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2. kniha kráľov

Biblia - Sväté písmo

(CPDV - Anglický - Catholic PD)

2Kr 19, 1-37

1 And when king Hezekiah had heard this, he tore his garments, and he covered himself with sackcloth, and he entered the house of the Lord. 2 And he sent Eliakim, the first ruler of the house, and Shebnah, the scribe, and the elders from the priests, covered with sackcloth, to the prophet Isaiah, the son of Amoz. 3 And they said to him: “Thus says Hezekiah: This day is a day of tribulation, and of rebuke, and of blasphemy. The sons are ready to be born, but the woman in labor does not have the strength. 4 Perhaps the Lord, your God, may hear all the words of Rabshakeh, whom the king of the Assyrians, his lord, sent so that he would reproach the living God, and rebuke with words, which the Lord, your God, has heard. And so, offer a prayer on behalf of the remnant that has been found.” 5 And the servants of king Hezekiah went to Isaiah. 6 And Isaiah said to them: “So shall you say to your lord. Thus says the Lord: Do not be afraid before the face of the words that you have heard, by which the servants of the king of the Assyrians have blasphemed me. 7 Behold, I will send a spirit to him, and he will hear a report, and he will return to his own land. And I will bring him down by the sword in his own land.” 8 Then Rabshakeh returned, and he found the king of the Assyrians fighting against Libnah. For he had heard that he had withdrawn from Lachish. 9 And when he had heard from Tirhakah, the king of Ethiopia, saying, “Behold, he has gone out so that he may fight against you,” and when he went forth against him, he sent messengers to Hezekiah, saying: 10 “So shall you say to Hezekiah, the king of Judah: Let not your God, in whom you trust, lead you astray. And you should not say, ‘Jerusalem will not be delivered into the hands of the king of the Assyrians.’ 11 For you yourself have heard what the kings of the Assyrians have done to all the lands, the manner in which they have laid waste to them. Therefore, how would you alone be able to be freed? 12 Have the gods of the nations freed any of those whom my fathers have destroyed, such as Gozan, and Haran, and Rezeph, and the sons of Eden, who were at Telassar? 13 Where is the king of Hamath, and the king of Arpad, and the king of the city of Sepharvaim, and of Hena, and of Avva?” 14 And so, when Hezekiah had received the letter from the hand of the messengers, and had read it, he ascended to the house of the Lord, and he spread it out before the Lord. 15 And he prayed in his sight, saying: “O Lord, God of Israel, who sits upon the cherubim, you alone are God, over all the kings of the earth. You made heaven and earth. 16 Incline your ear, and listen. Open your eyes, O Lord, and see. And hear all the words of Sennacherib, who sent so that he might reproach the living God before us. 17 Truly, O Lord, the kings of the Assyrians have devastated all peoples and lands. 18 And they have cast their gods into the fire. For they were not gods, but instead were the works of men’s hands, out of wood and stone. And so they destroyed them. 19 Now therefore, O Lord our God, bring us salvation from his hand, so that all the kingdoms of the earth may know that you alone are the Lord God.” 20 Then Isaiah, the son of Amoz, sent to Hezekiah, saying: “Thus says the Lord, the God of Israel: I have heard what you beseeched from me, concerning Sennacherib, the king of the Assyrians. 21 This is the word that the Lord has spoken about him: The virgin daughter of Zion has spurned and ridiculed you. The daughter of Jerusalem has shaken her head behind your back. 22 Whom have you reproached, and whom have you blasphemed? Against whom have you exalted your voice, and lifted up your eyes on high? Against the Holy One of Israel! 23 By the hand of your servants, you have reproach the Lord, and you have said: ‘By the multitude of my chariots I have ascended to the heights of the mountains, to the summit of Lebanon. And I have cut down its sublime cedars, and its elect spruce trees. And I have entered even to its limits. And its forest of Carmel, 24 I have cut down. And I drank foreign waters, and I dried up all the enclosed waters with the steps of my feet.’ 25 But have you not heard what I have done from the beginning? From the days of antiquity, I have formed it, and now I have brought it to be. And fortified cities of fighting men will become piles of ruins. 26 And whoever may settle in these, they have trembled, with a weak hand, and they have been confounded. They have become like the hay of the field, and like weeds sprouting on the rooftops, which dry up before they reached maturity. 27 Your habitation, and your exit, and your entrance, and your way, I knew 216 beforehand, along with your fury against me. 28 You have been maddened against me, and your arrogance has ascended to my ears. And so, I will place a ring in your nose, and a bit between your lips. And I will lead you back along the way by which you came. 29 But as for you, Hezekiah, this shall be a sign: Eat this year whatever you will find, and in the second year, whatever may spring up of itself. But in the third year, sow and reap; plant vineyards, and eat from their fruit. 30 And whatever will have been left behind, from the house of Judah, shall send a root downward, and shall bear fruit upward. 31 Indeed, a remnant shall go forth from Jerusalem, and what may be saved shall go forth from mount Zion. The zeal of the Lord of hosts shall accomplish this. 32 For this reason, thus says the Lord about the king of the Assyrians: He shall not enter into this city, nor shoot an arrow into it, nor overtake it with the shield, nor encircle it with fortifications. 33 By the way that he came, so shall he return. And he shall not enter this city, says the Lord. 34 And I will protect this city, and I will save it for my own sake, and for the sake of my servant David.” 35 And so it happened that, in the same night, an Angel of the Lord went and struck down, in the camp of the Assyrians, one hundred and eighty-five thousand. And when he had risen up, at first light, he saw all the bodies of the dead. And withdrawing, he went away. 36 And Sennacherib, the king of the Assyrians, returned and dwelled in Nineveh. 37 And while he was worshipping in the temple of his god, Nisroch, his sons, Adram-melech and Sharezer, struck him with the sword. And they fled into the land of the Armenians. And Esarhaddon, his son, reigned in his place.

