Kniha Genezis

Biblia - Sväté písmo

(CPDV - Anglický - Catholic PD)

Gn 11, 1-32

1 Now the earth was of one language and of the same speech. 2 And when they were advancing from the east, they found a plain in the land of Shinar, and they dwelt in it. 3 And each one said to his neighbor, “Come, let us make bricks, and bake them with fire.” And they had bricks instead of stones, and pitch instead of mortar. 4 And they said: “Come, let us make a city and a tower, so that its height may reach to heaven. And let us make our name famous before we are divided into all the lands.” 5 Then the Lord descended to see the city and the tower, which the sons of Adam were building. 6 And he said: “Behold, the people are united, and all have one tongue. And since they have begun to do this, they will not desist from their plans, until they have completed their work. 7 Therefore, come, let us descend, and in that place confound their tongue, so that they may not listen, each one to the voice of his neighbor.” 8 And so the Lord divided them from that place into all the lands, and they ceased to build the city. 9 And for this reason, its name was called ‘Babel,’ because in that place the language of the whole earth became confused. And from then on, the Lord scattered them across the face of every region. 10 These are the generations of Shem. Shem was one hundred years old when he conceived Arphaxad, two years after the great flood. 11 And after he conceived Arphaxad, Shem lived for five hundred years, and he conceived sons and daughters. 12 Next, Arphaxad lived for thirty-five years, and then he conceived Shelah. 13 And after he conceived Shelah, Arphaxad 7 lived for three hundred and three years, and he conceived sons and daughters. 14 Likewise, Shelah lived for thirty years, and then he conceived Eber. 15 And after he conceived Eber, Shelah lived for four hundred and three years, and he conceived sons and daughters. 16 Then Eber lived for thirty-four years, and he conceived Peleg. 17 And after he conceived Peleg, Eber lived for four hundred and thirty years, and he conceived sons and daughters. 18 Likewise, Peleg lived for thirty years, and then he conceived Reu. 19 And after he conceived Reu, Peleg lived for two hundred and nine years, and he conceived sons and daughters. 20 Then Reu lived for thirty-two years, and then he conceived Serug. 21 Likewise, after he conceived Serug, Reu lived for two hundred and seven years, and he conceived sons and daughters. 22 In truth, Serug lived for thirty years, and then he conceived Nahor. 23 And after he conceived Nahor, Serug lived for two hundred years, and he conceived sons and daughters. 24 And so Nahor lived for twenty-nine years, and then he conceived Terah. 25 And after he conceived Terah, Nahor lived for one hundred and nineteen years, and he conceived sons and daughters. 26 And Terah lived for seventy years, and then he conceived Abram, and Nahor, and Haran. 27 And these are the generations of Terah. Terah conceived Abram, Nahor, and Haran. Next Haran conceived Lot. 28 And Haran died before his father Terah, in the land of his nativity, in Ur of the Chaldeans. 29 Then Abram and Nahor took wives. The name of Abram’s wife was Sarai. And the name of Nahor’s wife was Milcah, the daughter of Haran, the father of Milcah, and the father of Iscah. 30 But Sarai was barren and had no children. 31 And so Terah took his son Abram, and his grandson Lot, the son of Haran, and his daughter-in-law Sarai, the wife of his son Abram, and he led them away from Ur of the Chaldeans, to go into the land of Canaan. And they approached as far as Haran, and they dwelt there. 32 And the days of Terah that passed were two hundred and five years, and then he died in Haran.

Verš 2

And when they were advancing from the east, they found a plain in the land of Shinar, and they dwelt in it.

Gn 10:10 - And so, the beginning of his kingdom was Babylon, and Erech, and Accad, and Chalanne, in the land of Shinar.

Verš 8

And so the Lord divided them from that place into all the lands, and they ceased to build the city.

Dt 32:8 - When the Most High divided the nations, when he separated the sons of Adam, he appointed the limits of the peoples according to the number of the sons of Israel.

Sk 17:26 - And he has made, out of one, every family of man: to live upon the face of the entire earth, determining the appointed seasons and the limits of their habitation,

Verš 10

These are the generations of Shem. Shem was one hundred years old when he conceived Arphaxad, two years after the great flood.

Gn 10:22 - The sons of Shem were Elam, and Asshur, and Arphaxad, and Lud, and Aram.

1Krn 1:17 - The sons of Shem: Elam, and Asshur, and Arphaxad, and Lud, and Aram, and Uz, and Hul, and Gether, and Meshech.

Verš 18

Likewise, Peleg lived for thirty years, and then he conceived Reu.

1Krn 1:25 - Eber, Peleg, Reu,

Verš 27

And these are the generations of Terah. Terah conceived Abram, Nahor, and Haran. Next Haran conceived Lot.

