Kniha Genezis

Biblia - Sväté písmo

(KJV - Anglický - King James)

Gn 3, 1-24

1 Now the serpent was more subtil than any beast of the field which the LORD God had made. And he said unto the woman, Yea, hath God said, Ye shall not eat of every tree of the garden? 2 And the woman said unto the serpent, We may eat of the fruit of the trees of the garden: 3 But of the fruit of the tree which is in the midst of the garden, God hath said, Ye shall not eat of it, neither shall ye touch it, lest ye die. 4 And the serpent said unto the woman, Ye shall not surely die: 5 For God doth know that in the day ye eat thereof, then your eyes shall be opened, and ye shall be as gods, knowing good and evil. 6 And when the woman saw that the tree was good for food, and that it was pleasant to the eyes, and a tree to be desired to make one wise, she took of the fruit thereof, and did eat, and gave also unto her husband with her; and he did eat. 7 And the eyes of them both were opened, and they knew that they were naked; and they sewed fig leaves together, and made themselves aprons. 8 And they heard the voice of the LORD God walking in the garden in the cool of the day: and Adam and his wife hid themselves from the presence of the LORD God amongst the trees of the garden. 9 And the LORD God called unto Adam, and said unto him, Where art thou? 10 And he said, I heard thy voice in the garden, and I was afraid, because I was naked; and I hid myself. 11 And he said, Who told thee that thou wast naked? Hast thou eaten of the tree, whereof I commanded thee that thou shouldest not eat? 12 And the man said, The woman whom thou gavest to be with me, she gave me of the tree, and I did eat. 13 And the LORD God said unto the woman, What is this that thou hast done? And the woman said, The serpent beguiled me, and I did eat. 14 And the LORD God said unto the serpent, Because thou hast done this, thou art cursed above all cattle, and above every beast of the field; upon thy belly shalt thou go, and dust shalt thou eat all the days of thy life: 15 And I will put enmity between thee and the woman, and between thy seed and her seed; it shall bruise thy head, and thou shalt bruise his heel. 16 Unto the woman he said, I will greatly multiply thy sorrow and thy conception; in sorrow thou shalt bring forth children; and thy desire shall be to thy husband, and he shall rule over thee. 17 And unto Adam he said, Because thou hast hearkened unto the voice of thy wife, and hast eaten of the tree, of which I commanded thee, saying, Thou shalt not eat of it: cursed is the ground for thy sake; in sorrow shalt thou eat of it all the days of thy life; 18 Thorns also and thistles shall it bring forth to thee; and thou shalt eat the herb of the field; 19 In the sweat of thy face shalt thou eat bread, till thou return unto the ground; for out of it wast thou taken: for dust thou art, and unto dust shalt thou return. 20 And Adam called his wife's name Eve; because she was the mother of all living. 21 Unto Adam also and to his wife did the LORD God make coats of skins, and clothed them. 22 And the LORD God said, Behold, the man is become as one of us, to know good and evil: and now, lest he put forth his hand, and take also of the tree of life, and eat, and live for ever: 23 Therefore the LORD God sent him forth from the garden of Eden, to till the ground from whence he was taken. 24 So he drove out the man; and he placed at the east of the garden of Eden Cherubims, and a flaming sword which turned every way, to keep the way of the tree of life.

Verš 4

And the serpent said unto the woman, Ye shall not surely die:

2Kor 11:3 - But I fear, lest by any means, as the serpent beguiled Eve through his subtilty, so your minds should be corrupted from the simplicity that is in Christ.

Verš 5

For God doth know that in the day ye eat thereof, then your eyes shall be opened, and ye shall be as gods, knowing good and evil.

Jn 8:44 - Ye are of your father the devil, and the lusts of your father ye will do. He was a murderer from the beginning, and abode not in the truth, because there is no truth in him. When he speaketh a lie, he speaketh of his own: for he is a liar, and the father of it.

