Kniha proroka Ezechiela

Biblia - Sväté písmo

(CPDV - Anglický - Catholic PD)

Ez 18, 1-32

1 And the word of the Lord came to me, saying: 2 “Why is it that you circulate among 476 yourselves this parable, as a proverb in the land of Israel, saying: ‘The fathers ate a bitter grape, and the teeth of the sons have been affected.’ 3 As I live, says the Lord God, this parable shall no longer be a proverb for you in Israel. 4 Behold, all souls are mine. Just as the soul of the father is mine, so also is the soul of the son. The soul that sins, the same shall die. 5 And if a man is just, and he accomplishes judgment and justice, 6 and if he does not eat upon the mountains, nor lifted up his eyes to the idols of the house of Israel, and if he has not violated the wife of his neighbor, nor approached a menstruating woman, 7 and if he has not grieved any man, but has restored the collateral to the debtor, if he has seized nothing by violence, has given his bread to the hungry, and has covered the naked with a garment, 8 if he has not lent upon usury, nor taken any increase, if he has averted his hand from iniquity, and has executed true judgment between man and man, 9 if he has walked in my precepts and kept my judgments, so that he acts in accord with truth, then he is just; he shall certainly live, says the Lord God. 10 But if he raises a son who is a robber, who sheds blood, and who does any of these things, 11 (even though he himself does not do any of these things,) and who eats upon the mountains, and who defiles the wife of his neighbor, 12 who grieves the needy and the poor, who seizes with violence, who does not restore the collateral, and who lifts up his eyes to idols, committing abomination, 13 who lends upon usury, and who takes an increase, then shall he live? He shall not live. Since he has done all these detestable things, he shall certainly die. His blood shall be upon him. 14 But if he raises a son, who, seeing all his father’s sins that he has done, is afraid and so does not act in a way similar to him, 15 who does not eat upon the mountains, nor lift up his eyes to the idols of the house of Israel, and who does not violate the wife of his neighbor, 16 and who has not grieved any man, nor withheld the collateral, nor seized by violence, but instead has given his bread to the hungry, and has covered the naked with a garment, 17 who has averted his hand from injuring the poor, who has not taken usury and an overabundance, who has acted according to my judgments and walked in my precepts, then this one shall not die for the iniquity of his father; instead, he shall certainly live. 18 As for his father, because he oppressed and did violence to his brother, and worked evil in the midst of his people, behold, he has died by his own iniquity. 19 And you say, ‘Why has not the son borne the iniquity of the father?’ Clearly, since the son has worked judgment and justice, has observed all my precepts, and has done them, he shall certainly live. 20 The soul that sins, the same shall die. The son shall not bear the iniquity of the father, and the father shall not bear the iniquity of the son. The justice of the just man shall be upon himself, but the impiety of the impious man shall be upon himself. 21 But if the impious man does penance for all his sins which he has committed, and if he keeps all my precepts, and accomplishes judgment and justice, then he shall certainly live, and he shall not die. 22 I will not remember all his iniquities, which he has worked; by his justice, which he has worked, he shall live. 23 How could it be my will that an impious man should die, says the Lord God, and not that he should be converted from his ways and live? 24 But if a just man turns himself away from his justice, and does iniquity in accord with all the abominations that the impious man so often does, why should he live? All his justices, which he has accomplished, shall not be remembered. By the transgression, in which he has transgressed, and by his sin, in which he has sinned, by these he shall die. 25 And you have said, ‘The way of the Lord is not fair.’ Therefore, listen, O house of Israel. How could it be that my way is not fair? And is it not instead your ways that are perverse? 26 For when the just man turns himself away from his justice, and commits iniquity, he shall die by this; by the injustice that he has worked, he shall die. 27 And when the impious man turns himself away from his impiety, which he has done, and accomplishes judgment and justice, he shall cause his own soul to live. 28 For by considering and turning himself away from all his iniquities, which he has worked, he shall certainly live, and he shall not die. 29 And yet the sons of Israel say, ‘The way of the Lord is not fair.’ How could it be that my ways are not fair, O house of Israel? And is it not instead your ways that are perverse? 30 Therefore, O house of Israel, I will judge each one according to his ways, says the Lord God. Be converted, and do penance for all your iniquities, and then iniquity will not be your ruin. 31 Cast all your transgressions, by which you have transgressed, away from you, and make for yourselves a new heart and a new spirit. And then why should you die, O house of Israel? 32 For I do not desire the death of one who dies, says the Lord God. So return and live.”

Verš 32

For I do not desire the death of one who dies, says the Lord God. So return and live.”

Ez 33:11 - Say to them: As I live, says the Lord God, I do not desire the death of the impious, but that the impious should convert from his way and live. Be converted, be converted from your evil ways! For why should you die, O house of Israel?

Verš 2

“Why is it that you circulate among 476 yourselves this parable, as a proverb in the land of Israel, saying: ‘The fathers ate a bitter grape, and the teeth of the sons have been affected.’

Jer 31:29 - In those days, they will no longer say: ‘The fathers ate a bitter grape, and the teeth of the sons have been affected.’

Verš 6

and if he does not eat upon the mountains, nor lifted up his eyes to the idols of the house of Israel, and if he has not violated the wife of his neighbor, nor approached a menstruating woman,

Iz 57:7 - Upon a high and lofty mountain, you have placed your bed, and you have ascended to that place to immolate victims.

