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Biblia - Sväté písmo

(KJV - Anglický - King James)

Jak 5, 1-20

1 Go to now, ye rich men, weep and howl for your miseries that shall come upon you. 2 Your riches are corrupted, and your garments are motheaten. 3 Your gold and silver is cankered; and the rust of them shall be a witness against you, and shall eat your flesh as it were fire. Ye have heaped treasure together for the last days. 4 Behold, the hire of the labourers who have reaped down your fields, which is of you kept back by fraud, crieth: and the cries of them which have reaped are entered into the ears of the Lord of sabaoth. 5 Ye have lived in pleasure on the earth, and been wanton; ye have nourished your hearts, as in a day of slaughter. 6 Ye have condemned and killed the just; and he doth not resist you. 7 Be patient therefore, brethren, unto the coming of the Lord. Behold, the husbandman waiteth for the precious fruit of the earth, and hath long patience for it, until he receive the early and latter rain. 8 Be ye also patient; stablish your hearts: for the coming of the Lord draweth nigh. 9 Grudge not one against another, brethren, lest ye be condemned: behold, the judge standeth before the door. 10 Take, my brethren, the prophets, who have spoken in the name of the Lord, for an example of suffering affliction, and of patience. 11 Behold, we count them happy which endure. Ye have heard of the patience of Job, and have seen the end of the Lord; that the Lord is very pitiful, and of tender mercy. 12 But above all things, my brethren, swear not, neither by heaven, neither by the earth, neither by any other oath: but let your yea be yea; and your nay, nay; lest ye fall into condemnation. 13 Is any among you afflicted? let him pray. Is any merry? let him sing psalms. 14 Is any sick among you? let him call for the elders of the church; and let them pray over him, anointing him with oil in the name of the Lord: 15 And the prayer of faith shall save the sick, and the Lord shall raise him up; and if he have committed sins, they shall be forgiven him. 16 Confess your faults one to another, and pray one for another, that ye may be healed. The effectual fervent prayer of a righteous man availeth much. 17 Elias was a man subject to like passions as we are, and he prayed earnestly that it might not rain: and it rained not on the earth by the space of three years and six months. 18 And he prayed again, and the heaven gave rain, and the earth brought forth her fruit. 19 Brethren, if any of you do err from the truth, and one convert him; 20 Let him know, that he which converteth the sinner from the error of his way shall save a soul from death, and shall hide a multitude of sins.

Jak 5, 1-20





Verš 1
Go to now, ye rich men, weep and howl for your miseries that shall come upon you.
Prís 11:28 - He that trusteth in his riches shall fall: but the righteous shall flourish as a branch.
Am 6:1 - Woe to them that are at ease in Zion, and trust in the mountain of Samaria, which are named chief of the nations, to whom the house of Israel came!
Lk 6:24 - But woe unto you that are rich! for ye have received your consolation.
1Tim 6:9 - But they that will be rich fall into temptation and a snare, and into many foolish and hurtful lusts, which drown men in destruction and perdition.

Verš 3
Your gold and silver is cankered; and the rust of them shall be a witness against you, and shall eat your flesh as it were fire. Ye have heaped treasure together for the last days.
Mt 6:19 - Lay not up for yourselves treasures upon earth, where moth and rust doth corrupt, and where thieves break through and steal:
Rim 2:5 - But after thy hardness and impenitent heart treasurest up unto thyself wrath against the day of wrath and revelation of the righteous judgment of God;

Verš 4
Behold, the hire of the labourers who have reaped down your fields, which is of you kept back by fraud, crieth: and the cries of them which have reaped are entered into the ears of the Lord of sabaoth.
Lv 19:13 - Thou shalt not defraud thy neighbour, neither rob him: the wages of him that is hired shall not abide with thee all night until the morning.
Dt 24:14 - Thou shalt not oppress an hired servant that is poor and needy, whether he be of thy brethren, or of thy strangers that are in thy land within thy gates:

Verš 5
Ye have lived in pleasure on the earth, and been wanton; ye have nourished your hearts, as in a day of slaughter.
Jób 21:13 - They spend their days in wealth, and in a moment go down to the grave.
Lk 16:19 - There was a certain rich man, which was clothed in purple and fine linen, and fared sumptuously every day:
Lk 16:25 - But Abraham said, Son, remember that thou in thy lifetime receivedst thy good things, and likewise Lazarus evil things: but now he is comforted, and thou art tormented.

Verš 11
Behold, we count them happy which endure. Ye have heard of the patience of Job, and have seen the end of the Lord; that the Lord is very pitiful, and of tender mercy.
Mt 5:11 - Blessed are ye, when men shall revile you, and persecute you, and shall say all manner of evil against you falsely, for my sake.
Jób 1:21 - And said, Naked came I out of my mother's womb, and naked shall I return thither: the LORD gave, and the LORD hath taken away; blessed be the name of the LORD.
Lv 14:18 - And the remnant of the oil that is in the priest's hand he shall pour upon the head of him that is to be cleansed: and the priest shall make an atonement for him before the LORD.
Ž 103:8 - The LORD is merciful and gracious, slow to anger, and plenteous in mercy.

Verš 12
But above all things, my brethren, swear not, neither by heaven, neither by the earth, neither by any other oath: but let your yea be yea; and your nay, nay; lest ye fall into condemnation.
Mt 5:34 - But I say unto you, Swear not at all; neither by heaven; for it is God's throne:
2Kor 1:17 - When I therefore was thus minded, did I use lightness? or the things that I purpose, do I purpose according to the flesh, that with me there should be yea yea, and nay nay?

