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Kniha Genezis

Biblia - Sväté písmo

(KAT - Katolícky preklad)

Gn 38, 1-30

1 (KAT) Bolo to asi v tom čase, keď sa Júda odtiahol od svojich bratov a svoj stan rozložil pri mužovi z Odolamy, ktorý sa volal Hiram.
1 (VUL) Eo tempore descendens Iudas a fratribus suis divertit ad virum Odollamitem nomine Hiram.
1 (UKJV) And it came to pass at that time, that Judah went down from his brethren, and turned in to a certain Adullamite, whose name was Hirah.

2 (KAT) Tam Júda videl dcéru istého Kanaánčana, ktorý sa volal Sue. Vzal si ju za ženu a obcoval s ňou.
2 (VUL) Viditque ibi filiam hominis Chananaei vocabulo Sue et, accepta uxore, ingressus est ad eam.
2 (UKJV) "And Judah saw there a daughter of a certain Canaanite, whose name was Shuah; and he took her, and went in unto her. "

3 (KAT) Ona počala a porodila syna, a nazvala ho Her.
3 (VUL) Quae concepit et peperit filium vocavitque nomen eius Her.
3 (UKJV) "And she conceived, and bare a son; and he called his name Er. "

4 (KAT) Potom znova počala a porodila syna, a dala mu meno Onan.
4 (VUL) Rursumque concepto fetu, natum filium nominavit Onan.
4 (UKJV) "And she conceived again, and bare a son; and she called his name Onan. "

5 (KAT) Nato ešte raz počala a zasa porodila syna, ktorého nazvala Sela. Keď ho porodila, bola v Kezibe.
5 (VUL) Tertium quoque peperit, quem appellavit Sela. Ipsa autem erat in Chasib, quando peperit illum.
5 (UKJV) "And she yet again conceived, and bare a son; and called his name Shelah: and he was at Chezib, when she bare him. "

6 (KAT) Júda potom vzal svojmu prvorodenému Herovi za manželku Tamaru.
6 (VUL) Dedit autem Iudas uxorem primogenito suo Her nomine Thamar.
6 (UKJV) And Judah took a wife for Er his firstborn, whose name was Tamar.

7 (KAT) Ale Her, Júdov prvorodený, sa znepáčil Pánovi a Pán mu dal zomrieť.
7 (VUL) Fuit quoque Her primogenitus Iudae nequam in conspectu Domini, et ab eo occisus est.
7 (UKJV) "And Er, Judah's firstborn, was wicked in the sight of the LORD; and the LORD slew him. "

8 (KAT) Vtedy Júda povedal Onanovi: „Obcuj so ženou svojho brata, vezmi si ju za ženu a zaisti potomstvo svojmu bratovi!“
8 (VUL) Dixit ergo Iudas ad Onan: “ Ingredere ad uxorem fratris tui et sociare illi, ut suscites semen fratri tuo ”.
8 (UKJV) And Judah said unto Onan, Go in unto your brother's wife, and marry her, and raise up seed to your brother.

9 (KAT) Keďže Onan vedel, že potomstvo nebude jeho, kedykoľvek obcoval so ženou svojho brata, zakaždým vylieval semeno na zem, len aby neposkytol potomstvo svojmu bratovi.
9 (VUL) Ille, sciens non sibi nasci hunc filium, introiens ad uxorem fratris sui semen fundebat in terram, ne proles fratris nomine nasceretur.
9 (UKJV) "And Onan knew that the seed should not be his; and it came to pass, when he went in unto his brother's wife, that he spilled it on the ground, lest that he should give seed to his brother. "

10 (KAT) Pánovi sa však znepáčilo, čo robil, a dal zomrieť aj jemu.
10 (VUL) Et idcirco occidit et eum Dominus, quod rem detestabilem fecerat.
10 (UKJV) And the thing which he did displeased the LORD: wherefore he slew him also.

11 (KAT) Potom Júda povedal svojej neveste Tamare: „Bývaj ako vdova v dome svojho otca, kým nedorastie môj syn Sela!“ Myslel si totiž, že by aj on zomrel ako jeho brat. Tamar teda odišla a bývala v dome svojho otca.
11 (VUL) Quam ob rem dixit Iudas Thamar nurui suae: “ Esto vidua in domo patris tui, donec crescat Sela filius meus ”. Timebat, enim, ne et ipse moreretur sicut fratres eius. Quae abiit et habitavit in domo patris sui.
11 (UKJV) Then said Judah to Tamar his daughter in law, Remain a widow at your father's house, till Shelah my son be grown: for he said, Lest possibly he die also, as his brethren did. And Tamar went and dwelt in her father's house.

