Kazateľ

Biblia - Sväté písmo

(CPDV - Anglický - Catholic PD)

Kaz 3, 1-22

1 All things have their time, and all things under heaven continue during their interval. 2 A time to be born, and a time to die. A time to plant, and a time to pull up what was planted. 3 A time to kill, and a time to heal. A time to tear down, and a time to build up. 4 A time to weep, and a time to laugh. A time to mourn, and a time to dance. 5 A time to scatter stones, and a time to gather. A time to embrace, and a time to be far from embraces. 6 A time to gain, and a time to lose. A time to keep, and a time to cast away. 7 A time to rend, and a time to sew. A time to be silent, and a time to speak. 8 A time of love, and a time of hatred. A time of war, and a time of peace. 9 What more does a man have from his labor? 10 I have seen the affliction that God has given to the sons of men, in order that they may be occupied by it. 11 He has made all things good in their time, and he has handed over the world to their disputes, so that man may not discover the work which God made from the beginning, even until the end. 12 And I realize that there is nothing better than to rejoice, and to do well in this life. 13 For this is a gift from God: when each man eats and drinks, and sees the good results of his labor. 14 I have learned that all the works which God has made continue on, in perpetuity. We are not able to add anything, nor to take anything away, from those things which God has made in order that he may be feared. 15 What has been made, the same continues. What is in the future, has already existed. And God restores what has passed away. 16 I saw under the sun: instead of judgment, impiety, and instead of justice, iniquity. 17 And I said in my heart: “God will judge the just and the impious, and then the time for each matter shall be.” 18 I said in my heart, about the sons of men, that God would test them, and reveal them to be like wild animals. 19 For this reason, the passing away of man and of beasts is one, and the condition of both is equal. For as a man dies, so also do they die. All things breathe similarly, and man has nothing more than beast; for all these are subject to vanity. 20 And all things continue on to one place; for from the earth they were made, and unto the earth they shall return together. 21 Who knows if the spirit of the sons of Adam ascend upward, and if the spirit of the beasts descend downward? 22 And I have discovered nothing to be better than for a man to rejoice in his work: for this is his portion. And who shall add to him, so that he may know the things that will occur after him?

Verš 9

What more does a man have from his labor?

Kaz 1:3 - What more does a man have from all his labor, as he labors under the sun?

Verš 20

And all things continue on to one place; for from the earth they were made, and unto the earth they shall return together.

Gn 3:19 - By the sweat of your face shall you eat bread, until you return to the earth from which you were taken. For dust you are, and unto dust you shall return.”

Verš 5

A time to scatter stones, and a time to gather. A time to embrace, and a time to be far from embraces.

1Kor 7:5 - So, do not fail in your obligations to one another, except perhaps by consent, for a limited time, so that you may empty yourselves for prayer. And then, return together again, lest Satan tempt you by means of your abstinence.

Kaz 3,1-9 - Kazateľ uvádza mnoho prípadov z ľudského života, na ktorých každý vidí, že všetky udalosti ľudského života podliehajú zákonitosti, ktorou Boh nezmeniteľne spravuje všetko na svete.

Kaz 3,5 - Porov. 2 Kr 3,25; Iz 5,2.

Kaz 3,9 - Porov. 1,1–8.

Kaz 3,11 - Verš svojou osnovou pôsobí značné ťažkosti pre výklad. Vg prekladá "svet vydal ich hádaniu (ich hádkam)".

Kaz 3,12 - Porov. 2,24.

Kaz 3,14 - Nie jednotlivé Božie diela sú nezničiteľné, ale zákony prírody ostávajú trvalo tie isté a nezmeniteľné. Boh je pôvodcom týchto zákonov. Táto večnosť Božieho zákona vedie človeka k bázni Božej (porov. Sir 18,5–6).

Kaz 3,15 - "Boh sa vie vypomstiť za prenasledovaného." Vg.: "Boh obnovuje, čo sa pominulo", t. j. akoby sa Boh časom vracal na cesty, ktoré zdanlivo opustil. Hebr. text poukazuje však na večnú spravodlivosť Božiu: dopustí aj neprávosť, ale súčasne bdie nad mravným poriadkom, ktorý vytvorila jeho svätá vôľa.

Kaz 3,19 - Práve tak ako človek podriaďujú sa zákonu pominuteľnosti aj zvieratá. (Iba v tomto zmysle je človek rovný zvieraťu.) Dych života rovnako uniká pri smrti, či hovoríme o ľuďoch alebo o zvieratách. Nesmrteľnosť ľudskej duše nie je na tomto mieste dotknutá, lebo keď ju Kazateľ aj výslovne nehlása, v ničom ju nepopiera. Inde však (9,10) aj Kazateľ spomína, že duša človeka zostupuje do podsvetia (šeolu), kde už niet radosti. S týmto náhľadom sa stretáme aj v žalme 104,29–30.

Kaz 3,21 - V dobe Kazateľovej ujímal sa náhľad, že životný dych ľudí vystupuje k Bohu, kým dych zvierat zostupuje pod zem.