Verš 13
Is any among you afflicted? let him pray. Is any merry? let him sing psalms.
Ef 5:19 - Speaking to yourselves in psalms and hymns and spiritual songs, singing and making melody in your heart to the Lord;
Kol 3:16 - Let the word of Christ dwell in you richly in all wisdom; teaching and admonishing one another in psalms and hymns and spiritual songs, singing with grace in your hearts to the Lord.

Verš 14
Is any sick among you? let him call for the elders of the church; and let them pray over him, anointing him with oil in the name of the Lord:
Mk 6:13 - And they cast out many devils, and anointed with oil many that were sick, and healed them.

Verš 17
Elias was a man subject to like passions as we are, and he prayed earnestly that it might not rain: and it rained not on the earth by the space of three years and six months.
1Kr 17:1 - And Elijah the Tishbite, who was of the inhabitants of Gilead, said unto Ahab, As the LORD God of Israel liveth, before whom I stand, there shall not be dew nor rain these years, but according to my word.
Lk 4:25 - But I tell you of a truth, many widows were in Israel in the days of Elias, when the heaven was shut up three years and six months, when great famine was throughout all the land;

Verš 18
And he prayed again, and the heaven gave rain, and the earth brought forth her fruit.
1Kr 18:45 - And it came to pass in the mean while, that the heaven was black with clouds and wind, and there was a great rain. And Ahab rode, and went to Jezreel.

Verš 19
Brethren, if any of you do err from the truth, and one convert him;
Mt 18:15 - Moreover if thy brother shall trespass against thee, go and tell him his fault between thee and him alone: if he shall hear thee, thou hast gained thy brother.

Verš 20
Let him know, that he which converteth the sinner from the error of his way shall save a soul from death, and shall hide a multitude of sins.
Prís 10:12 - Hatred stirreth up strifes: but love covereth all sins.
1Pt 4:8 - And above all things have fervent charity among yourselves: for charity shall cover the multitude of sins.

Jak 5,1-6 - Prísne slová boháčom, ktorí otročia mamone a pre ňu sa dopúšťajú ťažkých a do neba volajúcich krívd voči iným.

Jak 5,2 - Jakub používa minulý čas, aby predstavil budúce veci, posledný súd.

Jak 5,3 - "Hrdza bude svedčiť proti vám," t. j. bude svedčiť o vašej nespravodlivosti a bezcitnosti voči blížnemu. "Posledné dni" tu znamenajú mesiášske časy, ale tak, že svätopisec hľadí zároveň na čas posledného súdu, ktorý nastane na konci tohto obdobia.

Jak 5,5 - "Vykŕmili ste si srdcia," t. j. ukojili ste si a ukájate zmyselné žiadosti, a to "na deň zakáľačky", t. j. keď Boží súd už takmer nastáva.

Jak 5,7 - "Včasný i neskorý dážď." Včasný je jesenný (v októbri), neskorý jarný (v marci). Od týchto dvoch období dažďov závisela úroda.

Jak 5,11 - Porov. Ž 103, 8.

Jak 5,12 - Porov. Mt 5, 35–37.

Jak 5,14-16 - Dôležitý text o sviatosti pomazania chorých. Túto sviatosť ustanovil Kristus. Ako v každej sviatosti i tu je viditeľný znak neviditeľnej milosti – modlitba v Pánovom mene a mazanie olejom – a sviatostný účinok – osobitná milosť Ducha Svätého, ktorá napomáha spásu celého človeka: dáva úľavu na tele i na duši, prípadne uzdravenie a odpustenie hriechov.

Jak 5,14 - "V Pánovom mene," t. j. z Pánovho poverenia a jeho mocou. "Starší Cirkvi," t. j. "presbyteri", predstavení Cirkvi.

Jak 5,15 - "Modlitba s vierou." t. j. modlitba, ktorú kňaz koná vtedy, keď chorého maže olejom. "Ak sa dopustil hriechov, odpustia sa mu," a to nielen všedné, ale aj ťažké, ak sa chorý nemôže z nich spovedať a má aspoň nedokonalú ľútosť.

Jak 5,16 - "Vyznávajte si teda navzájom hriechy." Mnohí tieto slová vysvetľujú ako nesviatostné vyznanie hriechov čiže všeobecné vyznanie hriechov. No keďže svätý Jakub používa spojku "teda", hovorí tieto slová na záver toho, čo povedal v predchádzajúcom verši. Podľa toho niektorí považujú za správnejší výklad, podľa ktorého Jakub predpokladá, že chorý, ktorý si zavolal starších, čiže kňazov, aby sa nad ním modlili a pomazali ho olejom, vyzná sa im aj zo svojich hriechov, a že teda v tomto 16. verši hovorí o sviatostnom vyznaní, o sviatosti zmierenia. V prvých kresťanských časoch sa takéto vyznanie konalo často aj verejne, na znak pokornej kajúcnosti a ľútosti.

Jak 5,17 - Porov. 1 Kr 17 a 18 (aj Lk 4, 25).

Jak 5,20 - Porov. Ž 51, 15; Prís 10, 12; 1 Pt 4, 8. "Zakryje množstvo hriechov," t. j. privedie ho k pravému pokániu, a tak získa odpustenie. Záver listu je vznešeným ohlasom kresťanskej lásky: zachrániť blúdiacich bratov.