2Kr 19, 1-37





Verš 1
And when king Hezekiah had heard this, he tore his garments, and he covered himself with sackcloth, and he entered the house of the Lord.
Iz 37:1 - And it happened that, when king Hezekiah had heard this, he rent his garments, and he wrapped himself in sackcloth, and he entered the house of the Lord.

Verš 2
And he sent Eliakim, the first ruler of the house, and Shebnah, the scribe, and the elders from the priests, covered with sackcloth, to the prophet Isaiah, the son of Amoz.
Iz 1:1 - The vision of Isaiah, the son of Amoz, which he saw concerning Judah and Jerusalem, in the days of Uzziah, Joatham, Ahaz, and Hezekiah, kings of Judah.

Verš 35
And so it happened that, in the same night, an Angel of the Lord went and struck down, in the camp of the Assyrians, one hundred and eighty-five thousand. And when he had risen up, at first light, he saw all the bodies of the dead. And withdrawing, he went away.
Iz 37:36 - Then the Angel of the Lord went forth and struck down, in the camp of the Assyrians, one hundred eighty-five thousand. And they arose in the morning, and behold, all these were dead bodies.

Verš 34
And I will protect this city, and I will save it for my own sake, and for the sake of my servant David.”
2Kr 20:6 - And I will add fifteen years to your days. Then too, I will free you and this city from the hand of the king of the Assyrians. And I will protect this city for my own sake, and for the sake of my servant David.”

Verš 37
And while he was worshipping in the temple of his god, Nisroch, his sons, Adram-melech and Sharezer, struck him with the sword. And they fled into the land of the Armenians. And Esarhaddon, his son, reigned in his place.
2Krn 32:21 - And the Lord sent an Angel, who struck all the experienced men and warriors, and the leaders of the army of the king of the Assyrians. And he returned in disgrace to his own land. And when he had entered the house of his god, the sons who had gone forth from his loins killed him with the sword.
Iz 37:38 - And it happened that, as he was adoring his god in the temple of Nisroch, his sons, Adramelech and Sharezer, struck him with the sword. And they fled into the land of Ararat. And Esarhaddon, his son, reigned in his place.

2Kr 19,4 - "Zvyšok" sú obyvatelia Jeruzalema.

2Kr 19,7 - Výraz: "vložím doň ducha" rozumej: naplním mu myseľ starosťami pre nepriaznivú správu a odíde od Jeruzalema.

2Kr 19,8 - Lobnu porov. 8,22.

