Kniha proroka Jeremiáša

Biblia - Sväté písmo

(CPDV - Anglický - Catholic PD)

Jer 2, 1-37

1 And the word of the Lord came to me, saying: 2 “Go, and cry out to the ears of Jerusalem, saying: Thus says the Lord: I have remembered you, taking pity on your youth and on the charity of your betrothal, when you followed me into the desert, into a land which is not sown. 3 Israel is holy to the Lord, the first of his fruits. All those who devour him commit an offense. Evils will overwhelm them, says the Lord.” 4 Listen to the word of the Lord, O house of Jacob, and all you families of the house of Israel. 5 Thus says the Lord: “What iniquity have your fathers found in me, that they would draw far away from me, and would walk after emptiness, and would become empty? 6 And they have not said: ‘Where is the Lord, who caused us to ascend from the land of Egypt; who led us through the desert, through an uninhabited and impassable land, through a land of drought and of the image of death, through a land in which no one walked and in which no man lived?’ 7 And I led you into the land of Carmel, so that you would eat from its fruit and from its excellence. And having entered it, you defiled my land, and you turned my inheritance into an abomination. 8 The priests have not sad: ‘Where is the Lord?’ And those who held the law did not know me. And the pastors betrayed me. And the prophets prophesied in Baal and followed idols. 9 Because of this, I will still contend in judgment against you, says the Lord, and I will dispute with your sons. 10 Cross over to the isles of Kittim, and gaze. And send to Kedar, and consider diligently. And see if anything like this has ever been done. 11 See if a nation has ever changed their gods, though certainly those are not gods. Yet truly, my people have exchanged their glory for an idol. 12 Be astonished at this, O heavens, and be utterly desolate, O gates of heaven, says the Lord. 13 For my people have done two evils. They have forsaken me, the Fountain of living water, and they have dug for themselves cisterns, broken cisterns that are unable to hold water. 14 Is Israel a servant, or one born into slavery? Then why has he become a prey? 15 The lions have roared over him, and they have uttered their voice. They have set his land in solitude; his cities have been burned up, and there is no one who lives in them. 16 Likewise, the sons of Memphis and of Tahpanhes have defiled you, even to the top of the head. 17 Has this not been done to you because you abandoned the Lord your God, in that time when he was leading you by the way? 18 And now what do you want from the way of Egypt, but to drink their turbid water? And what do you want from the way of the Assyrians, but to drink the water of their river? 19 Your own malice will reprove you, and your own apostasy will rebuke you! But know and perceive this: it is an evil and bitter thing for you to forsake the Lord your God, and to be without my fear within you, says the Lord, the God of hosts. 20 From ancient times, you have broken my yoke; you have torn apart my bonds, and you have said, ‘I will not serve.’ For on every high hill, and under every leafy tree, you have been debased, O harlot. 21 Yet I planted you as an elect vineyard, with only true seed. Then how have you been turned away from me, toward that which is depraved, O strange vineyard? 22 Even if you wash yourself with soap, and increase your use of herbal soaps, you are still stained by your iniquity in my sight, says the Lord God. 23 How can you say: ‘I have not been polluted. I have not walked after Baal?’ Consider your ways in the steep valley. Acknowledge what you have done, so that you may be like a swift runner, following his course. 24 A wild donkey accustomed to solitude, out of the desire in his soul, caught the scent of his lover. Now nothing will turn him away from her. All those who seek her will not cease. But they will find her in her menstruation. 25 You should keep your foot from being naked, and your throat from being thirsty. But you have said: ‘I have lost hope. I will not do it. For certainly, I have loved strangers, and I will walk after them.’ 26 In the same way that a thief is confounded when he has been apprehended, so the house of Israel has been confounded, they and their kings, their leaders and priests and prophets. 27 For they say to a piece of wood, ‘You are my father,’ and to a stone, ‘You have conceived me.’ They have turned their back to me, and not their face. But in the time of their affliction, they will say: ‘Rise up and deliver us.’ 28 Where are your gods that you made for yourselves? Let them rise up and deliver you in the time of your affliction. For certainly, your gods were like the number of your cities, O Judah. 29 Why do you want to contend against me in judgment? You have all forsaken me, says the Lord. 30 I have struck your children to no effect; they have not accepted discipline. Your own sword has devoured your prophets. Your generation is like a raging lion. 31 Consider the word of the Lord. Have I become like a wilderness to Israel, or like a land late to bear fruit? Then why have my people said, ‘We are withdrawing; we will no longer approach you’? 32 Can a virgin forget her ornament, or a bride the covering across her breast? Yet truly, my people have forgotten me, for innumerable days. 33 Why are you striving to claim that your way is good, as if to seek my love, when all the while you are also displaying your malice by your own way, 34 and in your armpits there is found the blood of poor and innocent souls? I have found them, not in ditches, but everywhere that I mentioned previously. 35 And you have said: ‘I am innocent and without sin. And because of this, let your fury be turned away from me.’ Behold, I will contend with you in judgment, because you have said: ‘I have not sinned.’ 36 How exceedingly vile you have become, repeating your ways again and again! And so, you will be ashamed of Egypt, just as you were ashamed of Assur. 37 For you will also depart from that place, and your hand will be upon your head. For the Lord has crushed your confidence, and you will have nothing prosperous by it.”