Verš 6

And when the woman saw that the tree was good for food, and that it was pleasant to the eyes, and a tree to be desired to make one wise, she took of the fruit thereof, and did eat, and gave also unto her husband with her; and he did eat.

Rim 5:12 - Wherefore, as by one man sin entered into the world, and death by sin; and so death passed upon all men, for that all have sinned:

Rim 5:14 - Nevertheless death reigned from Adam to Moses, even over them that had not sinned after the similitude of Adam's transgression, who is the figure of him that was to come.

1Tim 2:14 - And Adam was not deceived, but the woman being deceived was in the transgression.

Verš 7

And the eyes of them both were opened, and they knew that they were naked; and they sewed fig leaves together, and made themselves aprons.

Gn 2:25 - And they were both naked, the man and his wife, and were not ashamed.

Verš 13

And the LORD God said unto the woman, What is this that thou hast done? And the woman said, The serpent beguiled me, and I did eat.

Zjv 12:13 - And when the dragon saw that he was cast unto the earth, he persecuted the woman which brought forth the man child.

Verš 15

And I will put enmity between thee and the woman, and between thy seed and her seed; it shall bruise thy head, and thou shalt bruise his heel.

Mt 4:1 - Then was Jesus led up of the Spirit into the wilderness to be tempted of the devil.

Kol 2:15 - And having spoiled principalities and powers, he made a shew of them openly, triumphing over them in it.

Verš 16

Unto the woman he said, I will greatly multiply thy sorrow and thy conception; in sorrow thou shalt bring forth children; and thy desire shall be to thy husband, and he shall rule over thee.

1Kor 14:34 - Let your women keep silence in the churches: for it is not permitted unto them to speak; but they are commanded to be under obedience, as also saith the law.

1Tim 2:11 - Let the woman learn in silence with all subjection.

Tít 2:5 - To be discreet, chaste, keepers at home, good, obedient to their own husbands, that the word of God be not blasphemed.

1Pt 3:6 - Even as Sara obeyed Abraham, calling him lord: whose daughters ye are, as long as ye do well, and are not afraid with any amazement.

Gn 3,1-6 - Boh dovolil prarodičom jesť z ovocia všetkých stromov (2,15–17), okrem jedného. Zo stromu "poznania dobra a zla" zakázal im totiž jesť, a to preto, aby človek poznal a uznal, že i keď je vlastníkom všetkých stvorených vecí, predsa nie je ich neobmedzeným pánom. Človek si má uvedomiť, že aj pri užívaní stvorených dobier je závislý od Boha, lebo poznať, čo je dobré a čo je zlé, a rozlíšiť to vie len Boh. Preto je cesta "k stromu poznania dobra a zla" zakázaná. Čo je pre človeka otvorené, je cesta "k stromu života". Potom pochopíme, že hoci pri Božom zákaze išlo o nepatrnú vec, pre zámer, ktorý Boh sledoval svojím príkazom, zákaz sa stal veľmi vážnym. To mal človek chápať aj v tom, že prekročenie tohto zákazu malo mať za následok ťažký trest: "Istotne zomrieš!" – U prvých rodičov nebolo možné, že by pokušenie pri nich bolo prišlo znútra: mali vliatu vedomosť, dostali milosť, čo ich oslobodzovala od boja nezriadených žiadostivostí proti rozumu a vôli. Preto pokušenie muselo prísť zvonka. Inými slovami: zlo je "už" prítomné vo svete. Pokušiteľ je tu diabol, bytosť, ktorá rozmýšľa a rozpráva, teda duch. A pretože pokúša k neposlušnosti a pýche, je to zlý duch (Múd 2,24; Jn 2,44; Zjv 12,9). Had tu slúži ako symbol bytosti nepriateľskej Bohu a nepriateľskej človeku. Diabol pokúša slabšieho, ženu. Svoj zámer neprejavuje hneď, nepokúša razom na hriech. Hriech má svoju psychológiu, ktorá spočíva v konfúzii svedomia. Hriech sa vždy začína znehodnotením hodnôt vo svedomí. Túto konfúziu reprezentuje Evin omyl pri vysvetľovaní Božieho zákazu jesť zo stromu, pretože tvrdí, že nemajú jesť zo stromu "v strede raja" (Gn 3,3); a pozorný čitateľ vie, že v strede raja bol strom života, z ktorého Boh jesť nezakázal (Gn 2,9). Tým robí Boha luhárom a tak je dielo Zlého – diabla, ktorý začal rozhovor nevinnou otázkou, dokonané. Eva ťažko zhrešila: vedela, že príkaz je ťažký; a pohnútkou na jej hriech nebola len žiadostivosť, ale aj pýcha, túžba po samostatnosti a nezávislosti od Boha ("budete ako Boh!"); jej hriech zväčšuje i tá okolnosť, že zviedla aj svojho muža. Lenže hriech Adamov je väčší, veď mal v istom zmysle väčšiu zodpovednosť ako žena. Obaja však zhrešili ťažko. A pretože Adam je hlavou ľudského pokolenia (Rim 5,12), v ňom sme zhrešili všetci, ktorí pochádzame od neho (dedičný hriech).

