And the LORD did so; and there came a grievous swarm of flies into the house of Pharaoh, and into his servants' houses, and into all the land of Egypt: the land was corrupted by reason of the swarm of flies.
Ex 8:6 - And Aaron stretched out his hand over the waters of Egypt; and the frogs came up, and covered the land of Egypt.
Verš 46
He gave also their increase unto the caterpiller, and their labour unto the locust.
Ex 10:13 - And Moses stretched forth his rod over the land of Egypt, and the LORD brought an east wind upon the land all that day, and all that night; and when it was morning, the east wind brought the locusts.
Verš 47
He destroyed their vines with hail, and their sycomore trees with frost.
Ex 9:23 - And Moses stretched forth his rod toward heaven: and the LORD sent thunder and hail, and the fire ran along upon the ground; and the LORD rained hail upon the land of Egypt.
Verš 50
He made a way to his anger; he spared not their soul from death, but gave their life over to the pestilence;
Ex 9:6 - And the LORD did that thing on the morrow, and all the cattle of Egypt died: but of the cattle of the children of Israel died not one.
Verš 51
And smote all the firstborn in Egypt; the chief of their strength in the tabernacles of Ham:
Ex 12:29 - And it came to pass, that at midnight the LORD smote all the firstborn in the land of Egypt, from the firstborn of Pharoah that sat on his throne unto the firstborn of the captive that was in the dungeon; and all the firstborn of cattle.
Verš 53
And he led them on safely, so that they feared not: but the sea overwhelmed their enemies.
Ex 14:27 - And Moses stretched forth his hand over the sea, and the sea returned to his strength when the morning appeared; and the Egyptians fled against it; and the LORD overthrew the Egyptians in the midst of the sea.
Ex 15:10 - Thou didst blow with thy wind, the sea covered them: they sank as lead in the mighty waters.
Verš 55
He cast out the heathen also before them, and divided them an inheritance by line, and made the tribes of Israel to dwell in their tents.
Joz 13:7 - Now therefore divide this land for an inheritance unto the nine tribes, and the half tribe of Manasseh,
Ž 136:21 - And gave their land for an heritage: for his mercy endureth for ever:
Verš 58
For they provoked him to anger with their high places, and moved him to jealousy with their graven images.
Dt 32:16 - They provoked him to jealousy with strange gods, with abominations provoked they him to anger.
Dt 32:21 - They have moved me to jealousy with that which is not God; they have provoked me to anger with their vanities: and I will move them to jealousy with those which are not a people; I will provoke them to anger with a foolish nation.
Verš 61
And delivered his strength into captivity, and his glory into the enemy's hand.
1Sam 4:10 - And the Philistines fought, and Israel was smitten, and they fled every man into his tent: and there was a very great slaughter; for there fell of Israel thirty thousand footmen.
Verš 64
Their priests fell by the sword; and their widows made no lamentation.
1Sam 4:11 - And the ark of God was taken; and the two sons of Eli, Hophni and Phinehas, were slain.
1Sam 4:18 - And it came to pass, when he made mention of the ark of God, that he fell from off the seat backward by the side of the gate, and his neck brake, and he died: for he was an old man, and heavy. And he had judged Israel forty years.
1Sam 4:19 - And his daughter in law, Phinehas' wife, was with child, near to be delivered: and when she heard the tidings that the ark of God was taken, and that her father in law and her husband were dead, she bowed herself and travailed; for her pains came upon her.
Verš 66
And he smote his enemies in the hinder parts: he put them to a perpetual reproach.
1Sam 5:6 - But the hand of the LORD was heavy upon them of Ashdod, and he destroyed them, and smote them with emerods, even Ashdod and the coasts thereof.
1Sam 6:4 - Then said they, What shall be the trespass offering which we shall return to him? They answered, Five golden emerods, and five golden mice, according to the number of the lords of the Philistines: for one plague was on you all, and on your lords.
Verš 70
He chose David also his servant, and took him from the sheepfolds:
1Sam 16:11 - And Samuel said unto Jesse, Are here all thy children? And he said, There remaineth yet the youngest, and, behold, he keepeth the sheep. And Samuel said unto Jesse, Send and fetch him: for we will not sit down till he come hither.
2Sam 7:8 - Now therefore so shalt thou say unto my servant David, Thus saith the LORD of hosts, I took thee from the sheepcote, from following the sheep, to be ruler over my people, over Israel:
Verš 71
From following the ewes great with young he brought him to feed Jacob his people, and Israel his inheritance.
2Sam 5:2 - Also in time past, when Saul was king over us, thou wast he that leddest out and broughtest in Israel: and the LORD said to thee, Thou shalt feed my people Israel, and thou shalt be a captain over Israel.
1Krn 11:2 - And moreover in time past, even when Saul was king, thou wast he that leddest out and broughtest in Israel: and the LORD thy God said unto thee, Thou shalt feed my people Israel, and thou shalt be ruler over my people Israel, and thou shalt be ruler over my people Israel.
Z 78 - Tento žalm je prvým z tzv. historických žalmov (78, 105, 106). Asaf, ktorý žil ešte i za kráľa Šalamúna (2 Krn 5,12), v žalme zachytáva históriu vyvoleného národa od odchodu z Egypta až po kráľa Dávida, presnejšie, až po vzburu desiatich severných kmeňov, ktorú viedol Seba z Benjamínovho rodu a ktorá nasledovala hneď po potlačení Absolónovej vzbury. Bolo to teda už ku koncu Dávidovho kráľovstva (1012-972).
Z 78,2 - Bude rozprávať v "porekadlách", "v podobenstvách" (hebr. ,mašál'), v poučných obrazoch a v piesni.
Z 78,9 - Kmeň Efraimov počtom veľký, ale vo viere v Boha chabý.
Z 78,12 - "Tanis-Zoán", staré mesto v delte Nílu, vtedy hlavné mesto Egypta.
Z 78,25 - "Chlieb anjelský" - doslova: "Chlieb silných" - "lehem 'abbírim". Anjeli sa v Písme často volajú "silní" (Ž 103,20; Múd 16,20; 19,20). Manna sa volá "chlieb anjelský", lebo prichádza z neba, zo sídla anjelov (a preto aj "chlieb z neba"; porov. Jn 6,32.50).
Z 78,51 - "Stany Chámove" označujú Egypt.
Z 78,61 - "Svoju silu… nádheru" - archu zmluvy.
Z 78,67 - Archa sa už nevracia do Šíla, ktoré je na území Efraima, ale je prenesená na vrch Sion v Júdsku, kde jej Dávid postavil svätyňu (1 Sam 6,1 n.; 7,1.2; 2 Sam 6). Slová sú však aj mesiášske. Veď pozemský Jeruzalem bol zničený (587).
Z 78,71 - Aby vládol nielen nad kmeňom Júdu, ale nad celým národom, ktorý sa tu označuje menami Izrael a Jakub.