Verš 32

Can a virgin forget her ornament, or a bride the covering across her breast? Yet truly, my people have forgotten me, for innumerable days.

Jer 3:21 - A voice has been heard in the highways, the weeping and wailing of the sons of Israel. For they have made their own ways sinful; they have forgotten the Lord their God.

Verš 36

How exceedingly vile you have become, repeating your ways again and again! And so, you will be ashamed of Egypt, just as you were ashamed of Assur.

Iz 31:1 - Woe to those who descend into Egypt for assistance, hoping in horses, and putting their trust in four-horse chariots because they are many, and in horsemen because they are exceedingly strong. And they have not believed in the Holy One of Israel, and they have not sought the Lord.

Verš 5

Thus says the Lord: “What iniquity have your fathers found in me, that they would draw far away from me, and would walk after emptiness, and would become empty?

Mi 6:3 - My people, what have I done to you, or how have I assailed you? Respond to me.

Verš 8

The priests have not sad: ‘Where is the Lord?’ And those who held the law did not know me. And the pastors betrayed me. And the prophets prophesied in Baal and followed idols.

Rim 2:20 - an instructor to the foolish, a teacher to children, because you have a type of knowledge and truth in the law.

Verš 11

See if a nation has ever changed their gods, though certainly those are not gods. Yet truly, my people have exchanged their glory for an idol.

Ž 106:20 - He sent his word, and he healed them, and he rescued them from their utter destruction.

Verš 12

Be astonished at this, O heavens, and be utterly desolate, O gates of heaven, says the Lord.

Dt 32:1 - “Listen, O heavens, to what I am saying. Let the earth hear the words of my mouth.

Iz 1:2 - Listen, O heavens, and pay attention, O earth, for the Lord has spoken. I have nurtured and raised children, but they have spurned me.

Verš 13

For my people have done two evils. They have forsaken me, the Fountain of living water, and they have dug for themselves cisterns, broken cisterns that are unable to hold water.

Pie 4:15 - The fountain of the gardens is a well of living waters, which flow forcefully from Lebanon.

Jer 17:13 - O Lord, Hope of Israel: all who forsake you will be confounded. Those who withdraw from you will be written into the earth. For they have abandoned the Lord, the Source of living waters.

Verš 15

The lions have roared over him, and they have uttered their voice. They have set his land in solitude; his cities have been burned up, and there is no one who lives in them.

Iz 5:29 - Their roaring is like the lion; they will roar like young lions. They will both roar and seize their prey. And they will wrap themselves around it, and there will be no one who can rescue it.

Jer 4:7 - The lion has ascended from his den, and the pillager of the nations has lifted himself up. He has gone forth from his place, so that he may set your land in desolation. Your cities will be laid waste, remaining without an inhabitant.

Verš 18

And now what do you want from the way of Egypt, but to drink their turbid water? And what do you want from the way of the Assyrians, but to drink the water of their river?

Verš 19

Your own malice will reprove you, and your own apostasy will rebuke you! But know and perceive this: it is an evil and bitter thing for you to forsake the Lord your God, and to be without my fear within you, says the Lord, the God of hosts.

Iz 3:9 - The acknowledgement of their countenance is their response. For they have proclaimed their own sin, like Sodom; and they have not concealed it. Woe to their souls! For evils are 399 being repaid to them.

Oz 5:5 - And the arrogance of Israel will answer to his face. And Israel and Ephraim will fall in their iniquity, and even Judah will fall with them.

Verš 21

Yet I planted you as an elect vineyard, with only true seed. Then how have you been turned away from me, toward that which is depraved, O strange vineyard?

Ex 15:17 - You shall lead them in and plant them, on the mountain of your inheritance, in your most firm dwelling place, which you have formed, O Lord, your sanctuary, O Lord, which your hands have made firm.

Ž 44:2 - My heart has uttered a good word. I speak of my works to the king. My tongue is like the pen of a scribe who writes quickly.

Ž 80:8 - You called upon me in tribulation, and I freed you. I heard you within the hidden tempest. I tested you with waters of contradiction.

Verš 22

Even if you wash yourself with soap, and increase your use of herbal soaps, you are still stained by your iniquity in my sight, says the Lord God.