Iz 65:7 - Your iniquities are joined with the iniquities of your fathers, says the Lord. For they have sacrificed upon the mountains, and they have offended me upon the hills. And so, I will measure back to them, from their first work, into their sinews.

Lv 18:20 - You shall not have sexual intercourse with your neighbor’s wife, nor shall you be defiled by the mingling of seed.

Lv 18:19 - You shall not approach a woman who is undergoing menstruation, nor shall you uncover her foulness.

Verš 7

and if he has not grieved any man, but has restored the collateral to the debtor, if he has seized nothing by violence, has given his bread to the hungry, and has covered the naked with a garment,

Ex 22:21 - You shall not harass the newcomer, nor shall you afflict him. For you yourselves were once newcomers in the land of Egypt.

Lv 19:13 - You shall not slander your neighbor, nor shall you oppress him by violence. The wages of a hired hand, you shall not delay with you until tomorrow.

Lv 25:14 - When you will sell anything to your fellow citizen, or buy anything from him, do not cause your brother grief, but buy from him according to the number of years from the Jubilee,

Ex 22:26 - If you take a garment from your neighbor as a pledge, you shall return it to him again before the setting of the sun.

Dt 24:12 - But if he is poor, then the collateral shall not remain with you through the night.

Dt 15:7 - If one of your brothers, who dwells within the gates of your city, in the land which the Lord your God will give to you, falls into poverty, you shall not harden your heart, nor tighten your hand.

Iz 58:7 - Break your bread with the hungry, and lead the destitute and the homeless into your house. When you see someone naked, cover him, and do not despise your own flesh.

Jer 25:35 - And escape will flee from the shepherds, and safety will flee from the nobility of the flock.”

Verš 8

if he has not lent upon usury, nor taken any increase, if he has averted his hand from iniquity, and has executed true judgment between man and man,

Ex 22:25 - If you lend money to the poor of my people who live among you, you shall not coerce them like a collector, nor oppress them with usury.

Lv 25:35 - If your brother has become impoverished, or infirm of hand, and you take him in, like a newcomer or a sojourner, and he lives with you,

Verš 19

And you say, ‘Why has not the son borne the iniquity of the father?’ Clearly, since the son has worked judgment and justice, has observed all my precepts, and has done them, he shall certainly live.

Dt 24:16 - The fathers shall not be put to death on behalf of the sons, nor the sons on behalf of the fathers, but each one shall die for his own sin.

2Kr 14:6 - But the sons of those who had been killed he did not put to death, in accord with what was written in the book of the law of Moses, just as the Lord instructed, saying: “The fathers shall not die for the sons, and the sons shall not die for the fathers. Instead, each one shall die for his own sin.”

2Krn 25:4 - But he did not put to death their sons, just as it was written in the book of the law of Moses, where the Lord instructed, saying: “The fathers shall not be slain because of the sons, nor the sons because of their fathers. Instead, each one shall die for his 250 own sin.”

Verš 23

How could it be my will that an impious man should die, says the Lord God, and not that he should be converted from his ways and live?

Verš 25

And you have said, ‘The way of the Lord is not fair.’ Therefore, listen, O house of Israel. How could it be that my way is not fair? And is it not instead your ways that are perverse?

Ez 33:17 - And the sons of your people have said, ‘The way of the Lord is not a fair balance,’ even while their own way is unjust.

Ez 33:20 - And yet you say, ‘The way of the Lord is not right.’ But I shall judge each one of you according to his own ways, O house of Israel.”

Verš 30

Therefore, O house of Israel, I will judge each one according to his ways, says the Lord God. Be converted, and do penance for all your iniquities, and then iniquity will not be your ruin.

Mt 3:2 - and saying: “Repent. For the kingdom of heaven has drawn near.”

Verš 31

Cast all your transgressions, by which you have transgressed, away from you, and make for yourselves a new heart and a new spirit. And then why should you die, O house of Israel?

Jer 32:39 - And I will give to them one heart and one way, so that they may fear me all their days, and so that it may be well with them, and with their sons after them.

Ez 11:19 - And I will give them one heart. And I will distribute a new spirit to their interior. And I will take away the heart of stone from their body. And I will give them a heart of flesh.

Ez 36:26 - And I will give to you a new heart, and I will place in you a new spirit. And I will take away the heart of stone from your body, and I will give to you a heart of flesh.

Ez 18,1-4 - Izraeliti, najmä tí, čo už boli v zajatí, nechceli uznať, že si zaslúžili trest, tvrdia, že trpia len za hriechy predošlých pokolení. Tomuto názoru dávali aj vo vlasti (Jer 31,29), aj v zajatí výraz porekadlom, ktoré tu prorok uvádza a podvracia.

Ez 18,6 - Modlárske obety na výšinách bývali spojené s obetnými hostinami. – Manžel nesmel obcovať s manželkou, keď mala svoj mesačný čas.

Ez 18,7 - Porov. Ex 22,25 n; Dt 24,10 n.

Ez 18,8 - Rozumej: neberie viac, než požičal. Izraeliti medzi sebou nesmeli brať úroky od pôžičiek Ex 22,25; Dt 23,20 n.

Ez 18,17 - "Od zločinu" prekladáme podľa LXX, porov. v. 8. Hebrejský text číta: "Od bedára".