Gn 3,7-13 - V hriechu je prítomný už aj trest. Trest sa dotýkal v prvom rade duše. Zakusujú v sebe boj nezriadenej žiadostivosti: "otvorili sa obom oči". Ale inakšie, ako to mysleli, "spoznali, že sú nahí", a nastáva u nich boj telesného človeka proti duchovnému. K tomuto pristupuje ďalší trest, a to strach pred Bohom. A napokon je to snaha vyhovoriť sa.

Gn 3,15 - Tento verš je síce náznakom ustavičného boja medzi ženou a hadom - diablom, ale je tiež prejavom lásky Božej, ktorá prisľubuje žene raz víťazstvo nad diablom, a to skrze jej potomka, skrze Mesiáša. Preto sa tento verš volá prvou blahozvesťou, protoevanjeliom. I keď potomstvom Eviným sú všetci ľudia, sv. Otcovia a exegéti vedení sv. Pavlom (Rim 16,20) vykladajú slovo individuálne o Ježišovi Kristovi. On bol jediný potomok, ktorý zvíťazil svojou smrťou na kríži nad hlavou diablovou. – Žena, o ktorej je tu reč, je síce Eva, lež v plnom zmysle je to tá, čo porodila Krista bez spolučinnosti muža, Panna Mária. Veď Kristus premohol diabla nie preto, že je synom Eviným, ale preto, že je Synom Božím. A Panna Mária jediná zo žien bola v ustavičnom nepriateľstve s diablom, veď jej dušu nezatienil nijaký hriech.

Gn 3,16 - Trest zasahuje vinníkov v ich hlavnom povolaní. Ženu ako matku, muža ako robotníka. Ale to neznamená, že keby neboli spáchali hriech, žena by nebola bývala rodila v bolesti a muž by sa nebol potil pri práci. Veľký trest však bol, že stratili spoločenstvo s Bohom (v. 23).

Gn 3,20 - Adam prijíma trest pokorne, posilnený nádejou budúceho víťazstva "ženinho potomstva", a túto svoju nádej aj vyslovuje tým, že svoju ženu pomenúva Evou–Hawáh, čiže Životom. Eva sa stáva predobrazom Panny Márie, Matky žijúcich.

Gn 3,21-24 - Boh prarodičov spravodlivo vypovedáva z miesta, na ktorom mali žiť šťastne, ak by boli poslúchali príkaz Boží. Nestalo sa tak. Boh ich vyháňa aj preto, aby nejedli zo stromu života. Stratili naň právo, lebo hriech ich olúpil o výsadu nesmrteľnosti. Boh ich vyhnal do zeme, prekliatej pre hriech. Človek ju má odteraz obrábať, má s ňou zápasiť.