Joz 24:2 - And he spoke to the people in this way: “Thus says the Lord, the God of Israel: ‘Your fathers lived, in the beginning, across the river: Terah, the father of Abraham, and Nahor. And they served strange gods.

1Krn 1:26 - Serug, Nahor, Terah,

Verš 29

Then Abram and Nahor took wives. The name of Abram’s wife was Sarai. And the name of Nahor’s wife was Milcah, the daughter of Haran, the father of Milcah, and the father of Iscah.

Gn 22:20 - After these things occurred, it was reported to Abraham that Milcah, likewise, had borne sons for his brother Nahor:

Verš 30

But Sarai was barren and had no children.

Gn 16:1 - Now Sarai, the wife of Abram, had not conceived children. But, having an Egyptian handmaid named Hagar,

Gn 18:11 - Now they were both old, and in an advanced state of life, and it had ceased to be with Sarah after the manner of women.

Verš 31

And so Terah took his son Abram, and his grandson Lot, the son of Haran, and his daughter-in-law Sarai, the wife of his son Abram, and he led them away from Ur of the Chaldeans, to go into the land of Canaan. And they approached as far as Haran, and they dwelt there.

Neh 9:7 - You yourself, O Lord God, are the One who chose Abram. And you led him away from the fire of the Chaldeans, and you gave him the name Abraham.

Sk 7:4 - Then he went away from the land of the 633 Chaldeans, and he lived at Haran. And later, after his father was dead, God brought him into this land, in which you now dwell.

Gn 11,1-9 - Na starej tradícii z Bábelu, ako na pozadí pomätenia jazykov, ukazuje svätopisec, že ani vyspelá civilizácia bez spojenia s Bohom nespája a nezbližuje vnútorne ani ľudí, ale ich odcudzuje navzájom, takže si nakoniec vôbec nerozumejú.

Gn 11,2 - Krajina Senaár bol Babylon (porov. 10,10; Iz 11,11; Dan 1,2).

Gn 11,9 - "Bábel" (Babíl, Bábílu v klinovom písme) značí ,Božiu bránu'. Hebrejské slovo na označenie "zmätku" mohlo by sa odvodzovať od slovesa bálal ,zmiasť, pomútiť'.

Gn 11,10-26 - V týchto veršoch svätopisec ukazuje, že Abrahám, o ktorom bude písať, je Semovým potomkom. Abrahám je praotcom izraelského národa, z ktorého sa narodí Mesiáš. Odteraz zanechá dejiny ostatných národov a bude sa venovať iba osudom Semovho potomka Abraháma. Rodostrom Semových potomkov je podobný ako rodostrom od Adama po Noema. Rozdiel je len v tom, že sa neudáva celkový počet rokov jednotlivých patriarchov.

Gn 11,27-32 - "Abram" je skrátená forma Abirámu "môj otec je vznešený". Abram je teda z rodiny Táreho (hebr. Terach), čiže Terachovcov, ktorá rodina v Písme je označovaná za modloslužobnú (Joz 24,2; Jdt 5,6 atď.). Terach býval v Chaldejskom Ure, v strede kultu mesiaca, v meste, ktoré ležalo neďaleko Perzského zálivu. Tu zomrel jeho syn Aran. Po jeho smrti vysťahoval sa Táre so svojím synom Abramom, s nevestou, ženou Abramovou Sarai, a s vnukom Lotom do Haranu, ktorý leží hodne na severovýchod, na riečke Balíkh, prítoku Eufratu. Vysťahovanie Táreho rodiny do Haranu mohlo mať politický dôvod. Neslobodno však zabúdať na hlavný moment, na moment náboženský, ktorý sa zračí v povolaní Abramovom. Mnohobožstvo sa tak rozmohlo, že ani rodina Táreho neostala ním nedotknutá. Preto Boh odďaľuje Abrama z tohto prostredia a prikazuje mu odísť do novej zeme, v ktorej jeho potomstvo bude ako veľký národ. Boh ho bude požehnávať, ba jeho osoba (Abramova) stane sa požehnaním pre všetky národy. Takto Boh nadprirodzeným spôsobom zachraňuje vieru v jedného Boha, tú vieru, ktorá od počiatku sveta bola prarodičom Bohom zjavená a ktorú postupom času ľudia zamenili za svoj vlastný výtvor, za mnohobožstvo. Sväté písmo nepozná teda náboženský vývoj od nedokonalého náboženstva (mnohobožstva) k dokonalému (jednobožstvu), ono pozná len zjavené náboženstvo, vieru v jediného Boha, a ostatné náboženstvá považuje za odpad od pôvodnej viery.