12 (KAT) Po dlhšom čase Sueho dcéra, Júdova žena zomrela. Keď sa Júdovi skončil smútok, šiel so svojím priateľom Hirom z Odolamy do Tamny k strihačom svojich oviec.
12 (VUL) Evolutis autem multis diebus, mortua est filia Sue uxor Iudae. Qui, post luctum consolatione suscepta, ascendebat ad tonsores ovium suarum ipse et Hiras amicus suus Odollamites in Thamnam.
12 (UKJV) "And in process of time the daughter of Shuah Judah's wife died; and Judah was comforted, and went up unto his sheepshearers to Timnath, he and his friend Hirah the Adullamite. "

13 (KAT) Tamare oznámili: „Práve prichádza do Tamny tvoj svokor strihať ovce.“
13 (VUL) Nuntiatumque est Thamar quod socer illius ascenderet in Thamnam ad tondendas oves.
13 (UKJV) And it was told Tamar, saying, Behold your father in law goes up to Timnath to shear his sheep.

14 (KAT) Ona odložila svoje vdovské šaty, prikryla sa závojom a zahalená si sadla pri vchode do Enaimu, ktorý je na ceste do Tamny, lebo videla, že ju nedali za ženu Selovi, hoci už dorástol.
14 (VUL) Quae, depositis viduitatis vestibus, cooperuit se velo et, mutato habitu, sedit in porta Enaim in via, quae ducit Thamnam; eo quod crevisset Sela, et non eum accepisset maritum.
14 (UKJV) "And she put her widow's garments off from her, and covered her with a vail, and wrapped herself, and sat in an open place, which is by the way to Timnath; for she saw that Shelah was grown, and she was not given unto him to wife. "

15 (KAT) Keď ju takto Júda zbadal, pokladal ju za pobehlicu, lebo si zahalila tvár,
15 (VUL) Quam cum vidisset Iudas, suspicatus est esse meretricem; operuerat enim vultum suum.
15 (UKJV) "When Judah saw her, he thought her to be an harlot; because she had covered her face. "

16 (KAT) a z cesty zabočil k nej a povedal: „Počuj, chcel by som s tebou obcovať.“ Nevedel totiž, že je to jeho nevesta. Ona mu vravela: „Čo mi dáš, aby si mohol so mnou obcovať?“
16 (VUL) Declinansque ad eam in via ait: “ Veni, coeam tecum ”; nesciebat enim quod nurus sua esset. Qua respondente: “ Quid mihi dabis, ut fruaris concubitu meo? ”,
16 (UKJV) "And he turned unto her by the way, and said, Go to, I pray you, let me come in unto you; (for he knew not that she was his daughter in law.) And she said, What will you give me, that you may come in unto me? "

17 (KAT) On odvetil: „Pošlem ti z čriedy kozľa.“ Ale ona povedala: „Daj mi záloh, kým ho nepošleš!“
17 (VUL) dixit: “ Mittam tibi haedum de gregibus ”. Rursum illa dicente: “ Si dederis mihi arrabonem, donec mittas illum ”,
17 (UKJV) And he said, I will send you a kid from the flock. And she said, Will you give me a pledge, till you send it?

18 (KAT) On povedal: „Aký záloh ti mám dať?“ Ona vravela: „Svoj pečatný prsteň, svoju šnúru a palicu, čo máš v rukách!“ On jej to dal a obcoval s ňou, a ona od neho počala.
18 (VUL) ait Iudas: “ Quid vis tibi pro arrabone dari? ”. Respondit: “ Sigillum tuum et funiculum et baculum, quem manu tenes ”. Et dedit ei. In coitu cum eo mulier concepit
18 (UKJV) And he said, What pledge shall I give you? And she said, Your signet, and your bracelets, and your staff that is in your hand. And he gave it her, and came in unto her, and she conceived by him.