Jób 9:30 - If I had been washed with snow-like waters, and my hands were shining like the cleanest thing,

Verš 28

Where are your gods that you made for yourselves? Let them rise up and deliver you in the time of your affliction. For certainly, your gods were like the number of your cities, O Judah.

Iz 2:8 - And their land has been filled with horses. And their four-horse chariots are innumerable. And their land has been filled with idols. They have adored the work of their hands, which their own fingers have made.

Jer 11:13 - For according to the number of your cities, so were your gods, O Judah. And according to the number of the streets of Jerusalem, so did you establish altars of confusion, altars to offer libations to Baal.

Verš 30

I have struck your children to no effect; they have not accepted discipline. Your own sword has devoured your prophets. Your generation is like a raging lion.

Iz 1:5 - For what reason shall I continue to strike you, as you increase transgressions? The entire head is feeble, and the entire heart is grieving.

Jer 5:3 - O Lord, your eyes look with favor upon faith. You have struck them, and they have not grieved. You have bruised them, and they have refused to accept discipline. They have hardened their faces more than rock, and they are not willing to return.

Verš 31

Consider the word of the Lord. Have I become like a wilderness to Israel, or like a land late to bear fruit? Then why have my people said, ‘We are withdrawing; we will no longer approach you’?

Mt 23:26 - You blind Pharisee! First clean the inside of the cup and the dish, and then what 578 is outside becomes clean.

Jer 2,1-6 - Obsahujú reči z prvých rokov čias kráľa Joziáša. Jeremiáš odvoláva sa v nich na dejiny národa, ktorého pomer k Bohu prirovnáva k manželstvu. Pozri pozn. k Iz 50,1 n.

Jer 2,2 - Počas putovania na púšti bol národ ešte vernou snúbenicou Pánovou.

Jer 2,3 - Prvotiny úrody boli zasvätené Pánovi, museli sa doniesť do svätyne (Ex 23,19) a nik nesmel beztrestne z nich jesť, ak na to nebol oprávnený (Lv 22,9 n.; porov. Lv 5,14).

Jer 2,5 - Márnosťou volá prorok modly.

Jer 2,7 - Vulg slovo Karmel, ktoré znamená všeobecne "záhradu, sad", pokladá za vlastné meno známeho pohoria. – Izraeliti poškvrnili zem Pánovu (Svätú zem) svojimi hriechmi, hlavne modloslužbou.

Jer 2,8 - Tí, čo chápu Zákon, sú zákonníci. Pastieri sú vodcovia ľudu.

Jer 2,10 - Kitejci boli obyvatelia fenickej kolónie Kition na ostrove Cyprus. Kedarania boli kočovníci na sýrsko-arabskej púšti.

Jer 2,13 - Živou vodou volali Izraeliti vodu z prameňa, ktorá bola v Palestíne veľmi vzácna. Neživou bola voda dažďová, ktorú zbierali do vykopaných jám, cisterien.

Jer 2,16 - Nof je Memfis, egyptský Men-no-fer, južne od dnešnej Káhiry. Tafnes, grécky Dafne, dnešné Tell Defenneh, bola kedysi dôležitá pevnosť neďaleko Pelusiumu.

Jer 2,18 - Modly, popraskané cisterny, národu nepomohli, preto hľadá "vodu", pomoc inde, a to raz v Egypte, inokedy v Asýrsku. Vulg prekladá mená riek; miesto Nílu má: "vodu mútnu" miesto Eufratu: "vodu rieky".

Jer 2,19 - Modloslužbou páchanou na výšinách a pod košatými stromami porušuje izraelský národ manželskú vernosť, ktorou je zaviazaný Pánovi (porov. Iz 50,1; Oz 4,12-14; Dt 12,2; 23,17-18; 2 Kr 23,4-8).

Jer 2,21 - Podobenstvo o vinici pozri Iz 5,1 n.

Jer 2,23 - Spomína sa tu údolie Ben-Hinom (Ben-Hinnom) pri Jeruzaleme. Tam bola povestná modlárska svätyňa Tofet, kde Izraeliti obetúvali Molochovi ešte aj svoje deti (porov. 7,31; 19,2-6; 32,35).

Jer 2,24 - Zvieratá sú zdivené, len keď príde ich mesiac, Izrael ustavične sa vláči a volá za modlami, div si nezoderie obuv a div mu nevyschne gágor.

Jer 2,34 - Kto zabil zlodeja, pristihnutého pri vlámaní, nebol podľa zákona vrah (Ex 22,2). Izrael však zabíja svoje obete pri terebintách (tak treba asi opraviť tento ťažký verš so LXX). Rozumie sa to o obetovaní detí, ktoré sa aj u Iz 57,5 spája s modloslužbou pri terebintách.

Jer 2,37 - Na znak žiaľu a zúfalstva dávali si ruky nad hlavu a zalamovali nimi.