2Kr 19,9 - Etópia ležala južne od Egypta, jej hlavné mesto bolo Napata. Bola sprvoti poddaná Egyptu, ale koncom ôsmeho storočia pr. Kr. sa etiópski králi zmocnili aj egyptského trónu. Taraka bol tretím a posledným kráľom tejto 25. dynastie, zvanej dynastiou etiópskou. V r. 701 ešte nebol kráľom, len vojvodcom faraóna Sabataku, ktorý ho poveril vedením výpravy proti Sennacheribovi. Pisateľ deja mu však dáva titul, ktorý mal vtedy, keď on dej opisoval, titul "kráľ".

2Kr 19,11 - O kliatbe pozri 1 Sam 15,3.

2Kr 19,12 - O Gozane pozri 17,6. Haran, kde kedysi býval Abrahámov otec Táre, bolo mesto v severnej Mezopotámii. – Mesto Resef ležalo severovýchodne od Ematu. "Eden" bola asi krajina medzi Ematom a Resefom. Asýrske klinopisné pamiatky ju volajú Bít Adini (Dom Adiniho). Hlavným mestom tejto krajiny bolo Tilbašeri, ktoré sa tu volá Telasár.

2Kr 19,13 - O Emate, Ave, Sefarvaime pozri 17,24, porov. 18,34. O Ane 18,34.

2Kr 19,15 - Pán tróni nad cherubmi v nebi (porov. Ez hl. 1 n.); ale aj nad archou zmluvy mu boli trónom krídla dvoch cherubov (Ex 25,17 n.).

2Kr 19,21 - Mesto je zosobnené, volá sa "dcéra Siona", "dcéra Jeruzalema". Panenskou dcérou sa volajú mestá, ktoré nepriateľ ešte nedobyl.

2Kr 19,25 - Verš 25 je odpoveď Pánova na samochválu. Sennacherib bol len nástrojom, aby sa splnili Božie proroctvá; odtiaľ sú jeho úspechy.

2Kr 19,26 - "Spálenina nerozvinutá" je zeleň poľa, ktorú spálilo slnko alebo horúci juhovýchodný vietor.

2Kr 19,28 - Obraz má pôvod v spôsobe, akým krotili zvieratá. Ale aj Asýrčania takto zaobchádzali so zajatcami.

2Kr 19,29 - Druhá sloha básne (v. 29–31) hovorí o znamení pre Ezechiáša. S výkladom 29. verša sú ťažkosti. Najpravdepodobnejší je výklad Knabenbauerov: Predošlú jeseň nemohli siať, lebo zem bola zničená asýrskym vojskom; tohto leta je pokojnejšie, môžu aspoň to zobrať z poľa, čo sa urodilo samo; v jeseni zas nebudú môcť siať, preto aj nasledujúci rok sa budú živiť len tým, čo narastie samo od seba. Ale v jeseni toho druhého roku už budú môcť obrobiť pole, takže tretí rok budú v pokoji požívať plody svojej práce.

2Kr 19,35 - V osnove sa nehovorí, akým spôsobom usmrtil anjel asýrske vojsko. Možno, že Asýrčania pomreli na mor. Čo ako sa však vec stala, nebolo to bez zázračného Božieho zákroku. Počet mŕtvych sa zdá priveľkým, možno, že číslica je porušená. – I keď Sennacherib vo svojich nápisových pamiatkach mlčí o tejto porážke – veď sa králi svojimi porážkami nikdy nechvália –, sú náznaky, že odišiel od Jeruzalema s nezdarom: 1. Asýrska správa o tejto výprave spomína, že Sennacherib obliehal Jeruzalem, ale nespomína, že ho aj dobyl, čo by správa iste nebola zamlčala. 2. Pri iných výpravách spomína Sennacherib aj víťazstvá na spiatočnej ceste, z tejto výpravy nie.

2Kr 19,36 - Výraz "býval v Ninive" neznamená, že sa Sennacherib z Ninive už viac nepohol. Zachovali sa správy aj o jeho ďalších výpravách, ale proti Júdsku viac neviedol boj.

2Kr 19,37 - Sennacheriba zavraždili až v r. 681. – Asýrsky boh Nesroch je známy len z tohto miesta Svätého písma – Ararat (Urartu) je Arménia. – Asarhadon (Asarhaddon) panoval v r. 681–668 pr. Kr.