19 (KAT) Potom vstala a odišla odtiaľ; odložila závoj a opäť si obliekla vdovské šaty.
19 (VUL) et surgens abiit; depositoque velo, induta est viduitatis vestibus.
19 (UKJV) And she arose, and went away, and laid by her vail from her, and put on the garments of her widowhood.

20 (KAT) Keď potom Júda poslal po svojom priateľovi z Odolamy kozľa, aby od ženy dostal späť záloh, on ju nenašiel.
20 (VUL) Misit autem Iudas haedum per amicum suum Odollamitem, ut reciperet pignus, quod dederat mulieri. Qui cum non invenisset eam,
20 (UKJV) And Judah sent the kid by the hand of his friend the Adullamite, to receive his pledge from the woman's hand: but he found her not.

21 (KAT) Keď sa pýtal miestnych ľudí: „Kde je tá neviestka, čo sedela v Enaime pri ceste?“, oni vraveli: „Tu nebola nijaká neviestka!“
21 (VUL) interrogavit homines loci illius: “ Ubi est meretrix, quae sedebat in Enaim in via? ”. Respondentibus cunctis: “ Non fuit in loco isto meretrix ”,
21 (UKJV) Then he asked the men of that place, saying, Where is the harlot, that was openly by the way side? And they said, There was no harlot in this place.

22 (KAT) I vrátil sa k Júdovi a povedal: „Ja som ju nenašiel a miestni ľudia tvrdia: »Tu nebola nijaká neviestka.«“
22 (VUL) reversus est ad Iudam et dixit ei: “ Non inveni eam; sed et homines loci illius dixerunt mihi numquam ibi sedisse scortum ”.
22 (UKJV) "And he returned to Judah, and said, I cannot find her; and also the men of the place said, that there was no harlot in this place. "

23 (KAT) A Júda povedal: „Nech si to má, aby sme nevyšli na posmech! Ja som jej poslal kozľa, ale ty si ju nenašiel!“
23 (VUL) Ait Iudas: “ Habeat sibi; ne simus in ludibrium. Ego misi haedum, quem promiseram, et tu non invenisti eam ”.
23 (UKJV) And Judah said, Let her take it to her, lest we be shamed: behold, I sent this kid, and you have not found her.

24 (KAT) Asi o tri mesiace oznámili Júdovi: „Tvoja nevesta Tamar sa dopustila smilstva a následkom svojho smilstva je aj ťarchavá!“ Júda povedal: „Vyveďte ju, nech ju upália!“
24 (VUL) Ecce autem post tres menses nuntiaverunt Iudae dicentes: “ Fornicata est Thamar nurus tua et gravida est ex fornicatione ”. Dixitque Iudas: “ Producite eam, ut comburatur ”.
24 (UKJV) "And it came to pass about three months after, that it was told Judah, saying, Tamar your daughter in law has played the harlot; and also, behold, she is with child by whoredom. And Judah said, Bring her forth, and let her be burnt. "

25 (KAT) Keď ju vyviedli, poslala svojmu svokrovi odkaz: „Počala som od toho muža, ktorému patrí toto“ a dodala: „Pozri, čí je to majetok - tento prsteň, táto šnúra a táto palica!“
25 (VUL) Quae cum educeretur ad poenam, misit ad socerum suum dicens: “ De viro, cuius haec sunt, concepi; cognosce cuius sit sigillum et funiculus et baculus ”.
25 (UKJV) When she was brought forth, she sent to her father in law, saying, By the man, whose these are, am I with child: and she said, Discern, I pray you, whose are these, the signet, and bracelets, and staff.

26 (KAT) Júda sa k veciam priznal a povedal: „Ona je spravodlivejšia ako ja. Veď prečo som ju nedal svojmu synovi Selovi!?“ No viac nemal s ňou nič.
26 (VUL) Qui, agnitis pignoribus, ait: “ Iustior me est, quia non tradidi eam Sela filio meo ”. Attamen ultra non cognovit illam.
26 (UKJV) "And Judah acknowledged them, and said, She has been more righteous than I; because that I gave her not to Shelah my son. And he had sexual contact with her again no more. "

27 (KAT) Keď prišiel čas pôrodu, boli dvojčatá v jej živote.
27 (VUL) Instante autem partu, apparuerunt gemini in utero; atque in ipsa effusione infantium unus protulit manum, in qua obstetrix ligavit coccinum dicens:
27 (UKJV) And it came to pass in the time of her travail, that, behold, twins were in her womb.

28 (KAT) A keď rodila, vystrčil jeden ruku. Babica vzala červenú niť a uviazala mu ju na ruku a pritom povedala: „Tento vyšiel prvý.“
28 (VUL) “ Iste egressus est prior ”.
28 (UKJV) And it came to pass, when she travailed, that the one put out his hand: and the midwife took and bound upon his hand a scarlet thread, saying, This came out first.

29 (KAT) On však ruku stiahol späť a vyšiel jeho brat. Tu povedala ona: „Prečo si urobil pre seba trhlinu?“ A nazvali ho Fáresom.
29 (VUL) Illo vero retrahente manum, egressus est frater eius; dixitque mulier: “ Qualem rupisti tibi rupturam? ”. Et ob hanc causam vocatum est nomen eius Phares (id est Ruptura).
29 (UKJV) And it came to pass, as he drew back his hand, that, behold, his brother came out: and she said, How have you broken forth? this breach be upon you: therefore his name was called Pharez.

30 (KAT) Nato sa zjavil jeho brat, ktorý mal na ruke červenú niť, a nazvali ho Zarom.
30 (VUL) Postea egressus est frater eius, in cuius manu erat coccinum; qui appellatus est Zara (id est Ortus solis).
30 (UKJV) And afterward came out his brother, that had the scarlet thread upon his hand: and his name was called Zarah.


Gn 38, 1-30





Verš 2
Tam Júda videl dcéru istého Kanaánčana, ktorý sa volal Sue. Vzal si ju za ženu a obcoval s ňou.
1Krn 2:3 - Júdovi synovia: Her, Onan a Sela. Títo traja sa mu narodili z dcéry Sueho, Kanaánčanky. Júdov prvorodený Her bol zlý v Pánových očiach, preto ho usmrtil.

Verš 27
Keď prišiel čas pôrodu, boli dvojčatá v jej živote.
1Krn 2:4 - Tamar však, Júdova nevesta, porodila mu Fáresa a Zaru. Všetkých Júdových synov bolo päť.

Verš 5
Nato ešte raz počala a zasa porodila syna, ktorého nazvala Sela. Keď ho porodila, bola v Kezibe.
Nm 26:20 - Júdovi synovia podľa svojich čeľadí boli: Sela, z ktorého pochádza čeľaď Selovcov, z Fáresa čeľaď Fáresovcov.

Verš 29
On však ruku stiahol späť a vyšiel jeho brat. Tu povedala ona: „Prečo si urobil pre seba trhlinu?“ A nazvali ho Fáresom.
Mt 1:3 - Júda Faresa a Záru z Tamary. Fares mal syna Ezroma, Ezrom Arama.

Gn 38,6-10 - Tamar značí palmu. – U Izraelitov platil tzv. levirátny zákon (lat. levir - švagor), podľa ktorého, ak zomrel ženatý muž, a nezanechal potomstvo, mal si pozostalú vdovu, teda švagrinú, vziať najbližší príbuzný nebohého manžela a prvý syn z tohto manželstva bol zákonitým potomkom zomrelého. Júda sa previnil tým, že sa vyhýbal tejto povinnosti. Onan sa previnil predovšetkým tým, že zo sebectva odmietal splniť hebrejský levirátny zákon. Júda tým, že sa vyhýbal tejto povinnosti a nedal Tamare svojho syna Selu.

Gn 38,12-26 - V Kanaáne jestvovala modloslužba, pri ktorej uctievali bohov (Aštartu) "obetovaním sa", nemravným obcovaním. Také ženy sa volali kedeš - zasvätené; miesto "zasvätená" prekladáme "neviestka". Tak Tamar ako Júda prehrešili sa ťažko a ich konanie Písmo dáva nám na výstrahu. Tamarino konanie však ospravedlňuje, že ju nehnala žiadostivosť, ale túžba zaistiť svojmu nebohému manželovi potomka. Preto ju Júda nazýva spravodlivou a jej potomstvo ju velebí (Rút 4,12).

Gn 38,29 - Fáres (hebr. Peres) značí trhlinu, pretrhnutie. Teda: Prečo si pretrhol blanu a tak si sa zmocnil práva prvorodeného? Zara (Zerach) značí ,zažiaril, zasvietil'. Príhoda má istú obdobu s Ezauom a Jakubom.